scholarly journals The seasonality, steroid use, and lower ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte associated with bacteremia of Listeria monocytogenes in Japan from 2010 to 2019: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Watanabe ◽  
Itaru Nakamura ◽  
Yuri Miura ◽  
Hidehiro Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Lower Ratio ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Despite having a high mortality rate, Asian studies about the characteristics of adult listeriosis are limited. We investigated the incidence of listeriosis per admissions, associated factors, and rate of mortality in listeriosis, compared with non-listeriosis. Methods We recorded the incidence of listeriosis per 10,000 admissions and conducted a case–control study from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, at Tokyo Medical University Hospital (TMUH) in Japan. Cases were defined as adult with listeriosis that was bacteremia due to L. monocytogenes. Controls, defined as adult with non-listeriosis bacteremia due to other pathogens, were matched by age and clinical department to cases. We analyzed differences in seasonality, including warm season (defined as the period from May to October), medication including steroids, laboratory findings, and mortality. The odds ratio and p value between the cases group and control group were calculated using a chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results The incidence of listeriosis per 10,000 admissions to TMUH was 0.51. Eleven patients, excluding one neonate, were included in the case group. Twenty-six patients, excluding one patient because of contamination and one patient because of insufficient medical record, were included in the control group. Listeriosis onset was associated with the warm season (90.9% vs. 53.8%; p = 0.033), steroid use (54.5% vs. 19.2%; p = 0.042), and a lower ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (9.46 vs. 18.44; p = 0.015). The 30-day mortality rate of listeriosis was similar to non-listeriosis (18.3% vs. 19.2%; p = 0.619). Conclusion The incidence of listeriosis per admissions in this study was similar to that in other Asian countries. Factors associated with listeriosis were the warm season, steroid use, and a lower ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes. Additionally, the 30-day mortality rate was similarly high in both the listeriosis and non-listeriosis groups.

scholarly journals The Seasonality, Steroid and the Lower Ratio of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Associated With Listeriosis in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Watanabe ◽  
Itaru Nakamura ◽  
Yuri Miura ◽  
Hidehiro Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Lower Ratio ◽  
Tokyo Medical

Abstract Background: Although listeriosis is a foodborne infection with a high mortality rate, studies of listeriosis from Asia are limited. We aimed to compare the characteristics of listeriosis and non-listeriosis (defined as bacteremia without Listeria monocytegenes infection) in Japan.Methods: We conducted a case–control study of adults with listeriosis or with bacteremia without L. monocytegenes infection from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, at Tokyo Medical University Hospital in Japan. We recorded the incidence of admissions and the clinical characteristics, including age and sex; underlying disease; clinical symptoms; onset month; whether listeriosis was community-associated or health care–associated; medicine; blood count; biochemical findings; antibiotics use; admission to the intensive care unit; and outcome.Results: A total of 12 patients were included in the case group and 28 patients were included in the control group. Most cases of listeriosis were present in patients of an advanced age, with underlying disease, and/or on immunosuppressant therapy. Two patients died within 30 days and one developed a brain abscess. Listeriosis onset was associated with the warm season (90.9% vs. 53.8%; P = 0.033), steroid use (54.5% vs. 19.2%; P = 0.042), and a lower ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (9.46 vs. 18.44; P = 0.015).Conclusion: The incidence of listeriosis in this study was similar to that in other Asian countries and the 30-day mortality rate was 18.2%. We observed that listeriosis onset was associated with the warm season, steroid use, and a lower ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR WOUND DEHISCENCE AFTER LAPAROTOMY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Tomas Poškus ◽  
Vilius Mačiūnas ◽  
Marius Kryžauskas ◽  
Saulius Mikalauskas ◽  
Donatas Danys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Control Study

