scholarly journals Diversity and prevalence of ANTAR RNAs across actinobacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolly Mehta ◽  
Arati Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory System ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Search Model ◽  
Transcriptional Elongation ◽  
Rna Motifs ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Regulatory Rnas ◽  
Rna Complex

Abstract Background Computational approaches are often used to predict regulatory RNAs in bacteria, but their success is limited to RNAs that are highly conserved across phyla, in sequence and structure. The ANTAR regulatory system consists of a family of RNAs (the ANTAR-target RNAs) that selectively recruit ANTAR proteins. This protein-RNA complex together regulates genes at the level of translation or transcriptional elongation. Despite the widespread distribution of ANTAR proteins in bacteria, their target RNAs haven’t been identified in certain bacterial phyla such as actinobacteria. Results Here, by using a computational search model that is tuned to actinobacterial genomes, we comprehensively identify ANTAR-target RNAs in actinobacteria. These RNA motifs lie in select transcripts, often overlapping with the ribosome binding site or start codon, to regulate translation. Transcripts harboring ANTAR-target RNAs majorly encode proteins involved in the transport and metabolism of cellular metabolites like sugars, amino acids and ions; or encode transcription factors that in turn regulate diverse genes. Conclusion In this report, we substantially diversify and expand the family of ANTAR RNAs across bacteria. These findings now provide a starting point to investigate the actinobacterial processes that are regulated by ANTAR.

scholarly journals Diversity and prevalence of ANTAR RNAs across actinobacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolly Mehta ◽  
Arati Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory System ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Search Model ◽  
Transcriptional Elongation ◽  
Rna Motifs ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Ribosome Binding ◽  
The Family ◽  
Regulatory Rnas ◽  
Rna Complex

ABSTRACTComputational approaches are often used to predict regulatory RNAs in bacteria, but their success is limited to RNAs that are highly conserved across phyla, in sequence and structure. The ANTAR regulatory system consists of a family of RNAs (the ANTAR-target RNAs) that selectively recruit ANTAR proteins. This protein-RNA complex together regulates genes at the level of translation or transcriptional elongation. Despite the widespread distribution of ANTAR proteins in bacteria, their targets RNAs haven’t been identified in certain bacterial phyla such as actinobacteria. Here, by using a computational search model that is tuned to actinobacterial genomes, we comprehensively identify ANTAR-target RNAs in actinobacteria. These RNA motifs lie in select transcripts, often overlapping with the ribosome binding site or start codon, to regulate translation. Transcripts harboring ANTAR-target RNAs majorly encode proteins involved in the transport and metabolism of cellular metabolites like sugars, amino acids and ions; or encode transcription factors that in turn regulate diverse genes. In this report, we substantially diversify and expand the family of ANTAR RNAs across bacteria.

TEORI KECERDASAN, PENDIDIKAN ANAK, DAN KOMUNIKASI DALAM KELUARGA

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muskinul Fuad
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Howard Gardner ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Education Today ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Spatial Logics

The education system in Indonesia emphasize on academic intelligence, whichincludes only two or three aspects, more than on the other aspects of intelligence. For thatreason, many children who are not good at academic intelligence, but have good potentials inother aspects of intelligence, do not develop optimally. They are often considered and labeledas "stupid children" by the existing system. This phenomenon is on the contrary to the theoryof multiple intelligences proposed by Howard Gardner, who argues that intelligence is theability to solve various problems in life and produce products or services that are useful invarious aspects of life.Human intelligence is a combination of various general and specific abilities. Thistheory is different from the concept of IQ (intelligence quotient) that involves only languageskills, mathematical, and spatial logics. According to Gardner, there are nine aspects ofintelligence and its potential indicators to be developed by each child born without a braindefect. What Gardner suggested can be considered as a starting point to a perspective thatevery child has a unique individual intelligence. Parents have to treat and educate theirchildren proportionally and equitably. This treatment will lead to a pattern of education that isfriendly to the brain and to the plurality of children’s potential.More than the above points, the notion that multiple intelligences do not just comefrom the brain needs to be followed. Humans actually have different immaterial (spiritual)aspects that do not refer to brain functions. The belief in spiritual aspects and its potentialsmeans that human beings have various capacities and they differ from physical capacities.This is what needs to be addressed from the perspective of education today. The philosophyand perspective on education of the educators, education stakeholders, and especially parents,are the first major issue to be addressed. With this step, every educational activity andcommunication within the family is expected to develop every aspect of children'sintelligence, especially the spiritual intelligence.

