scholarly journals Trends in overweight and obesity by socioeconomic status in Year 6 school children, Australian Capital Territory, 2006–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongjian Yang ◽  
Hai Phung ◽  
Ann-Maree Hughes ◽  
Sommer Sherwood ◽  
Emily Harper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Australian Capital

Abstract Background Due to the high prevalence and adverse consequences, overweight and obesity in children continues to be a major public health concern worldwide. Socioeconomic background and health-related behaviours (such as diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviors) are important factors associated with weight status in children. Using a series of height and weight assessments from the Australian Capital Territory Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey (ACTPANS), trends in prevalence of overweight and obesity by socioeconomic status were examined in ACT Year 6 school children between 2006 and 2018. Methods The ACTPANS has been conducted every 3 years since 2006. A total of 6729 children were surveyed. Complete data on height and weight were available for 6384 (94.9%) participants. Trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and associations between weight status and risk factors (such as socioeconomic status, physical activity, screen time and consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks (SSD)) were examined using logistic regression. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity remained stable in girls (from 22.5% in 2006 to 21.6% in 2018) but declined in boys (from 27.8 to 17.9%). During the same period, levels of physical activity increased slightly, while screen time and the consumption of fast food and SSD decreased. Socioeconomic gradient, based on the school-level Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage (ICSEA), was highly associated with prevalence of overweight and obesity. Since 2006, the estimated prevalence of overweight and obesity has remained high in the lowest SES groups, but a concurrent downward trend was observed in the highest SES group, leading to increasing disparity between SES groups. Children in the lowest ICSEA quintile were more likely to be overweight or obese compared to those in the moderate and highest ICSEA quintiles. Children in lower ICSEA quintiles also reported lower levels of physical activity, higher levels of screen time, and higher levels of fast food and SSD consumption compared to those in higher ICSEA quintiles. Conclusions While recent trends in overweight and obesity in ACT children are encouraging, the prevalence remains unacceptably high, especially in those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Additional prevention efforts are required to address the socioeconomic disparity.

Weight status, dietary habits, physical activity, screen time and sleep duration among university students

2020 ◽  
pp. 026010602096086
Author(s):  
Souad Benaich ◽  
Slimane Mehdad ◽  
Zineb Andaloussi ◽  
Saber Boutayeb ◽  
Meryem Alamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: University life is a crucial period when dietary habits and lifestyle behaviours are formed and may have long-lasting effects on the development of obesity and related chronic diseases. Aim: To investigate the association of overweight/obesity with dietary habits, physical activity, screen time and sleep duration among university students. Methods: A total of 438 students aged 18–26 years were recruited from Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco. Anthropometric measurements were assessed using standardized equipment. Data regarding dietary habits, physical and sedentary activities were collected via a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 14.8% and 1.6%, respectively. Students who reported frequent consumption (>3 times/week) of fast food, fried potatoes and sugary drinks were more likely to be overweight/obese than peers who did not. Similarly, odds of being overweight/obese were slightly higher among females who reported non-daily intake of fruits and milk or dairy products and among males who ate vegetables less frequently (<7 times/week). Approximately 26% of students were physically inactive, with a higher proportion of females (35.8%) than males (10.7%). Both short and long sleep durations were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity in males. In contrast, physical inactivity and increased screen time were associated with a slightly reduced risk of overweight/obesity, particularly in females. Conclusions: Overall, unhealthy dietary habits were associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity. A similar trend was also observed between abnormal sleep duration and overweight/obesity in males. Interventions to promote healthy dietary and lifestyle habits and prevent overweight/obesity in this population are needed.

