scholarly journals Network analysis of the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms in the left-behind children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuiliang Li ◽  
Yu Guang ◽  
Lei Ren ◽  
Xiaoqing Zhan ◽  
Xuejiao Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background There are 68.77 million left-behind children in China, who are at a great risk of depression associated with negative life events. Our study aims to investigate the most central symptoms of depression in left-behind children and the relationship between depressive symptoms and negative life events using network analysis. Method A cross-sectional data set (N = 7255) was used, which included children and adolescents aged 7 to 17. Network analysis was used to evaluate: 1) the most central symptoms among the items included in Child Depression Inventory (CDI) of the left-behind children; 2) bridge symptoms between depressive disorder and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) of the left-behind children; 3) differences in networks of depressive disorders between left-behind and non-left-behind children, and 4) differences in the network of depression and negative life events between left-behind and non-left-behind children. The stability and centrality indices of the network were also evaluated in the study. Results The most central symptoms in the CDI among the left-behind children included self-hatred, crying, fatigue, and sadness. The items with the highest bridge strength centrality in the CDI-ASLEC network included academic stress, discrimination, and school performance decrement. Higher bridge strength values indicate a greater risk of contagion to other communities. The connections in the CDI-ASLEC network are denser in the left-behind children than in non-left-behind children. Limitations The study which was conducted based on cross-sectional data shows that network analysis can only make undirected estimation, but not causal inferences. Conclusions We identified the core symptoms of depression and the bridge symptoms between negative life events and depression in the left-behind children. These findings suggest that more attention should be paid to self-hatred, sadness, and fatigue in the treatment of depression in left-behind children. Intervention for academic stress and discrimination of the left-behind children may help to reduce the contagion of negative life events to depression symptoms.

Expanding our understanding of the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms in black and white adolescent girls

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1319-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEBRA L. FRANKO ◽  
RUTH H. STRIEGEL-MOORE ◽  
KATHLEEN M. BROWN ◽  
BRUCE A. BARTON ◽  
ROBERT P. McMAHON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
White Female ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Little is known about the extent to which negative life events predict depressive symptoms in ethnically diverse groups or whether this relationship is proximal or enduring.Method. The relationship between negative life events in adolescence and depressive symptoms in young adulthood was studied in a sample of over 1300 black and white female adolescents. Five domains of life events were assessed at age 16 years and depressive symptoms were measured at age 18 and again at age 21 years. Questions of interest included whether the association continued over time and whether there were specific domains of life events that predicted symptoms better than others.Results. The total number of negative life events at time 1 predicted depressive symptoms at both time 2 and time 3. Interpersonal loss events and other adversities, however, predicted depressive symptoms only at time 2, whereas at time 3, only interpersonal trauma was a significant predictor. No ethnic differences were found, indicating that the relationship between life events and depressive symptoms appears to be similar for black and white adolescent girls.Conclusions. The results suggest that negative life events and some specific type of stressors increase the likelihood of the onset of depression symptoms in future years, for both black and white girls. Early preventive efforts should be directed at adolescents who experience loss due to death of a significant other, traumatic events, and psychosocial adversities to forestall the development of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and negative life events: What psycho-social factors protect or harm left-behind children in China?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Guang ◽  
Zhengzhi Feng ◽  
Guoyu Yang ◽  
Yaling Yang ◽  
Lifei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Left Behind

scholarly journals Feelings of Worthlessness Links Depressive Symptoms and Parental Stress: A Network Analysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Skjerdingstad ◽  
Miriam S. Johnson ◽  
Sverre Urnes Johnson ◽  
Asle Hoffart ◽  
Omid V. Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Health State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Influential Node

The prevalent co-occurrence between parental stress and depression has been previously established prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. However, no studies to date have identified the connections through which these symptom domains interact with each other to emerge into a complex and detrimental mental health state, along with the plausible mechanistic variables that may play key roles in maintaining parental stress and depression. The aim of this research is to uncover these interactions in a period where parents experience heighted demands and stress as a consequence of the strict social distancing protocols. Network analysis is utilized to examine parental stress and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cross-sectional study (N = 2868) of parents. Two graphical Gaussian graphical network models were estimated, one in which only parental stress and depression symptoms were included, and another in which several mechanistic variables were added. Expected influence and bridge expected influence revealed that feeling worthless was the most influential node in the symptoms network and bridged the two psychological states. Among the mechanistic variables, worry and rumination was specifically relevant in the depressive cluster of symptoms, and self-criticism was connected to both constructs. The study display that the co-occurrence of parental stress and depression have specific pathways, were manifested through feelings of worthlessness, and have specific patterns of connection to important mechanisms of psychopathology. The results are of utility when aiming to avoid the constellation of co-occurring parental stress and depressive symptoms during the pandemic.