scholarly journals WD40-repeat 47, a microtubule-associated protein, is essential for brain development and autophagy

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (44) ◽  
pp. E9308-E9317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghna Kannan ◽  
Efil Bayam ◽  
Christel Wagner ◽  
Bruno Rinaldi ◽  
Perrine F. Kretz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Neuronal Morphology ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Wd40 Repeat ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Neuronal Regulation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cervical Ganglion

The family of WD40-repeat (WDR) proteins is one of the largest in eukaryotes, but little is known about their function in brain development. Among 26 WDR genes assessed, we found 7 displaying a major impact in neuronal morphology when inactivated in mice. Remarkably, all seven genes showed corpus callosum defects, including thicker (Atg16l1, Coro1c, Dmxl2, and Herc1), thinner (Kif21b and Wdr89), or absent corpus callosum (Wdr47), revealing a common role for WDR genes in brain connectivity. We focused on the poorly studied WDR47 protein sharing structural homology with LIS1, which causes lissencephaly. In a dosage-dependent manner, mice lacking Wdr47 showed lethality, extensive fiber defects, microcephaly, thinner cortices, and sensory motor gating abnormalities. We showed that WDR47 shares functional characteristics with LIS1 and participates in key microtubule-mediated processes, including neural stem cell proliferation, radial migration, and growth cone dynamics. In absence of WDR47, the exhaustion of late cortical progenitors and the consequent decrease of neurogenesis together with the impaired survival of late-born neurons are likely yielding to the worsening of the microcephaly phenotype postnatally. Interestingly, the WDR47-specific C-terminal to LisH (CTLH) domain was associated with functions in autophagy described in mammals. Silencing WDR47 in hypothalamic GT1-7 neuronal cells and yeast models independently recapitulated these findings, showing conserved mechanisms. Finally, our data identified superior cervical ganglion-10 (SCG10) as an interacting partner of WDR47. Taken together, these results provide a starting point for studying the implications of WDR proteins in neuronal regulation of microtubules and autophagy.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balbina García-Reyes ◽  
Anna-Laura Kretz ◽  
Jan-Philipp Ruff ◽  
Silvia von Karstedt ◽  
Andreas Hillenbrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Transcriptional Elongation ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cycle Regulation

The family of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) has critical functions in cell cycle regulation and controlling of transcriptional elongation. Moreover, dysregulated CDKs have been linked to cancer initiation and progression. Pharmacological CDK inhibition has recently emerged as a novel and promising approach in cancer therapy. This idea is of particular interest to combat pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a cancer entity with a dismal prognosis which is owed mainly to PDAC’s resistance to conventional therapies. Here, we review the current knowledge of CDK biology, its role in cancer and the therapeutic potential to target CDKs as a novel treatment strategy for PDAC.

scholarly journals Preliminary study of the enzyme ubiquitin carboxylterminal hydrolase 14 (UBP6) in Giardia intestinalis: structural bioinformatic analysis and transcriptional profile during encystation

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Magda E Alvarado ◽  
Camila A González ◽  
Moisés Wasserman ◽  
Claudia C Rubiano
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Deubiquitinating Enzyme ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Carboxyl Terminal

