scholarly journals Prevalence and influencing risk factors of eczema among preschool children in Urumqi city: a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haonan Shi ◽  
Guangsheng Wan ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
Lan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Eczema is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with impaired quality of life. We identified indoor environmental risk factors, to provide strong evidence for the prevention and control of eczema in preschool children. Methods Using a cross-sectional study with stratified random cluster sampling, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey among 8153 parents of children aged 2–8 years in 60 kindergartens in six districts of Urumqi city during August 2019. Results Among 8153 preschool children, 12.0% of the children have been diagnosed with eczema. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that caesarean section (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.36), being an only child (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.18–1.57), presence of mould or moisture in the mother’s home before pregnancy (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.17–2.00), presence of flies or mosquitoes in the dwelling currently (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.10–1.55), pets kept in the child’s home currently (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01–1.51), presence of pets during child’s first year (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14–1.85), and family history of eczema (OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 2.98–4.19) are the risk factors for the development of eczema, whereas ethnicity other than the Han Chinese (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61–0.96) is a protective factor for eczema. Conclusion Preschool children in Urumqi are at a high risk of eczema, particularly those of the Han Chinese ethnicity. Parents should be attentive to the indoor living environment of children and take actions to reduce indoor humidity, pest control and elimination, and avoid raising pets to reduce the risk of development of eczema in children.

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Eczema Among Preschool Children in Urumqi City: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haonan Shi ◽  
Guangsheng Wan ◽  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
Lan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Han Chinese ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: We explored the prevalence of eczema and indoor environmental factors in preschool children in Urumqi, Xinjiang, to provide a strong basis for the prevention and control of preschool eczema. Methods: Using stratified random cluster sampling, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey among 8153 parents of children aged 2–8 years in 60 kindergartens in six districts of Urumqi City during August 2019. Results: For the 8153 preschool children with valid data, the parent-reported prevalence of eczema was 12.0%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.36), being an only child (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.18–1.57), mold or moisture in the mother’s residence before pregnancy (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.17–2.00), flies or mosquitoes in the dwelling currently (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.10–1.55), pets kept in the child’s current residence (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01–1.51), presence of pets when the child is 0–1 year old (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14–1.85), and family history of eczema (OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 2.98–4.19) are risk factors, whereas ethnicity other than Han Chinese (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61–0.96) is a protective factor, for eczema. Conclusion: Preschool children in Urumqi are at a high risk of eczema, especially those of Han Chinese ethnicity. Parents should pay close attention to the indoor living environment of children and must reduce indoor humidity, pay attention to pest control and elimination, and avoid raising pets to reduce the risk of children developing eczema.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Wheezing and Asthma Among Preschool Children in Urumqi City: A Cross-sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Wang ◽  
Haonan Shi ◽  
Guangshen Wan ◽  
Zhuohui Zhao ◽  
Dan Norback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Family History ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Birth Pattern ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background: To investigate the prevalence and indoor environmental influencing factors of wheezing and asthma among preschool children in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China to provide a strong basis for prevention and control. Methods: In August 2019, a cross-sectional epidemiological study involving 8153 preschool children was conducted in 60 kindergartens in Urumqi. The mean age of the children who participated in the survey was 5.27 ± 1.10 years. Additionally, 51.9% were boys, 86.9% were Han Chinese, and an 81.53% survey response rate was observed. The childhood wheeze and asthma survey used was the ALLHOME-2 questionnaire, and the childhood home dwelling and living environment survey used was the DBH questionnaire. Partial adjustments were made according to the geographical environment of Urumqi and the living habits of the residents.Results: The prevalence of wheezing and asthma in children was 4.7% and 2.0%, respectively. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression results suggested that ethnicity (odds ratio (OR)=1.39, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=1.05–1.84), birth pattern (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.00–1.53), family history of asthma (OR=5.00, 95%CI=3.36–7.44), carpet or floor bedding at home (OR=1.40, 95%CI=1.05–1.87), purchasing new furniture in the mother’s residence during pregnancy (OR=1.58,95%CI=1.06–2.36), pet keeping in the residence at age 0–1 (OR=1.55, 95%CI=1.13–2.13), passive smoking in the child's residence (OR=1.35, 95%CI=1.01–1.80), and having mould or hygroma in the child's residence at age 0–1 (OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.12–2.64) were risk factors for wheezing. In addition, sex (OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.59-0.90) was a protective factor for wheezing. Birth pattern (OR=1.46, 95%CI=1.06–2.00), family history of asthma (OR=7.06,95%CI=4.33–11.53), carpet or floor bedding at home (OR=2.20, 95%CI=1.50–3.23), and pet keeping in the residence at age 0–1 (OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.04–1.83) were risk factors for asthma, whereas gender (OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.42–0.80) was a protective factor for asthma. Conclusion: This survey indicates that preschool children in Urumqi have a higher risk of wheezing and asthma. Risk factors that may cause an elevated risk of wheezing or asthma have also been identified.