Level of physical activity and obesity among the adolescent school children in Bhaktapur: A cross-sectional pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayan Kamal Sainju ◽  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Anira Vaidya ◽  
Sunil Kumar Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Physical activity is crucial for overall health and well-being of an individual. As childhood obesity has emerged as a serious public health concern, physical activity is a proven tool for prevention and treatment of this type of obesity. As lifestyle and behavior pattern is formed at the adolescence age, it is essential that healthy lifestyle and good food habit should start at this age. Hence, we aimed to fi nd the level of physical activity and obesity among the adolescent school children in this study.Objectives: The objective of the study was to fi nd the level of physical activity and obesity among the adolescent school children in a Bhaktapur school.Method: This is a cross sectional pilot study conducted in October 2015 at a private school in Bhaktapur, Nepal. A total of 83 students studying in class eight, nine and ten were included in the study. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used, height and weight were measured and a BMI index for age percentile growth chart was used to interpret the Basal Metabolic Index of the participants.Result: Out of the total 83 respondents, 31.3% of the respondents performed physical activity for at least 60 minutes a day for more than three days per week and 37.3% participants performed the same for less than three days per week. Twelve percent of the total participants were either overweight or obese.Conclusion: The amount of physical activity in majority of the students is not adequate. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescence is high. Sedentary life style, increasing trends of indoor game and consumption of junk food are responsible for increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in the adolescence. Journal of Kathmandu Medical CollegeVol. 5, No. 2, Issue 16, Apr.-Jun., 2016, page: 65-70

scholarly journals Association between Compliance with Movement Behavior Guidelines and Obesity among Malaysian Preschoolers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4611
Author(s):  
Shoo Thien Lee ◽  
Jyh Eiin Wong ◽  
Geraldine K. L. Chan ◽  
Bee Koon Poh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

A daily balance of physical activities, sedentary behaviors and sleep are important for maintaining the health of young children. The aim of this study is to explore the association between 24-h movement behavior of Malaysian children aged 4 to 6 years with weight status. A total of 230 preschoolers were recruited from 22 kindergartens in Kuala Lumpur. Physical activity was assessed by Actical accelerometer while screen time and sleep duration were proxy-reported by parents. Children spent on average 5.5 ± 1.3 h on total physical activity (including 1.0 ± 0.4 h of moderate- vigorous physical activity), 3.0 ± 1.6 h on screen activities and 9.5 ± 1.3 h sleeping daily. The proportion of children who complied with physical activity and sleep guidelines were 48.7% and 55.2%, respectively. About 25.2% of children met screen time recommendation. Only 6.5% of children met all three age-specific physical activity, screen time and sleep guidelines. Children who met any two guidelines were less likely to be overweight or obesity compared to those who did not meet any of the guidelines (OR: 0.276; 95% CI: 0.080–0.950). In conclusion, Malaysian preschoolers have low compliance to movement behavior guidelines, especially in meeting screen time recommendations. Compliance to movement behavior guidelines was associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Dietary and Activity Factors Influence Poor Sleep and the Sleep-Obesity Nexus among Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Morrissey ◽  
Steven Allender ◽  
Claudia Strugnell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Behavioral Factors

Background: Behavioral factors such as physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet have previously been found to be key modifiable determinants of childhood overweight and obesity, yet require further investigation to provide an understanding of their potential influence on sleep outcomes along with the sleep-obesity nexus. Methods: The study included 2253 students (ages 8.8–13.5) from two monitoring studies across regional Victoria. Students completed a self-report electronic questionnaire on demographic characteristics, health behaviors (including sleep, physical activity, screen time and diet) and well-being, and were invited to have anthropometric measurements (height and weight) taken. Regression models were used to assess the associations between sleep, behavioral factors and BMI z-scores. Results: Screen time (particularly in bed) and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption were shown to increase the likelihood of having more than three sleep problems, while physical activity and other dietary factors were not. After controlling for these behaviors, significance remained for having two or more than three sleep problems and an increased odds of overweight/obesity. Conclusions: This study highlights how the usage of screen devices and SSB consumption behaviors might influence children’s weight status via the sleep-obesity nexus.

scholarly journals Do physical activity and screen time mediate the association between European fathers’ and their children’s weight status? Cross-sectional data from the Feel4Diabetes-study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Latomme ◽  
◽  
Nele Huys ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Philip J. Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

