scholarly journals Contextual factors of self-regulation in children and adolescents with chronic diseases – a qualitative analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Höhn ◽  
Gloria Metzner ◽  
Edith Waldeck ◽  
Manuela Glattacker
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Treatment Representations

Abstract Background In recent decades, the prevalence of chronic diseases in children and adolescents has increased significantly. Contextual factors play a central role in the self-regulation of chronic diseases. They influence illness and treatment representations, disease management, and health outcomes. While previous studies have investigated the influence of contextual factors on children’s beliefs about their illness, little is known about subjective contextual factors of treatment representations of children and adolescents with chronic diseases, especially in the context of rehabilitation. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative analysis was to examine the contextual factors reported by chronically ill children and adolescents in relation to their treatment representations. Furthermore, we aimed to assign the identified themes to classifications of environmental and personal contextual factors in the context of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods Between July and September 2018, semi-structured interviews were conducted with N = 13 children and adolescents in rehabilitation to explore their rehab-related treatment representations and associated contextual factors. The interviews started with an open narrative question about expectations and beliefs about rehabilitation, followed by further detailed questions. The interviews were recorded on audio tape, transcribed, and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results Participants raised six themes associated with their rehab-related treatment representations that were interpreted as contextual factors: the living situation before rehabilitation, the idea of rehabilitation, previous solution attempts, rehab pre-experiences, information that the children and adolescents received from the clinic or sought themselves, and the assumed attitudes of their parents concerning rehabilitation. All the themes could be assigned to the classification of environmental and personal factors in the context of the ICF for children and youth. Conclusions Although contextual factors have an important impact on self-regulation, little attention is paid to their investigation. Personal and environmental factors probably influence patients’ treatment representations in terms of expectations and concerns as well as emotions regarding the treatment. Considering contextual factors could lead to the more appropriate allocation of medical care and the better customisation of treatment.

scholarly journals Contextual factors of self-regulation in adolescent medical rehabilitation patients—a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Höhn ◽  
Gloria Metzner ◽  
Edith Waldeck ◽  
Manuela Glattacker
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Treatment Representations

Abstract Background:In recent decades, the prevalence of chronic diseases in children and adolescents has increased significantly. Contextual factors play a central role in the self-regulation of chronic diseases. They influence illness and treatment representations, disease management, and health outcomes. While previous studies have investigated the influence of contextual factors on children's beliefs about their illness, little is known about subjective contextual factors of treatment representations of children and adolescents with chronic diseases, especially in the context of rehabilitation. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative analysis was to examine the contextual factors reported by chronically ill adolescents in relation to their treatment representations. Furthermore, we aimed to assign the identified themes to classifications of environmental and personal contextual factors in the context of the ICF.Methods:Between July and September 2018, semi-structured interviews were conducted with N=13 adolescent rehabilitants to explore their rehab-related treatment representations and associated contextual factors. The interviews started with an open narrative question about expectations and beliefs about rehabilitation, followed by further detailed questions. The interviews were recorded on audio tape, transcribed, and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results:Participants raised six themes associated with their rehab-related treatment representations that were interpreted as contextual factors: the living situation before rehabilitation, characterised by school and family problems, few social contacts, and intensive media consumption; the idea of rehabilitation, which mostly came from various people in the adolescent’s social environment; previous solution attempts; rehab pre-experiences; information that the adolescents received from the clinic or sought themselves; and the assumed attitudes of their parents concerning the presumed necessity of rehabilitation and expectations regarding the process and its outcome. All the themes could be assigned to the classification of environmental and personal factors in the context of the ICF for children and youth.Conclusions:Although contextual factors have an important impact on self-regulation, little attention is paid to their investigation. Personal and environmental factors probably influence patients’ treatment representations in terms of expectations and concerns as well as emotions regarding the treatment. Considering contextual factors could lead to the more appropriate allocation of medical care and the better customisation of treatment.

