scholarly journals Clinical and inflammatory phenotyping by breathomics in chronic airway diseases irrespective of the diagnostic label

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1701817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianne de Vries ◽  
Yennece W.F. Dagelet ◽  
Pien Spoor ◽  
Erik Snoey ◽  
Patrick M.C. Jak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
Inflammatory Phenotypes ◽  
Chronic Airway

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are complex and overlapping diseases that include inflammatory phenotypes. Novel anti-eosinophilic/anti-neutrophilic strategies demand rapid inflammatory phenotyping, which might be accessible from exhaled breath.Our objective was to capture clinical/inflammatory phenotypes in patients with chronic airway disease using an electronic nose (eNose) in a training and validation set.This was a multicentre cross-sectional study in which exhaled breath from asthma and COPD patients (n=435; training n=321 and validation n=114) was analysed using eNose technology. Data analysis involved signal processing and statistics based on principal component analysis followed by unsupervised cluster analysis and supervised linear regression.Clustering based on eNose resulted in five significant combined asthma and COPD clusters that differed regarding ethnicity (p=0.01), systemic eosinophilia (p=0.02) and neutrophilia (p=0.03), body mass index (p=0.04), exhaled nitric oxide fraction (p<0.01), atopy (p<0.01) and exacerbation rate (p<0.01). Significant regression models were found for the prediction of eosinophilic (R2=0.581) and neutrophilic (R2=0.409) blood counts based on eNose. Similar clusters and regression results were obtained in the validation set.Phenotyping a combined sample of asthma and COPD patients using eNose provides validated clusters that are not determined by diagnosis, but rather by clinical/inflammatory characteristics. eNose identified systemic neutrophilia and/or eosinophilia in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals The Influence of Smoking Status on Exhaled Breath Profiles in Asthma and COPD Patients

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1357
Author(s):  
Stefania Principe ◽  
Job J.M.H. van Bragt ◽  
Cristina Longo ◽  
Rianne de Vries ◽  
Peter J. Sterk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Never Smokers

Breath analysis using eNose technology can be used to discriminate between asthma and COPD patients, but it remains unclear whether results are influenced by smoking status. We aim to study whether eNose can discriminate between ever- vs. never-smokers and smoking <24 vs. >24 h before the exhaled breath, and if smoking can be considered a confounder that influences eNose results. We performed a cross-sectional analysis in adults with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and healthy controls. Ever-smokers were defined as patients with current or past smoking habits. eNose measurements were performed by using the SpiroNose. The principal component (PC) described the eNose signals, and linear discriminant analysis determined if PCs classified ever-smokers vs. never-smokers and smoking <24 vs. >24 h. The area under the receiver–operator characteristic curve (AUC) assessed the accuracy of the models. We selected 593 ever-smokers (167 smoked <24 h before measurement) and 303 never-smokers and measured the exhaled breath profiles of discriminated ever- and never-smokers (AUC: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.66–0.81), and no cigarette consumption <24h (AUC 0.54, 95% CI: 0.43–0.65). In healthy controls, the eNose did not discriminate between ever or never-smokers (AUC 0.54; 95% CI: 0.49–0.60) and recent cigarette consumption (AUC 0.60; 95% CI: 0.50–0.69). The eNose could distinguish between ever and never-smokers in asthma and COPD patients, but not recent smokers. Recent smoking is not a confounding factor of eNose breath profiles.

ROLE OF PHARMACIST INTERVENTION ON COPD PATIENTS OF SELECTED AREAS IN CHITRADURGA: A KAP STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin K Mathews ◽  
Abubaker Siddiq ◽  
Bharathi D R
Keyword(s):  
Illness Perceptions ◽  
Pharmacist Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
And Control