This paper presents a combined approach<br />with two aims. The first is to analyze the<br />reported sequence of the enzyme ubiquitin<br />carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 14 of Giardia<br />intestinalis (UBP6) through computational<br />methods to find components related with<br />its hypothetical function. The second is<br />to determine if the protein-coding gene is<br />expressed in G. intestinalis and, if such is<br />the case, also determine its transcription<br />pattern along the life cycle of the parasite. It<br />was established that the protein belongs to<br />the family of Cys-dependent deubiquitinases<br />and more specifically to ubiquitin specific<br />proteases (USPs). Moreover, the catalytic<br />center with the complete triad as well as<br />typical features of the USP motif were also<br />identified. Since the computational findings<br />suggest that the enzyme could be functional,<br />reverse transcription coupled to PCR was<br />used as a first approach to establish if in fact<br />the coding gene is expressed in the parasite.<br />Interestingly, it was found not only that<br />the gene is expressed, but also that there<br />is a transcription variation along the life<br />cycle of the parasite. These two findings are<br />the starting point for further studies since<br />they tentatively suggest that this enzyme<br />could be involved in the protein turnover<br />that occurs during parasite encystation.<br />Although preliminary, this study is the first<br />report concerning the study of a specific<br />deubiquitinating enzyme in the parasite G.<br />intestinalis.

scholarly journals Differences in the gut microbiomes of distinct ethnicities within the same geographic area are linked to host metabolic health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yan Ang ◽  
Diana L. Alba ◽  
Vaibhav Upadhyay ◽  
Jordan E. Bisanz ◽  
Jingwei Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Starting Point

Abstract Background: The human gut microbiota exhibits marked variation around the world, which has been attributed to dietary intake and other environmental factors. However, the degree to which ethnicity-associated differences in gut microbial community structure and function are maintained following immigration or in the context of metabolic disease is poorly understood.Results: We conducted a multi-omic study of 46 lean and obese East Asian and White participants living in the San Francisco Bay Area. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed significant differences between ethnic groups in bacterial richness and community structure. White individuals were enriched for the mucin-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila. East Asian participants had increased levels of multiple bacterial phyla, fermentative pathways detected by metagenomics, and the short-chain fatty acid end products acetate, propionate, and isobutyrate. Differences in the gut microbiota between the East Asian and White groups could not be explained by reported dietary intake, were more pronounced in lean individuals, and were associated with current geographical location. Microbiome transplantations into germ-free mice confirmed that the differences in the gut microbiota of the East Asian and White individuals we analyzed are independent of diet and that they differentially impact host body weight and adiposity in genetically identical mouse recipients.Conclusions: The reported findings emphasize the utility of studying diverse ethnic groups within a defined geographical location and provide a starting point for dissecting the mechanisms contributing to the complex interactions between the gut microbiome and ethnicity-associated lifestyle, demographic, metabolic, and genetic factors.

Značaj saradnje školske ustanove i porodice za razvoj ličnosti učenika

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Veljković ◽  
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Living System ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Pedagogical Documentation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
The Individual

The family as a living system is an organizedand permanent whole with changing patterns of human behavior, ie the family is the first life and social environment in which the child finds himself and acquires the first experiences that form the starting point of the overall development of the individual. In addition to the family, the time that the child spends in school is relatively long, and accordingly, she manages to achieve her influence on the development and formation of the student's personality. The cooperation established between the family and the school can contribute to both parties in different ways, improving the general atmosphere, the school climate and improving the work of teachers and providing support for the development of the family and parenting skills. By studying the relevant literature, we want to determine the importance of cooperation between the family and the school for the development of students' personalities, which is also the basic goal. The paper uses the historical method, as the basic method of historical research and analysis of the content of pedagogical documentation.

