scholarly journals The onset of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Gadsby ◽  
Diana Ivanova ◽  
Emma Trevelyan ◽  
Jane L. Hutton ◽  
Sarah Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Time To Onset

Abstract Background Nausea and vomiting are experienced by most women during pregnancy. The onset is usually related to Last Menstrual Period (LMP) the date of which is often unreliable. This study describes the time to onset of nausea and vomiting symptoms from date of ovulation and compares this to date of last menstrual period Methods Prospective cohort of women seeking to become pregnant, recruited from 12 May 2014 to 25 November 2016, in the United Kingdom. Daily diaries of nausea and vomiting were kept by 256 women who were trying to conceive. The main outcome measure is the number of days from last menstrual period (LMP) or luteinising hormone surge until onset of nausea or vomiting. Results Almost all women (88%) had Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin rise within 8 to 10 days of ovulation; the equivalent interval from LMP was 20 to 30 days. Many (67%) women experience symptoms within 11 to 20 days of ovulation. Conclusions Onset of nausea and vomiting occurs earlier than previously reported and there is a narrow window for onset of symptoms. This indicates that its etiology is associated with a specific developmental stage at the foetal-maternal interface. Trial registration NCT01577147. Date of registration 13 April 2012

scholarly journals The onset of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Gadsby ◽  
Diana Ivanova ◽  
Emma Trevelyan ◽  
Jane Luise Hutton ◽  
Sarah Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Time To Onset

Abstract Background Nausea and vomiting are experienced by most women during pregnancy. The onset is usually related to Last Menstrual Period (LMP) the date of which is often unreliable. This study describes the time to onset of nausea and vomiting symptoms from date of ovulation and compares this to date of last menstrual period Methods Prospective cohort of women seeking to become pregnant, recruited from 12 May 2014 to 25 November 2016, in the United Kingdom. Daily diaries of nausea and vomiting were kept by 256 women who were trying to conceive. The main outcome measure is the number of days from last men­strual period (LMP) or luteinising hormone surge until onset of nausea or vomiting. Results Almost all women (88%) had Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin rise within 8 to 10 days of ovulation; the equivalent interval from LMP was 20 to 30 days. Many (67%) women experience symp­toms within 11 to 20 days of ovulation. Conclusions Onset of nausea and vomiting occurs earlier than previously reported and there is a narrow window for onset of symptoms. This indicates that its etiology is associated with a specific developmental stage at the foetal-maternal interface. Trial registration NCT01577147

scholarly journals The onset of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Gadsby ◽  
Diana Ivanova ◽  
Emma Trevelyan ◽  
Jane Luise Hutton ◽  
Sarah Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Luteinising Hormone ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Time To Onset

Abstract BackgroundNausea and vomiting are experienced by most women during pregnancy. The onset is usually related to Last Menstrual Period (LMP) the date of which is often unreliable. This study describes the time to onset of nausea and vomiting symptoms from date of ovulation and compares this to date of last menstrual periodMethodsProspective cohort of women seeking to become pregnant, recruited from 12 May 2014 to 25 November 2016, in the United Kingdom. Daily diaries of nausea and vomiting were kept by 256 women who were trying to conceive. The main outcome measure is the number of days from last men­strual period (LMP) or luteinising hormone surge until onset of nausea or vomiting.ResultsAlmost all women (88\%) had Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin rise within 8 to 10 days of ovulation; the equivalent interval from LMP was 20 to 30 days. Many (67\%) women experience symp­toms within 11 to 20 days of ovulation.ConclusionsOnset of nausea and vomiting occurs earlier than previously reported and there is a narrow window for onset of symptoms. This indicates that its etiology is associated with a specific developmental stage at the fetal-maternal interface.Trial registrationNCT01577147

scholarly journals Agreement between estimated date of delivery determined by last menstrual period and ultrasound: A prospective cohort of Tanzanian women

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
N. Nielsen Pernille ◽  
Wu Chunsen ◽  
J. Rogathi Jane ◽  
N. Sigalla Geofrey ◽  
Sperling Lene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period

scholarly journals The Effect of Vaccination Rates on the Infection of COVID-19 under the Vaccination Rate below the Herd Immunity Threshold

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7491
Author(s):  
Yi-Tui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Although vaccination is carried out worldwide, the vaccination rate varies greatly. As of 24 May 2021, in some countries, the proportion of the population fully vaccinated against COVID-19 has exceeded 50%, but in many countries, this proportion is still very low, less than 1%. This article aims to explore the impact of vaccination on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the herd immunity of almost all countries in the world has not been reached, several countries were selected as sample cases by employing the following criteria: more than 60 vaccine doses per 100 people and a population of more than one million people. In the end, a total of eight countries/regions were selected, including Israel, the UAE, Chile, the United Kingdom, the United States, Hungary, and Qatar. The results find that vaccination has a major impact on reducing infection rates in all countries. However, the infection rate after vaccination showed two trends. One is an inverted U-shaped trend, and the other is an L-shaped trend. For those countries with an inverted U-shaped trend, the infection rate begins to decline when the vaccination rate reaches 1.46–50.91 doses per 100 people.