Visual symptoms and childhood migraine: Qualitative analysis of duration, location, spread, mobility, colour and pattern

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (14) ◽  
pp. 2017-2025
Author(s):  
Mas Ahmed ◽  
Catriona Boyd ◽  
Radhika Vavilikolanu ◽  
Bushra Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Headache Disorders ◽  
Visual Aura ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Beta Version

Aim To examine the characteristics of visual symptoms during attacks of migraine in children and adolescents. Method A qualitative analysis of prospectively collected data over 5 years, on characteristics of visual symptoms during migraine attacks. Diagnosis of migraine and aura was based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version. We also provided the opportunity for patients to illustrate their visual aura symptoms to aid in diagnosis. Results Visual symptoms were reported by 387/1079 (36%) of migraineurs. Of these, 172 (16%) patients fulfilled the International Classification of Headache Disorders Criteria A, B, C iv and D, but missed one (n = 75; 43.5%) or two (n = 97; 56.5%) of the remaining items of criteria C as the visual symptoms were of non-gradual spread (n = 35; 20%), appeared in both visual fields (n = 99; 58%), or lasted less than 5 minutes or more than 60 minutes (n = 129; 75%). Conclusion The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition beta version criteria are useful in diagnosis of migraine with visual aura in children and adolescents, but visual symptoms varied considerably in duration, pattern, mobility, location, mode of onset and colours. Providing opportunity for patients to illustrate their symptoms can provide additional diagnostic information. The pathophysiology and the clinical concept of typical MVA is still to an extent an assumption and needs further evaluation. Approval The study was approved by the Health Research Authority – London and the local Research and Innovation Department at Barking Havering and Redbridge National Health Service Trust. Formal parental consent was not considered essential for this type of study.

Nutritional Status of Pediatric Patients in Ramathibodi Hospital Using the WHO Child Growth Standard and the Thai Growth Reference

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Child Growth Standard

Background: The appropriate assessment of nutritional status in children is an essential aspect of health supervision. Currently, there are two references used for growth assessment in Thailand. The WHO child growth standard, which has been widely used since 2007, and the Thai growth reference developed by the Ministry of Public Health, which has been used since 1998. However, there were very few studies that made a direct comparison between both tools. Objective: To compare the nutritional status of healthy pediatric patients in Ramathibodi Hospital assessed by the World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standard and the Thai growth reference. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study. The data were collected from all pediatric patients registered in the outpatient department (OPD) of Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018. All healthy children (aged 0 to 15 years) were included. Exclusion criteria of possibly chronically ill children were defined by those who were 1) visiting subspecialty clinics, 2) OPD and emergency room (ER) visits more than ten times per year, 3) having ICD-10 of chronic conditions, or 4) had been admitted in the hospital during the study. The weight and height or length data were extracted from the Electronic Medical Record system. All data were analyzed by the Stata Statistical Software focusing on age and sex-specific Z-scores, which references the WHO child growth standard and the Thai growth reference. Results: Sixty-two thousand one hundred four OPD visits were divided into 31,662 OPD visits for boys and 30,442 OPD visits for girls. Percent of weight for age and height or length for age more than +2 Z-score of both boys and girls when using the Thai growth reference was greater than that using the WHO child growth standard, especially for children aged 0 to 12 months. The Thai growth reference classified as overweight were approximately 10.26% to 31.12% more than using the WHO child growth standard. There was no difference in classification of height by both standards. Conclusion: There was a difference in classification of nutritional status between the Thai growth reference and the WHO child growth standard. Keywords: Nutritional status, Pediatric growth reference, Assessment tool, Overweight

scholarly journals Updating OMERACT Core Set of Domains for ANCA-associated Vasculitis: Patient Perspective Using the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Milman ◽  
Eilish McConville ◽  
Joanna C. Robson ◽  
Annelies Boonen ◽  
Peter Tugwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Anca Associated Vasculitis ◽  
Core Set