scholarly journals Acute lower respiratory illness in under-five children in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: prevalence and risk factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1429-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio O. M. Prietsch ◽  
Gilberto B. Fischer ◽  
Juraci A. César ◽  
Berenice S. Lempek ◽  
Luciano V. Barbosa Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Schooling ◽  
The City

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of acute lower respiratory illness and to identify associated factors among children less than five years of age in the city of Rio Grande, southern Brazil. Using a cross-sectional survey, a standardized household questionnaire was applied to mothers or guardians. Information was collected on household conditions, socioeconomic status, and parental smoking. Prenatal care attendance, nutritional status, breastfeeding pattern, and use of health services for the children were also investigated. Data analysis was based on prevalence ratios and logistic regression, using a conceptual framework. Among 771 children studied, 23.9% presented acute lower respiratory illness. The main risk factors were previous episodes of acute lower respiratory infection or wheezing, crowding, maternal schooling less than five years, monthly family income less than US$ 200, four or more people per room, asthma in family members, and maternal smoking. Mothers 30 years or older were identified as a protective factor. These results can help define specific measures to reduce morbidity and mortality due to acute lower respiratory illness in this setting.

Epidemiology ofMycoplasmaacquisition in male HIV-1 infected patients: a multistage cross-sectional survey in Jiangsu, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (15) ◽  
pp. 3327-3334 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-S. CHEN ◽  
J.-R. WU ◽  
B. WANG ◽  
T. YANG ◽  
R. YUAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Hiv Aids

SUMMARYMycoplasmainfections are most frequently associated with disease in the urogenital or respiratory tracts and, in most cases, mycoplasmas infect the host persistently. In HIV-infected individuals the prevalence and role of genital mycoplasmas has not been well studied. To investigate the six species ofMycoplasmaand the risk factors for infection in Jiangsu province, first-void urine and venous blood samples were collected and epidemiological questionnaires were administered after informed consent. A total of 1541 HIV/AIDS patients were recruited in this study. The overall infection rates of sixMycoplasmaspecies were:Ureaplasma urealyticum(26·7%),Mycoplasma hominis(25·3%),M. fermentans(5·1%),M. genitalium(20·1%),M. penetrans(1·6%) andM. pirum(15·4%). TheMycoplasmainfection rate in the unmarried group was lower than that of the married, divorced and widowed groups [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1·432, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·077–1·904,P< 0·05]. The patients who refused highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) had a much higher risk ofMucoplasmainfection (aOR 1·357, 95% CI 1·097–1·679,P< 0·05). Otherwise, a high CD4+T cell count was a protective factor againstMycoplasmainfection (aOR 0·576, 95% CI 0·460–0·719,P< 0·05). Further research will be required to confirm a causal relationship and to identify risk factors forMycoplasmainfection in HIV/AIDS populations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension Among Adults living in the City of Bandundu, Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo. A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Mukoso ◽  
Aliocha Nkodila ◽  
François Lepira ◽  
Pascal Bayauli ◽  
Yves Lubenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background and aim: In limited resource settings, reliable epidemiological data generated from hypertension high risk geographical areas or people is a prerequisite for the planning of proven and effective interventions. The aim of the present survey was to assess the prevalence, awareness, control and factors associated with hypertension in adults living in the port City of Bandundu, located in the southwestern part of DRC.Methods: a cross-sectional survey using a modified WHO STEPwise questionnaire for data collection during face-to face interviews was conducted from 1st May to 30th October 2018. A multistage cluster sampling method was used and inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and informed consent. Information on demographic parameters, behavioral lifestyles, anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) measurements was obtained. Hypertension was defined as an average of two BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or self-reported history of antihypertensive medication use. Independent factors associated with hypertension were identified using logistic regression analysis. P<0.05 defined the level of statistical significance. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 34,5% (Women 36,6 %). Older age (p<0.001), subclinical atherosclerosis (p= 0.021), sleep duration <8 hours (p<0.002), diabetes mellitus (p<0.001), and obesity (p= 0.009) emerged as main cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension.Conclusion: Hypertension was characterized by a high prevalence, low rate of awareness and suboptimal BP control, high cardiovascular risk and associated sleep duration and obesity as modifiable risk factors.