Background. Wound dehiscence is a life-threatening complication with the mortality rate up to 25 %. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors for wound dehiscence after midline laparotomy in adult population. Methods. The case control study of patients, operated from January 2012 to May 2016, was performed. Patients, who underwent repeated laparotomy for wound dehiscence, were the cases group. Each case was matched by 3 control group patients undergoing similar primary operation. Following characteristics were observed: demographic, past medical and social history, concomitant diseases, intraoperative details, postoperative outcomes and were compared between the groups. Difference was significant, if p value was less than 0.05. Results. 100 patients were included in the study. There were 25 (25 %) patients of the cases group and 75 (75 %) patient of the control group. The majority of the patients were males (69 %). The mean age was 66.7 ± 10.8 years. Three risk factors were identified in the univariate analysis: male gender (88.0 %), wound infection (56 %) and cardiovascular diseases (88 %) for wound dehiscence with the mortality rate of 20 %. Conclusions. Wound dehiscence is a serious complication with a high mortality rate. The identification of preoperative and early postoperative risk factors may allow preventing and reduce the rate of wound dehiscence.

scholarly journals Hyperthyroidism as a Potential Risk Factor for Placental Abruption: A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Kotani ◽  
Kenji Imai ◽  
Takafumi Ushida ◽  
Yoshinori Moriyama ◽  
Tomoko Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Abstract BackgroundOvert hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are associated with pregnancy complications; however, most women with these conditions are diagnosed before conception and are under treatment during pregnancy, especially in the developed countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate pregnancy complications among these women.MethodsA retrospective case-control study was conducted, and data on 3824 pregnant women who gave birth at Nagoya University Hospital located in Japan from 2005 to 2014 was collected. The pregnancy outcomes were divided and compared among three groups: the control group (n = 3709), the hyperthyroidism group (n = 52) and the hypothyroidism group (n = 63). Risk factors for placental abruption were also evaluated in singleton pregnancies (n = 3588) by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Moreover, in hyperthyroidism, thyroid function was also compared between successful and failed placentation group, and the latter group included placental abruption and preeclampsia. ResultsThe incidence of placental abruption was significantly higher in hyperthyroidism than in control and hypothyroidism groups (p < 0.01). Hyperthyroidism was independently associated with an increased risk of placental abruption (adjusted odds ratio = 12.52, 95% confidence interval = 2.91–53.88). Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly lower in failed placentation group than in successful placentation group (p < 0.05). ConclusionAccording to the results of our study, pregnancy outcomes in women with treated hypothyroidism were comparable with those in women without thyroid disease. Conversely, women with treated hyperthyroidism showed an independent risk of placental abruption, which might be related with lower TSH level at early gestation. However, further research is required to validate our findings.

scholarly journals A study to observe quantitative levels of C- Reactive Protein in Cerebrospinal fluid in patients with Meningitis as an add-on routine investigation- a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
◽  
Chandrashekhar Tiwari ◽  
Nandita Prabhat ◽  
Pooja Dhaon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Viral Meningitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a member of the class of acute phase reactants as itslevel rises dramatically during inflammatory processes occurring in the body. Measuring and chartingCRP values can prove useful in determining the disease progress. Aim: To estimate the CRP level inCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with meningitis; and to evaluate whether CRP levels could beused to differentiate the various types of meningitis in adults. Materials and Methods: This studywas a case-control study. 80 enrolled patients were subjected to a protocol that included detailedclinical history including duration of illness, symptoms and signs, history or any treatment history.Written informed consent was taken from the patients/guardian. Results: Meningitis was morecommon in the 18-30 years age group. Mean values of CSF CRP were- viral meningitis (2.70 mg/L)and pyogenic meningitis (91.13 mg/L) and control group (1.54 mg/L). CSF CRP can be used as adiagnostic tool to differentiate between pyogenic and viral meningitis as it is significantly raised inpyogenic meningitis in comparison to viral meningitis (p-value <0.0001). Conclusion: CRP in CSF isa valuable, rapid, bedside diagnostic test for differentiating between pyogenic and viral meningitis;with reasonably good sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. The absence of CRP in CSFrather than its presence is more important for the diagnosis of viral meningitis.