Abstract Background Most research on parenting and childhood obesity and obesity-related behaviours has focused on mothers while fathers have been underrepresented. Yet, recent literature has suggested that fathers uniquely influence their children’s lifestyle behaviours, and hence could also affect their weight status, but this has not yet been scientifically proven. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine whether the association between fathers’ weight status and their children’s weight status is mediated by fathers’ and children’s movement behaviours (i.e. physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)). Methods Cross-sectional data of 899 European fathers and their children were analyzed. Fathers/male caregivers (mean age = 43.79 ± 5.92 years, mean BMI = 27.08 ± 3.95) completed a questionnaire assessing their own and their children’s (mean age = 8.19 ± 0.99 years, 50.90% boys, mean BMIzscore = 0.44 ± 1.07) movement behaviours. Body Mass Index (BMI, in kg/m2) was calculated based on self-reported (fathers) and objectively measured (children) height and weight. For children, BMI z-scores (SD scores) were calculated to obtain an optimal measure for their weight status. Serial mediation analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 25.0 Statistics for Windows to test whether the association between fathers’ BMI and children’s BMI is mediated by fathers’ PA and children’s PA (model 1) and fathers’ ST and children’s ST (model 2), respectively. Results The present study showed a (partial) mediation effect of fathers’ PA and children’s PA (but not father’s ST and children’s ST) on the association between fathers’ BMI and children’s BMI (model for PA; coefficient: 0.001, 95% CI: [0.0001, 0.002]; model for ST; coefficient: 0.001, 95% CI: [0.000, 0.002]). Furthermore, fathers’ movement behaviours (PA and ST) were positively associated with their children’s movement behaviours (PA and ST) (model for PA, coefficient: 0.281, SE: 0.023, p < 0.001; model for ST, coefficient: 0.345, SE: 0.025, p < 0.001). Conclusions These findings indicate that the influence of fathers on their children’s weight status partially occurs through the association between fathers’ PA and children’s PA (but not their ST). As such, intervening by focusing on PA of fathers but preferably of both members of the father-child dyad (e.g. engaging fathers and their children in co-PA) might be a novel and potentially effective strategy for interventions aiming to prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Longitudinal studies or intervention studies confirming these findings are however warranted to make meaningful recommendations for health intervention and policy. Trial registration The Feel4Diabetes-study is registered with the clinical trials registry http://clinicaltrials.gov, ID: 643708.

scholarly journals Association between Physician-Diagnosed Asthma and Weight Status among Chinese Children: The Roles of Lifestyle Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Lai ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Xia Zeng ◽  
Weiqing Tan ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Increased Risk

Childhood asthma and obesity have posed a parallel epidemic over the past few decades. However, whether asthma diagnosis is associated with obesity, and what the roles of lifestyle factors play in this relationship, remained unclarified. This study aimed to investigate the association between asthma and weight status in Chinese children and explore the potential mediating and/or modifying roles of lifestyle factors in the association. In this cross-sectional study, 16,837 children aged 6–12 years were recruited from Guangzhou, China. Participants’ information on physician-diagnosed asthma was collected from parents, and data on physical activity, screen time, and sleeping were reported in a validated questionnaire. Height and weight were objectively measured, and weight status was classified by body mass index (BMI). Multiple logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were used. Results showed that asthmatic children were at significantly higher risk of obesity (odds ratio (OR) 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03, 2.21) compared with non-asthmatic children. More importantly, this increased risk was even greater in children with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity <60 min/d and children with screen time >2 h/d (both Pinteraction < 0.05). Also, a positive relationship of asthma with overweight was found in children with screen time >2 h/d (OR 3.92, 95% CI 1.56, 9.88), while a negative association was observed between asthma and underweight in children aged 9–12 years (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.06, 0.92). Mediation analysis indicated that these associations were not mediated by physical activity, screen time, or sleeping. The findings suggested that physician-diagnosed asthma was associated with higher risks of overweight and obesity, and these risks might be exacerbated by insufficient physical activity and prolonged screen time.

scholarly journals 1500Determinants of dietary behaviour and physical activity in Australian adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Marjanovic ◽  
Sithum Munasinghe ◽  
Sandro Sperandei ◽  
Hir Jani ◽  
Elizabeth Conroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

Abstract Background The increased prevalence of obesity, unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyles among Australian adolescents has become a public health concern. This study investigated the associations between socio-economic status, screen-time, social networks, sleep, and wellbeing and subsequent health behaviours. Methods A cohort of 582 adolescents aged 13-19 years from Sydney were prospectively followed for 22-weeks (8 November 2019 – 19 April 2020). Study factors were collected via mobile phone app using weekly ecological momentary assessments (EMAs). Multi-level mixed effects logistic regression model assessed associations between baseline characteristics of participants, socio-economic status, screen-time, sleep, and wellbeing and subsequent dietary behaviour and physical activity. Results TV watching (odds ratio [OR]=1.22, 95% CI: 0.98-1.5), social media and internet use (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.97-1.53) were associated with fast food consumption. Participants who spent more than four hours a day on social media were also less likely to be physically active for ³60 minutes (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.6-0.94). Fast food consumption was associated with lower vegetable (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43-0.85) and fruit intake (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-1.01), and was also more prevalent in participants with a job (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.09-1.86). There was no substantial effect of psychological distress, positive emotions, social relationships and sleep on any health behaviour. Conclusions The present study has shown that lifestyle behaviours had a stronger effect on dietary behaviour and physical activity than some of the socio-demographic factors. Key messages Future studies with a balanced sample in terms of sex, age and cultural background are needed.