Risk Factors for Illicit Drug Use Among Malaysian Male Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 48S-56S
Author(s):  
Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani ◽  
Jane Ling Miaw Yn ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes ◽  
Rushidi Ramly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of illicit drug use and its associated factors among male adolescents in Malaysia. Data of 13 135 adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2017, a cross-sectional survey among school-going adolescents in Malaysia aged between 13 and 17 years, using a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling. A complex sample design analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied. The overall prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among male adolescents was 6.6%. The multivariable model showed that illicit drug use among male adolescents were associated with younger age, rural school area, marital status of parent, current smoker, ever having sex, truancy, involved in physical fight, and lack of peer support. The findings from this study can assist community and relevant authorities in their efforts to combat illicit drug usage among adolescents using intervention programs that diminishes risk factors and enhances the protective factors.

scholarly journals Social and Psychological Predictors of Initial Cigarette Smoking Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walieh Menati ◽  
Milad Nazarzadeh ◽  
Zeinab Bidel ◽  
Morten Würtz ◽  
Rostam Menati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Psychological Risk ◽  
The City

Knowledge about social and psychological risk factors for initial cigarette smoking experience (ICSE) is sparse. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of ICSE and to examine the psychological and social factors related to ICSE. In a cross-sectional survey, 1,511 male college students were recruited using multistage sampling techniques from four universities located within the city of Ilam, Iran. Self-administered multiple-choice questionnaires were distributed to students from March to June 2013. Risk factors for ICSE were evaluated using logistic regression models. Participants were 22.3 ± 2.4 years of age. ICSE prevalence was 30.6%. In multivariable adjusted analysis, risk taking behavior (odds ratio [OR] = 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11-2.33), perceived peer smoking prevalence (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.03-5.97), positive thoughts about smoking (OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02-1.10), high self-efficacy ( OR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.93, 0.98]), presence in smokers’ gathering (OR = 4.45; 95% CI = 2.88-6.81), comity of smokers (OR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.66, 3.92), very hard access to cigarettes (OR = 2.20; 95% CI = 1.16-4.16), close friends’ medium reaction toward smoking (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.02-1.88), and sporting activity (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.56-0.98) were significantly associated with ICSE. This study identified that a combination of psychological and social variables account for up to 78% of the probability of ICSE. The most important protective factor against ICSE was physical activity, whereas the most important risk factor for ICSE was frequent gathering in the presence of smokers.