Quality of Life in Children with Migraine: A Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Sadeghian ◽  
Aliakbar Momen ◽  
Gholamreza Jelodar ◽  
Shahram Nasiri ◽  
Azin Khalafinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Quality Of Life Inventory ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

AbstractWe conducted a case–control study to determine the effects of migraine on quality of life (QOL) in children. Participants, aged between 6 and 18 years, were assigned to migraine (n = 70) and control (n = 70) groups. We used a translated version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 questionnaire. From the children's perspective, the overall QOL scores in all domains were lower in children with migraine. Children in the migraine group had significant lower scores in the social, emotional, and physical functioning (p-value < 0.05) than control group. Interestingly, a significant difference in the educational performance was not seen (p-value = 0.101). Relative to the parents' responses and children, the overall scores in all domains were lower in children with migraine. Statistically significant lower scores were found only in emotional and physical domains (p-value < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that migraine imposes a substantial negative impact on the different aspects of QOL in children.

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) With the Risk of Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome: a Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parivash Kavei ◽  
Esmaeil Yousefi Rad ◽  
Soheila Akbari ◽  
Ebrahim Falahi ◽  
Mahnaz Mardani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective: The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and PCOS risk in the 120 newly-diagnosed cases of PCOS and 120 healthy controls aged between 18-45 years in Khorramabad of Iran. Results: Energy intake was significantly more in PCOS patients (p=0.01) and these people were less active than control women (p=0.001). The mean ± SD of DII in PCOS patients was 0.4±2.09 while it was 0.45±1.92 in control group (p=0.001). There was a positive association between increasing DII score and the risk of PCOS with the OR of 2.41(1.15, 5.02) in the crude model when we compared the fourth quartile with the lowest one. This association was still significant in several models after adjusting for age and energy intake in the model 1 (P- value for trend=0.001), in the second model and after adjusting for the level of activity, education, and family history of PCOS along with the first model (P- value for trend 0.003), and finally after additional adjustment for BMI in model 3 (P- value for trend 0.003). Results of present study showed that consuming more pro-inflammatory diets with higher DII scores are associated with increased risk of PCOS.

scholarly journals Multiple vaginal examinations and early neonatal sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Christopher ◽  
Goldy S. J. ◽  
Bewin Oral J. ◽  
Adlin Rose C.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background: Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is caused mainly by organisms present in the genital tract. Maternal risk factors increase the incidence of EONS. This study was done to find out the association between one such risk factor i.e., multiple vaginal examinations and EONS.Methods: Case control study. 114 patients with three or more vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes were taken as cases and 114 patients with less than three vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes were taken as controls. All these babies were followed up for the development of EONS.Results: Of the 114 cases, 6 babies developed EONS. None of the babies in the control group developed EONS. So, 3 or more vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes in labour is significantly associated with early onset neonatal sepsis with p-value of 0.01305.Conclusions: Multiple vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes is a risk factor for early onset neonatal sepsis. 

scholarly journals Anthropometric measurements associated with intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly: a case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-9
Author(s):  
Andy Ardiansyah ◽  
Sugeng Yuwana
Keyword(s):  
Intertrochanteric Fracture ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Intertrochanteric Fractures ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND Femoral intertrochanteric fracture is an important cause of disability in the elderly. Low muscle mass, especially those of the lower limbs, has been associated with osteoporosis and higher fall incidents. This study was aimed to assess the association between the anthropometric indices and intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS This case-control study was performed from September 2013 to July 2015. The criteria of case group were elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures admitted in Dr. Sardjito Hospital within 72 hours after a low energy injury without multiple fractures or pathological fracture. For control group, the subjects were matched according to age and gender without any fracture. Thigh and calf circumferences were done on healthy limbs. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. History of steroid use was obtained. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) was calculated using logistic regression after analyzed with student's t-test or chi-square test. RESULTS There were 82 subjects on each group. Smaller thigh and calf circumferences and also lower BMI were risk factors of intertrochanteric fractures. Thigh circumference <39 cm (aOR 5.12; 95% CI 2.30–11.43; p < 0.001) and calf circumference <29 cm (aOR 9.42; 95% CI 4.14–21.40; p < 0.001) were independently associated with intertrochanteric fracture after adjustment of BMI and steroid use. CONCLUSIONS Calf and thigh circumferences were independently associated with femoral intertrochanteric fractures in Indonesian elderly.