Overweight or obesity and related lifestyle and psychosocial factors among adolescents in Brunei Darussalam

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
International Child ◽  
Bullying Victimisation ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract This study aimed to assess overweight and obesity and associated factors in school-going adolescents in Brunei Darussalam. The sample included 2599 school-going adolescents that responded to the Global School-based Student Health Survey (mean age 14.7 years, SD = 1.4). Body weight status was assessed based on self-reported height and weight and the international child body mass index standards. The relationship between lifestyle factors, including physical activity and dietary behaviour, and overweight or obesity were assessed using logistic regression analyses. Results indicate a prevalence of overweight or obesity of 35.1% and obesity of 17.3%. In multivariable regression analysis, bullying victimisation was positively and frequent fast food consumption, having experienced hunger and meeting physical activity recommendations were negatively associated with overweight or obesity. High prevalence rates of overweight or obesity were found and several risk factors identified, which can assist in guiding interventions.

scholarly journals Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors with Dietary Behaviors among US High School Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Lowry ◽  
Shannon Michael ◽  
Zewditu Demissie ◽  
Laura Kann ◽  
Deborah A. Galuska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
School Students

Background. Physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors, and dietary behaviors are each associated with overweight and obesity among youth. However, the associations of PA and sedentary behaviors with dietary behaviors are complex and not well understood.Purpose. To describe the associations of PA and sedentary behaviors with dietary behaviors among a representative sample of US high school students.Methods. We analyzed data from the 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (NYPANS). Using logistic regression models which controlled for sex, race/ethnicity, grade, body weight status, and weight management goals, we compared dietary behaviors among students who did and did not meet national recommendations for PA and sedentary behaviors.Results. Students who participated in recommended levels of daily PA (DPA) and muscle strengthening PA (MSPA) were more likely than those who did not to eat fruits and vegetables. Students who exceeded recommended limits for television (TV) and computer/video game (C/VG) screen time were less likely than those who did not to consume fruits and vegetables and were more likely to consume fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages.Conclusions. Researchers may want to address PA, sedentary behaviors, and dietary behaviors jointly when developing health promotion and obesity prevention programs for youth.

scholarly journals Influence of dietary and activity patterns on weight status of Ukrainian school aged children

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna Pavlyshyn ◽  
Kateryna Kozak ◽  
Victoriya Furdela ◽  
Tetiana Kovalchuk ◽  
Nataliia Luchyshyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

AbstractObjectivesDietary patterns and physical activity have significant influence on weight status. Despite numerous studies related to this topic, there is no existing research which provides complete population-based studies that identify the most significant predictors of pediatric obesity. Therefore, it has become the major goal of our study.Subjects and methodsThree hundred school students between 10 and 17 years of age were participating in our study. All of them are currently attending various schools in city of Ternopil, Ukraine. Anthropometric measurements were performed for all participants. Information about food consumption and physical activity was obtained from distributed questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors of obesity.ResultsLack of physical activity during week (OR=2.59 [95% CI 1.10–6.08]), long screen time in weekdays (OR=2.94 [95% CI 1.13–7.69]) and weekends (OR=3.63 [95% CI 1.55–8.50]), frequent consumption (OR=2.60 [95% CI 1.30–5.19]) and high amounts (OR=2.52 [95% CI 1.26–5.05]) of sweet beverages, fast-food consumption (OR=30.97 [95% CI 1.46–657.60]) and overeating (OR=3.99 [95% CI 1.26–5.05]) have increased chance to be overweight in children 10–17 years of age (p<0.05).ConclusionDecreased frequency in moderate physical activity per week, increased amount of sugar-sweetened beverages, fast-food consumption per day and food consumption without hunger, appear to be the most significant predictors of overweight and obesity among Ukrainian school-aged children.

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