scholarly journals Exposure to Messages on Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases in a Rural Province of Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bich Diep Pham ◽  
Bao Giang Kim ◽  
Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen ◽  
Van Minh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Providing messages on risk factors for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) plays an important role in preventing disease. Objectives. This study investigated how often adults living in a rural area in northern Vietnam heard about risks factor for NCD and where they obtained that information. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multistage stratified cluster sampling to recruit 2970 participants. Data analyses were adjusted for all variables in a two-level multilevel Poisson regression model. Results. Overall, 77% of respondents had heard about NCDs, while 38.3 to 50% had been exposed to messages on risk factors of NCDs in the last month. Television, radio, and friends/neighbors were the most common sources of information. Most people exposed information no more than one or two sources. Factors associated with exposure to messages about risk were occupation, age group, education, and economic status. Conclusion. Intervention programs should focus on providing information primarily through television, considering influencing factors as well ensuring that messages reach target audiences.

scholarly journals Caries Prevalence Evolution and Risk Factors among Schoolchildren and Adolescents from Valencia (Spain): Trends 1998–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6561
Author(s):  
Teresa Almerich-Torres ◽  
José María Montiel-Company ◽  
Carlos Bellot-Arcís ◽  
José Enrique Iranzo-Cortés ◽  
José Carmelo Ortolá-Siscar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Deciduous Dentition ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Icdas Ii

The aim of this study was to determine the caries status and risk factors in the schoolchildren of Spain’s Valencia region in 2018 and to compare them to the 20-year evolution of caries indicators in the region. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1722 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 15 using cluster sampling. Caries status, using International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II) criteria, and sociodemographic variables were recorded. To ensure the comparison with previous studies using WHO caries criteria, the cut-off point was established at ICDAS II code 4. Caries prevalence was found to be 37.4% and the decayed and filled teeth index (dft) was 1.23 at 6 years for deciduous dentition (DD). In permanent dentition (PD) at 12 years, caries prevalence was 30.1% with a 0.66 decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT), and at 15 years, prevalence was 44.6% and DMFT was 1.21. Socioeconomic status poses a major risk factor for caries prevalence in deciduous dentition; it is 1.8 times higher in the lowest socioeconomic group. Deciduous dentition status has worsened in the most recent eight-year period, whereas in permanent dentition the 12- and 15-year values are similar to those of the 2010 survey. Evolution analysis suggests that community dental care programs be enhanced, involving preventive activities staring at the first year and targeting disadvantaged groups.

scholarly journals Analysis of risk-factors associated with diarrhea prevalence among underfive children in Galkayo District Puntland State, Somalia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustaf A. Isack ◽  
Juma J. Nyamai ◽  
Atei Kerochi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diarrhea Prevalence

Background: The study analysed risk factors associated with diarrhea prevalence among underfive children in Galkayo District Puntland State, Somalia.Methods: The study used analytical cross-sectional survey conducted in Galkayo, from February to March 2020. The inclusion criteria were caregivers with underfive children, and exclusion criteria were children over five years, caregivers who have no underfive children and children with chronic diarrhea. Sample of 385 was calculated using Yamane formula. Caregivers were randomly selected using simple random sampling after cluster sampling. The researcher administered structured questionnaires, collected data from eligible caregivers using interview guide and elicited on diarrhea perceptions. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS, qualitative data was identified common and sub-themes.Results: The study found diarrhea was affecting 30% of underfive children. The presence of two under-fives in the household was associated with high diarrhea prevalence [OR=1.93, 95% CI= (1.21, 3.08)]. Low educational level of underfive caregivers were associated with high diarrhea occurrence [OR=1.36, 95% CI= (0.68, 2.66)]. Households headed by non-biological mothers, diarrhea prevalence was high [OR=0.06, 95% CI= (0.00, 0.50) and OR=0.17, 95% CI= (0.03, 0.79)] respectively. Those children under the care of employed caregivers, diarrhea occurrence was high [OR=2.41 (0.99, 5.80)]. Poor personal hygiene (32%), sanitation (28%), and water quality (28%) were attributed to the cause of diarrhea among children.Conclusions: The study recommends, practice of child spacing, improve caregivers’ basic education to better understand risk factors and seek treatment, establish routine water quality surveillance at source and at household level, conduct awareness behaviour change by promotion of handwashing.

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