Blood, joy and tears: menarche narratives of undergraduate females in a selected in Nigeria Private University

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adenike Adegbayi
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Private University ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Female Relative ◽  
Undergraduate Females ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The aim of the study is to add to the body of knowledge on less researched aspects of female adolescent health in Nigeria. It specifically explored the menarche or first period narratives of 136 young women, focusing on the contents of the discussion that ensued with whom they told when they first got their period using qualitative methodology. It also explores sources of premenstrual information and how the menstrual period is managed. The sample consisted of 136 undergraduate females in Redeemer’s University, Ede, Nigeria. Almost all of the respondents (95%) received information about menstruation from mothers, female relatives and school lessons prior to menarche. The majority of the respondents first told either their mother or a female relative when they first got their period and viewed menarche as a crisis. Two salient themes emerged from the contents of the narratives; celebration and advice. The advice theme was further explored and three advice patterns were identified: being a woman, hygiene and changed dynamics in relationships with males. Data from the present study suggests that only certain aspects of the menstruation discourse have evolved. All respondents reported using sanitary towels during their menstrual period with the majority experiencing cramps regularly and (61%) using pharmalogical agents for remedy. It is envisaged that findings from the study will be useful in future health intervention programmes and research on female adolescent health in Nigeria and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Fetal infection resulting from maternal rubella after the first trimester of pregnancy

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cradock-Watson ◽  
Margaret K. S. Ridehalgh ◽  
Mary J. Anderson ◽  
J. R. Pattison ◽  
H. O. Kangro
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
True Rate ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Prenatal Infection ◽  
Fetal Infection ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Specific Igg

SUMMARYWe have tried to measure the incidence of prenatal infection in 304 infants whose mothers had had rubella at various times after the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Two methods of assessment were used: first, serum obtained soon after birth was tested for specific IgM antibody; secondly, serum obtained after the age of eight months was tested for specific IgG. When maternal rubella occurred 12–16 weeks after the last menstrual period specific IgM antibody was detected in 28 out of 50 infants (56%). The proportion fell progressively to 12% after maternal rubella at 24–28 weeks, rose to 19% after rubella at 28–36 weeks and then to 58% when the illness occurred during the last month of pregnancy. In all, IgM antibody was detected in 77 out of 260 infants (29%). The fetus can thus be infected at any time during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, but the risk varies at different stages.The figures for the prevalence of IgG antibody were greater throughout, because some infants had IgG who had previously lacked specific IgM. After maternal rubella at 12–16 weeks IgG antibody persisted in 22 out of 31 infants (71%). The proportion fell to 28% after rubella at 24–28 weeks and then increased progressively to 94% after rubella during the last month. In all, IgG antibody persisted in 94 out of 190 infants (49%). The true rate of fetal infection probably lies between the rates estimated from the presence of IgM antibody and the subsequent prevalence of IgG.Infants whose mothers had rubella at any time during pregnancy should be examined regularly for possible evidence of damage.

scholarly journals Validity of pre and post-term birth rates based on the date of last menstrual period compared to early obstetric ultrasonography

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nilza Lima Medeiros ◽  
Nádia Carenina Nunes Cavalcante ◽  
Fabrício José Alencar Mesquita ◽  
Rosângela Lucena Fernandes Batista ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Preterm Birth Rate ◽  
Obstetric Ultrasonography

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the last menstrual period (LMP) estimate in determining pre and post-term birth rates, in a prenatal cohort from two Brazilian cities, São Luís and Ribeirão Preto. Pregnant women with a single fetus and less than 20 weeks' gestation by obstetric ultrasonography who received prenatal care in 2010 and 2011 were included. The LMP was obtained on two occasions (at 22-25 weeks gestation and after birth). The sensitivity of LMP obtained prenatally to estimate the preterm birth rate was 65.6% in São Luís and 78.7% in Ribeirão Preto and the positive predictive value was 57.3% in São Luís and 73.3% in Ribeirão Preto. LMP errors in identifying preterm birth were lower in the more developed city, Ribeirão Preto. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of LMP for the estimate of the post-term birth rate was very low and tended to overestimate it. LMP can be used with some errors to identify the preterm birth rate when obstetric ultrasonography is not available, but is not suitable for predicting post-term birth.

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