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable and treatable disease state characterized by air flow limitation that is not fully reversible. Severity of the symptoms is increased during exacerbations. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess and improve the knowledge regarding COPD among study subjects. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional interventional study was carried out among the peoples in selected areas of the Chitradurga city for a period of six months. Result: A total 207 subjects enrolled in the study in that 155 male and 52 females. In our study mean score of post test was more (5.87±1.68) when compare to pre-test (2.63±1.46) which show significant increase in their knowledge after educating them (p=0.000). A total of 207 subjects were enrolled into the study. SPSS Software was used to calculate the statistical estimation. Paired t-test was used to detect the association status of different variables. Conclusion: The relatively good level of COPD awareness needs to be maintained to facilitate future prevention and control of the disease. This study had identified that negative illness perceptions should be targeted, so that they will not avoid patients from seeking for COPD treatment and adhere to it. Key words: Cross sectional study, Knowledge, practice, COPD.

STUDY OF HS-CRP AND TNF-A LEVELS IN COPD PATIENTS ACCOMPANIED WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

2014 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Van Thi Tran ◽  
Van Bang Le ◽  
Thị Thu Huong Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Coronary Artery Angiography ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Artery Disease

Aim: Some studies have linked the present of chronic obstructive oulmonary disease (COPD) to coronary artery disease (CAD). Low grade systemic inflammation occurs in patients with COPD as well as patients with CAD. This study was designed to find out the concentration differences of hs-CRP and TNF-a in patients having both chronic obstructive pulmonary and coronary artery diseases with those having either. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted in 200 patients undergoing a coronary artery angiography in the Heart Institute, Thong Nhat Hospital and 115 People Hospital. COPD was diagnosed using GOLD classification. Result: Our study had shown that the levels of hs-CRP and TNF-a were statistically increased in patients with COPD, CAD as well as in patients who had COPD with CAD (p<0,05). The levels of hs-CRP were higher in CAD than in COPD nad the levels of TNF-a were higher in COPD than in CAD. In patients with COPD and CAD, there were increased the levels of both hs-CRP and TNF-a in serum. Conclusion: Systemic inflammation presents in both COPD and CAD. Key words: hs-CRP, TNF-a, coronary artery disease (CAD).

scholarly journals Classification of COPD patients and compliance to recommended treatment in Greece according to GOLD 2017 report: the RELICO study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Tzanakis ◽  
Nikolaos Koulouris ◽  
Katerina Dimakou ◽  
Konstantinos Gourgoulianis ◽  
Epameinondas Kosmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial clinical condition, characterized by chronic progressive (or worsening) respiratory symptoms, structural pulmonary abnormalities, and impaired lung function, and is often accompanied by multiple, clinically significant comorbid disorders. In 2017, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) issued a new report on COPD prevention, diagnosis and management, aiming at personalizing the maintenance therapeutic approach of the stable disease, based on the patients’ symptoms and history of exacerbations (ABCD assessment approach). Our objective was to evaluate the implementation of GOLD suggestions in everyday clinical practice in Greece. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study. Sixty-five different variables (demographics, vital sign measurements, COPD-related medical history parameters, comorbidities, vaccination data, COPD severity based on spirometry measurements, COPD stage based on the ABCD assessment approach, COPD treatments) were collected from 3615 nation-wide COPD patients (Greece). Results The mean age at the time of initial COPD diagnosis was 63.8 (± 10.2). Almost 60% of the subjects were classified into group B, while the remaining patients were falling into groups A (18%) and D (21%), and only a small minority of patients belonged to Group C, according to the ABCD assessment approach. The compliance of respiratory physicians to the GOLD 2017 therapeutic suggestions is problematic, especially when it comes to COPD patients belonging to Group A. Conclusion Our data provide valuable information regarding the demographic and medical profile of COPD patients in Greece, the domains which the revised ABCD assessment approach may show some clinical significance on, and the necessity for medical practitioners dealing with COPD patients to adhere closer to international recommendations for the proper management of the disease.