Comparative morphology of extant raptorial Mantispoidea (Neuroptera: Mantispidae, Rhachiberothidae) suggests a non-monophyletic Mantispidae and a single origin of the raptorial condition within the superfamily

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4992 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-89
Author(s):  
ADRIAN ARDILA-CAMACHO ◽  
CALEB CALIFRE MARTINS ◽  
ULRIKE ASPÖCK ◽  
ATILANO CONTRERAS-RAMOS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
New Interpretation

Adult external morphology of the extant raptorial Mantispoidea (Insecta: Neuroptera: Mantispidae and Rhachiberothidae) is compared emphasizing the morphology of the subfamily Symphrasinae as a key group to understand the phylogenetic relationships among the members of the superfamily. Plega dactylota Rehn, 1939 is thoroughly characterized in order to exemplify the morphology of the Symphrasinae. Additionally, following a review of the literature and examination of comparative material of Dilaridae, Berothidae, Rhachiberothidae and all Mantispidae subfamilies, a new interpretation of the components of the raptorial apparatus (i.e., head, prothorax, grasping forelegs, as well as integumentary specializations) is presented. Also, wing venation for these groups is reinterpreted, and new homology hypotheses for wing venation are proposed based on tracheation and comparative analyses. Given the high morphological divergence on the genital sclerites within the Mantispoidea, plus the confusing previous usage of neutral terminology and terms referring to appendages across taxonomic and morphological studies, we attempt to standardize, simplify, and situate terminology in an evolutionary context under the “gonocoxite concept” (multi-coxopod hypothesis). The remarkable morphological similarity of the genital sclerites of Symphrasinae and Rhachiberothidae (sensu U. Aspöck & Mansell 1994) with the Nallachinae (Dilaridae) was taken as a starting point to understand the morphology of other Mantispidae subfamilies. Based on these morphological comparisons, we provide a revised phylogenetic analysis of Mantispoidea. This new phylogenetic analysis supports a sister group relationship between the family Rhachiberothidae, comprising Rhachiberothinae and Symphrasinae, and the family Mantispidae, including the subfamily Mantispinae and its sister taxa Drepanicinae and Calomantispinae, which may represent a single subfamily. Based on these analyses, raptorial condition probably evolved a single time in these insects and subsequently became diversified in the two sister clades of the raptorial Mantispoidea.  

Marketing Management Inside the Business Family

2020 ◽  
pp. 304-321
Author(s):  
Danny C. Barbery-Montoya ◽  
Patricio J. Toro-Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Marketing Management ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relational Concept ◽  
Operational Phase ◽  
Business Family

This chapter shows the forms of relationship between the family business (FB) and its customers, through marketing and branding management. By reviewing literature, authors address three concepts: marketing and branding to generate value, the strategic and operational phase within business management, and consumer behavior along with the performance of the Company based on the rational or emotional. With these elements and through an exploratory theoretical method, authors present in a first phase the SOFT model as a starting point for understanding the decision making within the FB. Subsequently, the chapter defines that the client's decisions exposed to the marketing and branding actions are given through his triune brain, in which there are intellectual, limbic, and reptilian decisions. Authors propose through these two perspectives the relational concept between FB and client that they have called MindKeting as an exploratory proposal that helps to understand the types of decisions and actions that must be taken at the time of marketing management and brand of FB.

scholarly journals Pravo na palijativnu skrb za djecu u Republici Hrvatskoj

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Marina Milić Babić ◽  
Marina Hranj
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Right To Health Care ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

Palliative care for children means active, complete care on physical, psychological, social and spiritual levels, and it includes collaboration and active work with the family. Palliative care for children lasts during the period of illness and continues after the death of the child in the form of expert assistance to the family in their grief. Such care follows the principles of individual, holistic, transdisciplinary and biopsychosocial-spiritual approaches that come together in promoting the quality of life of a child and his or her family. Numerous legal sources are the starting point for defining palliative care for children as a fundamental human right to health care, as well as for defining basic actions within this fundamental right. The right to palliative care includes rights from different systems, and collaboration and linking of different disciplines are needed in order to meet the needs of the child and his family. The aim of this paper is to present crucial knowledge in the field of palliative care for children and to examine how this right is implemented and legally regulated in the Republic of Croatia.

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