The Relationship of Sociotropy and Autonomy to Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Fresco ◽  
William S. Sampson ◽  
Linda W. Craighead ◽  
Ashton N. Koons
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prospective Design ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sociotropy And Autonomy ◽  
The Relationship

Beck (1983) hypothesized that excessive interpersonal (sociotropy) and achievement (autonomy) concerns represent vulnerabilities to depression when congruent negative life events occur and that these personality constructs relate differentially to specific depressive symptoms. Recent research suggests that sociotropy relates to both depression and anxiety symptoms while autonomy may be specifically related to depression symptoms. This study employed a longitudinal, prospective design with a sample of 78 undergraduates to test aspects of Beck’s (1983) hypotheses. Sociotropy correlated with anxiety symptoms while autonomy correlated with depression symptoms. Additionally, sociotropy moderated the relationship of life stress to depression symptoms for both negative interpersonal and achievement stress while autonomy moderated the relationship of life stress to depression symptoms for negative interpersonal events only. Finally, sociotropy and autonomy also moderated the relationship between life stress and anxiety symptoms in a pattern that was different from the pattern with depression symptoms. Findings from the present study add to a growing body of empirical evidence that sociotropy and autonomy relate to depression and introduce evidence indicating how these constructs may relate to anxiety.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Prevalence of Depression Symptoms in Caregivers of Patients Undergoing Palliative Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Adol ◽  
Ann A Obondo ◽  
Pius Kigamwa
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spousal Caregivers ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Taking Care

Family role in taking care of patients undergoing palliative care leads to complex, multidimensional responsibility which may have consequences to the mental health of primary caregivers. Studies have shown that 40 to 70 percent of caregivers experience symptoms of depression. The general objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and prevalence of depressive symptoms among caregivers of patients in palliative care. The population comprised of caregivers of patients undergoing palliative care at the Kenyatta National Hospital. A cross-sectional study was used where questionnaires were administered using Beck‘s Depression Inventory and a researcher designed socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire for the caregivers. The results showed that 62.7% of the caregivers presented with symptoms of depression. This is four times higher as compared to the general population. The severity of the depressive symptoms ranged from mild to severe with the majority experiencing symptoms of severe depression. Spousal caregivers had the highest prevalence of depressive symptoms followed by those who were taking care of their children. The recommendations include having healthcare providers do routine screening for depression in family caregivers and not just on patients alone.

scholarly journals Frequency and network analysis of depressive symptoms in patients with cancer compared to the general population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Julian Hartung ◽  
Eiko I Fried ◽  
Anja Mehnert ◽  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Sigrun Vehling
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Edge Weight ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer

Background: The use of sum scores of depressive symptoms has been increasingly criticized and may be particularly problematic in oncological settings. Frameworks analyzing individual symptoms and their interrelationships such as network analysis represent an emerging alternative. Methods: We aimed to assess frequencies and interrelationships of 9 DSM-5 symptom criteria of major depression reported in the PHQ-9 questionnaire by 4,020 patients with cancer and 4,020 controls from the general population. We estimated unregularized Gaussian graphical models for both samples and compared network structures as well as predictability and centrality of individual symptoms.Results: Depressive symptoms were more frequent, but less strongly intercorrelated in patients with cancer than in the general population. The overall network structure differed significantly between samples (correlation of adjacency matrices: rho=0.73, largest between-group difference in any edge weight: 0.20, p < 0.0001). Post-hoc tests showed significant differences in interrelationships for four symptom pairs. The mean variance of symptoms explained by all other symptoms in the same network was lower among cancer patients than in the general population (29% vs. 43%).Limitations: Cross-sectional data do not allow for temporal or causal inferences about the directions of associations and results from population-based samples may not apply to clinical psychiatric populations.Conclusions: In patients with cancer, both somatic and cognitive/affective depression symptoms are less likely to be explained by other depressive symptoms than in the general population. Rather than assuming a consistent depression construct, future research should study individual depressive symptom patterns and their potential causes in patients with cancer.

scholarly journals Waterpipe and cigarette tobacco smoking and depressive symptoms among public school students in central Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukaina Alzyoud ◽  
Farah Massoud
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeTobacco is the most widely used substance in the world that has been linked to several psychological problems. Few studies have assessed the relationship between dual (waterpipe and cigarette) tobacco smoking. This study aims to examine the relationship between dual tobacco use and symptoms of depression amongst its users.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study using a random sample of school students was conducted to assess youth tobacco smoking in the central region of Jordan. A self-reported questionnaire including biographical information, smoking status and experience of depression symptoms was used with a sample of 9th to 12th-grade students. χ2 and regression test were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe final sample comprised 576 school students, of whom 60% were males. The age range was between 16 and 18 years (mean = 15.84 years, SD ± 0.97). 30% of the participants were dual tobacco smokers. A significant difference was found between males and females, with males being more likely to be dual tobacco smokers compared to females. Two depressive symptoms (“feeling sad” and “having crying spells”) had a significant likelihood amongst the youth who were dual smokers.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that aims to report the relationship between dual tobacco smoking and depressive symptoms. Prevention programs are crucial for raising awareness of the harmful effects of dual tobacco smoking and smoking cessation amongst the youth

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