scholarly journals Low-dose theophylline in addition to ICS therapy in COPD patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251348
Author(s):  
Tiankui Shuai ◽  
Chuchu Zhang ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Yalei Wang ◽  
Huaiyu Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exacerbation Rate ◽  
Histone Deacetylase 2 ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background A synergism has been reported between theophylline and corticosteroids, wherein theophylline increases and restores the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) by enhancing histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC) activity. Several studies have explored the efficacy of low-dose theophylline plus ICS therapy on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but the results are discrepant. Method We conducted searches in electronic database such as PubMed, Web Of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase to find out original studies. Stata/SE 15.0 was used to perform all data analysis. Result A total of 47,556 participants from 7 studies were included in our analysis and the sample size of each study varied from 24 to 10,816. Theophylline as an add-on therapy to ICS was not associated with the reduction of COPD exacerbations (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.19, I2 = 95.2%). Instead, the theophylline group demonstrated a higher hospitalization rate (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.15, I2 = 20.4%) and mortality (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.25, I2 = 0%). Further, the anti-inflammatory effect of low-dose theophylline as an adjunct to ICS on COPD was controversial. Besides, the theophylline group showed significant improvement in lung function compared with the non-theophylline group. Conclusion Based on current evidence, low-dose theophylline as add-on therapy to ICS did not reduce the exacerbation rate. Instead, the hospitalization rate and mortality increased with theophylline. Thus, we do not recommend adding low-dose theophylline to ICS therapy in COPD patients. Trial registration PROSPERO Registration CRD42021224952.

scholarly journals Inhaler Technique and Adherence to Inhaled Medications among Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau Ngo ◽  
Dung Phan ◽  
Giap Vu ◽  
Phu Dao ◽  
Phuong Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Sub-optimal chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management has been found largely due to patients’ medication non-adherence and incorrect inhaler technique. This study aimed to examine inhaler use technique and medication adherence among Vietnamese COPD patients as well as potential associated factors. A cross-sectional study involving 70 COPD exacerbators was conducted. Inhaler technique and adherence were evaluated by the 10-item and 12-item Test of Adherence to Inhaler (TAI). Data on the history of COPD, home prescription of inhalers and duration of hospitalization were also collected. Generalized linear regression models were used to determine the associated factors with inhaler use and medication adherence. The results showed that the proportion of patients with good inhaler technique was 22.7% for metered-dose inhalers (MDI), 30.4% for dry powder inhalers (DPI) and 31.8% for soft-mist inhalers (SMI). Full exhalation was the most common mistake. The rates of non-compliance patterns were: “ignorant” (77.1%), “sporadic” (58.6%), and “deliberate” (55.7%). Worse dyspnea, greater health condition impairment, and an increased frequency of exacerbations and hospitalizations were found to be associated negatively with correct inhaler use and treatment adherence. Instructions to COPD patients about using inhalers should focus on correct inhaler technique and adherence even when feeling healthy.

scholarly journals Relationship of the Content of Systemic and Endobronchial Soluble Molecules of CD25, CD38, CD8, and HLA-I-CD8 and Lung Function Parameters in COPD Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nailya Kubysheva ◽  
Larisa Postnikova ◽  
Svetlana Soodaeva ◽  
Viкtor Novikov ◽  
Tatyana Eliseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Severe Copd

The definition of new markers of local and systemic inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the priority directions in the study of pathogenesis and diagnostic methods improvement for this disease. We investigated 91 patients with COPD and 21 healthy nonsmokers. The levels of soluble CD25, CD38, CD8, and HLA-I-CD8 molecules in the blood serum and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in moderate-to-severe COPD patients during exacerbation and stable phase were studied. An unidirectional change in the content of sCD25, sCD38, and sCD8 molecules with increasing severity of COPD was detected. The correlations between the parameters of lung function and sCD8, sCD25, and sHLA-I-CD8 levels in the blood serum and EBC were discovered in patients with severe COPD. The findings suggest a pathogenetic role of the investigated soluble molecules of the COPD development and allow considering the content of sCD8, sCD25, and sHLA-I-CD8 molecules as additional novel systemic and endobronchial markers of the progression of chronic inflammation of this disease.