Objective.Aspects of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies–associated vasculitis (AAV) prioritized by patients with AAV were described using the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF).Methods.Items identified during 14 individual interviews were incorporated into an ICF-based questionnaire administered to participants of 2 vasculitis patient symposia: 36 in the United Kingdom and 63 in the United States.Results.Categories identified as at least “moderately relevant” by ≥ 5% of subjects included 44 body functions, 14 body structures, 35 activities and participation, 31 environmental factors, and 38 personal factors.Conclusion.Identified categories differ from those identified by the current Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) core set and those prioritized by vasculitis experts.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) as a community participation model for people with multiple sclerosis: A hierarchical regression analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Joseph Pfaller ◽  
Fong Chan ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Jia-Rung Wu ◽  
Stuart Rumrill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder that impacts more than 400,000 people in the U.S. The disease results in multiple functional impairments that are diverse and varied across individuals. Additonally, MS has a profound impact on community participation which, like other rehabilitation outcomes, cannot be explained on the basis of functional limitations alone. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a model of community participation for people living with MS using the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework. The model focused on the roles that personal factors have as predictors of community participation, while also serving as mediators and moderators for the relationship between activity limitation and participation. Results from the hierarchical regression analysis indicated that demographic characteristics (i.e. MS type), personal factors (i.e. core self-evaluations (CSE), MS self-management, resilience, and social skills), and activity limitations accounted for 64% of the variance in participation. Further, mediation analysis indicated that CSE mediated the relationship between activity limitation and community participation. Finally, moderation analysis indicated an interaction effect between educational attainment and MS self-management. Implications for future research in rehabilitation and clinical application are discussed.

Prospects for the classification of mental disorders of children and adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Schmidt ◽  
J. Sinzig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
General Question ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Specific Symptom ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Dsm V

AbstractSuggestions for classification of mental disorders of children and adolescents in DSM-V and ICD-11 have been made, which differ strongly from the current descriptive approach of dimensional classification.These suggestions even comprise a dichotomized system for health care as well as for scientific purposes.Nevertheless it is obvious that we are far behind an “etiological” classification, so that trade-offs have necessarily to be made in DSM-V and ICD-11.Appropriate proposals concern the strict separation of disorders that are typical for children and adolescents as well as for adults.Furthermore a differentiation of diagnosis for infants, toddlers and preschool children is required in both classification systems. As far as it is relevant for treatment, combined diagnosis in DSM-V and subthreshold diagnosis as well as coding-possibilities for findings in molecular biology should be permitted.As personality disorders should only be diagnosed after the age of 16, it is recommended to dimensionally classify personality traits that are pathognomonic for specific symptom patterns and of prognostic relevance.DSM-V and ICD-11 should allow age-specific information on axis-IV. The article discusses the general question of how relational disorders respectively disturbances should be classified and include furthermore special recommendations concerning ICD and DSM categories.

Sustainable Development of Tourism Choice - Eco-Tourism

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 4445-4448
Author(s):  
Ming Chong Gu ◽  
Hong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Development Model ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The People ◽  
Domestic Tourism

Along with the development of society and economy, domestic tourism activities is rapidly increased, accompanied by increasing environmental problems brought by the tourism activities is becoming more and more brought to the attention of the people, if our country want to realize the sustainable development of tourism industry, we must replace the old development model to Eco-tourism to meet the needs of tourism and environment. Through qualitative analysis, this paper analyzed the characteristics of the Eco-tourism, and the classification of domestic ecological tourist resources to comb, and put forward some suggestions on developing Eco-tourism, hoping to provide a reference for the development of the domestic Eco-tourism.

Bone Health in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Diseases That May Affect the Skeleton: The 2013 ISCD Pediatric Official Positions

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Bianchi ◽  
Mary B. Leonard ◽  
Susanne Bechtold ◽  
Wolfgang Högler ◽  
M. Zulf Mughal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Bone Health
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