scholarly journals Birth Month And Prevalence Of Atopic Dermatitis In Children Under 3 Years In Antananarivo, Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fandresena Arilala Sendrasoa ◽  
Volatantely Ratovonjanahary ◽  
Mendrika Fifaliana Rakotoarisaona ◽  
Malalaniaina Andrianarison ◽  
Onivola Raharolahy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Month Of Birth ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Several studies have been done to evaluate the relationship between month of birth and atopic diseases but the results are contradictory. So, we aim to evaluate the correlation between the month of birth and the prevalence of AD in Malagasy children less than 3 years.METHODS: A case-control study was conducted based on patients’ data of the department of Dermatology in the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana (UH/JRB) Antananarivo. It included 354 children less than 3 years seen in this department between January 2010 and December 2018. For each AD patient, two age and sex-matched controls without a history of AD were selected from the same period.RESULTS: This study included 118 AD cases and 236 non-AD controls. Our case-control study found that there are no statistically significant correlation between birth month and risk of AD in Malagasy children < 3 years. However, the fewest children with AD were born in February (17.86%, OR: 0.40, CI 95%: 0.11-1.14), and the most were born in August (45.16%, OR: 1,73; CI 95%: 0,75-3,88). Asthma, allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis were significantly correlated with AD in our patients.CONCLUSION: Our case-control study found that there are no statistically significant correlation between birth month and risk of AD in children < 3 years. However, the high frequency of AD in children born in August (dry season) compared to non-AD controls was not negligible (p-value =0,05 and X 2 3,27).

scholarly journals Cephalometric predictors of abnormal sella turcica among individuals with Sheehan Syndrome: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e52210515316
Author(s):  
Adília Mirela Pereira Lima Cid ◽  
Ana Rosa Pinto Quidute ◽  
Manoel Ricardo Alves Martins ◽  
Davi de Sá Cavalcante ◽  
Geibson Góis Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Case Control ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Sheehan Syndrome ◽  
Group 16 ◽  
Control Study

The present study aimed to analyze cephalometric predictors of abnormal sella turcica (ST) in Sheehan Syndrome (SS) patients. An observational case-control study was performed with SS volunteers from the Endocrinology and Diabetology Service of the Walter Cantídio University Hospital (Brazil). The sample was composed of 32 patients allocated in two groups: case group (16 adult women diagnosed with SS) and control group (16 healthy individuals matched by sex and age). Analyzes of the linear dimensions (length, diameter, and depth) of the ST on lateral teleradiographies were made using the Radiocef Studio 2 software. The morphological pattern (anterior oblique wall, double floor contour, bridged, irregularities of the dorsal face, pyramidal) was also assessed. The subjects mean age was 65.47 ± 10.19 years. SS patients had lower mean length (p <0.001), width (p <0.001) and height (p = 0.033) compared to the control group. The presence of morphological alteration of the ST was statistically significant (p = 0.009) compared to the controls. The most frequent morphological changes were irregularities of the dorsal face (37.5%; p = 0.018), oblique anterior wall (12.5%), double floor contour (6.3%), and bridged appearance (6.3%). Our study found smaller dimensions and morphological variations of ST in Brazilian SS individuals, highlighting the importance of ST-related imaging screening.

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