scholarly journals Study of red cell distribution width levels and its correlation with severity of disease in patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashidhar Ramappa ◽  
Aishhwarrya Umeshchandra G. ◽  
Sheshan V. ◽  
Manigandan .
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Background:COPD has been accepted as component of systemic inflammatory syndrome. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of coefficient of variation of mean corpuscular volume which increases in chronic systemic inflammation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the RDW as a predictor of severity of COPD using BODE index.Methods:In this cross-sectional study 107 COPD patients were evaluated by measuring RDW and this was correlated with the severity of disease using GOLD staging.Results:RDW correlates well with COPD patients. Significant correlation of RDW with BODE index (r=0.650, p and It; 0.001), gold staging (r=0.459, p and It; 0.001), 6MWT (r=0.697, p and It; 0.001) were observed.Conclusions: RDW was found to increase in patients with increasing severity of COPD. Hence its potential role as a marker of severity of disease and in predicting risk of cardiovascular disease can be explored.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Mariska Pangaribuan ◽  
Faisal Yunus ◽  
Triya Damayanti ◽  
Rochsismandoko Rochsismandoko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients

Backgrounds: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common comorbidity of COPD. COPD may be considered as a risk factor for new onset type 2 DM via multiple pathophysiological alterations such as systemic inflammation, smoking, oxidative stress, obesity and inhaled corticosteroid use. Exact prevalence of DM in COPD patients in Indonesia still unclear. Co-morbid conditions like DM have great impact on the outcome of COPD in the form of severity, morbidity and mortality. Methods: A cross sectional study was done in Asthma-COPD clinic Persahabatan Hospital from February to March 2017 to screen COPD patients for DM. Sixty-four subjects were recruited. Interview, physical examination and laboratory testing were performed in all subjects. Results: A total of 64 patients with COPD (Males=60, Female=4) with mean age 65±8.7 were screened for DM. Patients with known history of DM were 12 subjects (18.8%) and were enrolled as known DM cases. Remaining 52 subjects (81.3%) whose DM status was unclear were screened by random or fasting blood sugar and HbA1c. Two subjects (3.1%) were considered as newly diagnosed DM cases. Prevalence of DM in present study was 21.9%. Number of patients with pre-diabetes was 16 subjects (25%). There was no significant relationship between gender, age, smoking, nutritional status, airflow limitation and inhaled corticosteroid use in occurrence of DM among COPD patients. Conclusions: Prevalence of DM in COPD patients in the present study is 21.9%. It is important to screen all COPD patients for DM routinely. (J Respir Indo. 2020; 40(1): 48-57)

scholarly journals Multi-centre comparison of self-management in patients with COPD

2021 ◽  
pp. 00252-2021
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Wakabayashi ◽  
Jean Bourbeau ◽  
Maria F. Sedeno ◽  
Takashi Motegi ◽  
Tomoko Kutsuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Visits ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), self-management (SM) plays an important role in disease management. Recently, SM programmes have expanded patient education practices to include a variety of disease management techniques. We hypothesised that COPD patients have insufficient and/or different SM needs according to institution. We compared information needs of patients between specialised clinics in Canada (SCC) and Japan (SCJ), and a hospital outpatient clinic in Japan (HCJ), all employing different SM interventions.This cross-sectional study evaluated patients’ information needs for disease management using the lung information needs questionnaire (LINQ). Further, we assessed pulmonary function tests, modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale (MMRC), and frequencies of hospitalisations and emergency visits.The total number of patients was 183. SCC were younger (p=0.047), with lower FEV1%predicted (p<0.0001) and scored higher on MMRC. Total LINQ scores showed differences among institutions (p<0.0001). There was no difference for the smoking domain; however, SCC recorded significantly lower information needs for all other domains (p<0.02). No significant difference in emergency visits was seen among institutions but HCJ recorded the highest rate of emergency visits, while SCC had significantly higher rates of hospitalisation (p=0.004). Differences were seen for frequency and duration of education between institutions.These results highlight the differences in information needs by institution and the importance of assessing individual needs. We believe our findings, although only one aspect of SM, reflect real-world circumstances adding to the argument that an SM education should be structured but flexible to meet the changing needs of COPD patients.

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