scholarly journals “Mapping suicide prevention initiatives targeting Indigenous Sámi in Nordic countries”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Petter A. Stoor ◽  
Heidi A. Eriksen ◽  
Anne C. Silviken
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Promising Practices ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Cultural Empowerment ◽  
Critical Approaches

Abstract Background Suicide is a major public health issue among Indigenous Sámi in Nordic countries, and efforts to prevent suicide in the Sámi context are increasing. However, there is no literature on suicide prevention initiatives among Sámi. The aim of the study was to map suicide prevention initiatives targeting Sámi in Norway, Sweden, and Finland during 2005–2019. Method Initiatives were identified and described through utilizing networks among stakeholders in the field of suicide prevention among Sámi, acquiring documentation of initiatives and utilizing the authors first-hand experiences. The described initiatives were analyzed inspired by the “What is the problem represented to be?” (WPR)-approach. Results Seventeen initiatives targeting Sámi were identified during 2005–2019, including nine in Sweden, five in Norway, one in Finland and two international initiatives. Analysis with the WPR-approach yielded 40 problematizations regarding how to prevent suicide among Sámi, pertaining to shortcomings on individual (5), relational (15), community/cultural (3), societal (14) and health systems levels (3). All initiatives were adapted to the Sámi context, varying from tailor-made, culture-specific approaches to targeting Sámi with universal approaches. The most common approaches were the gatekeeper and mental health literacy training programs. The initiatives generally lacked thorough evaluation components. Conclusion We argue that the dominant rationales for suicide prevention were addressing shortcomings on individual and relational levels, and raising awareness in the general public. This threatens obscuring other, critical, approaches, such as broadening perspectives in prevention planning, improving health systems for Sámi, and promoting cultural empowerment among Sámi. Nevertheless, the study confirms considerable efforts have been invested into suicide prevention among Sámi during the last 15 years, and future initiatives might include a broader set of prevention rationales. To improve evaluation and identify the most promising practices, increased support regarding development of plans and implementation of evaluation components is needed.

Suicide by jumping at beachy head in East Sussex – The impact of a suicide prevention patrol scheme

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s886-s887 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Durgahee ◽  
M. Isaac ◽  
J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

IntroductionSuicide is a major public health issue. It is the leading cause of death among younger adults in the UK. Suicide by jumping is an uncommon method. About 23 people die each year by jumping from the cliffs at beachy head, Sussex. The beachy head chaplaincy established a suicide-prevention patrol at beachy head in August 2004. To date there have been no studies evaluating the impact of a suicide patrol as a prevention strategy. This study aimed to assess the impact of this suicide-prevention patrol.MethodsData from local and national official statistics was gathered to examine the overall suicide numbers and rates of suicide by jumping vs. other methods. This included an in-depth scrutiny of coroners’ data and reports from the beachy head chaplaincy.A qualitative, phenomenological approach using in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the “lived experiences” of members of the suicide-prevention patrol.ResultsThe statistics reveal unexpected and at times, conflicting, results which will be offered for discussion.The thematic analysis of the interviews reveals insights into the motivations for volunteering; how a faith-based patrol works; the physical and psycho-social impact of the work; volunteers’ stories; the centrality of God within their work and motivation.For copyright reasons full details of the analyses cannot be made available before the conference.DiscussionWe welcome an interactive discussion of the results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals 25.L. Workshop: Suicide prevention: new insights?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Suicide Prevention Programs

Abstract Suicide is a major public health issue. Worldwide, about 800,000 people die by suicide each year. The global suicide mortality rate is estimated to be 10.5 deaths per 100,000 people. Suicide accounts for about 1.4% of all deaths globally. Suicide rates vary greatly between countries. About 80% of all suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries. Europe has an average suicide mortality rate of about 14 per 100,000 with a wide variation between countries. Many more men than women die by suicide. All ages in the population are affected, but rates clearly rise with increasing age, while it is the second leading cause of death among people aged 15 to 24 years. Suicide attempts, i.e. non-fatal suicidal behaviour, are estimated to be about 10 to 20 times more frequent than actual suicide. Scientific research identified various genetic, psychological, socio-economic, environmental and cultural factors contributing to suicidal behaviour. Suicide is then regarded as the result of a complex dynamic interaction between these factors, often described by explanatory models of suicide, such as the stress-diathesis, gene-environment, or bio psychosocial model. The high suicide rates, and the huge impact of suicide for the individual, the relatives and society as a whole urged to develop strategies to counter these risk factors, targeting an entire population, or some vulnerable groups such as persons who have suffered trauma or abuse, or specific vulnerable individuals such as suicide attempters. More and more countries structure and organise all these initiatives in national or regional suicide prevention programs. However, there is much discussion about the effectiveness of suicide prevention initiatives (scientific research showing evidence for the effectiveness of suicide prevention interventions is difficult and rather scarce), and often there is little communication on these programs between countries. By bringing together researchers and policy makers on this domain from different countries and background, this workshop aims to contribute to the scientific insight in this topic and to the improvement of an integrated and evidence-based suicide prevention policy. Eva Dumon, Gerdien Franx, and Saska Roskar will give us an overview of the national suicide prevention programs in their countries, respectively Belgium, the Netherlands and Slovenia. They will discuss the development, implementation and preliminary evaluation of the diverse initiatives. Dr. John Cachia point to the importance of taking into account the specific context of communities in the development and implementation of suicide prevention initiatives, and he shows how relevant clinical and public mental health data can be in this regard. And finally, Ulrich Hegerl will explain how systematic research on the on-going community based 4-level intervention program ('European Alliance against Depression') can add useful insights in suicide prevention strategies. Key messages Suicide is a major public health issue in many countries, and several national suicide prevention programs are developed and implemented. We need more cross-country communication, and sound scientific research about the content and effectiveness of the developed preventive initiatives.

Interventions for Better Mental Health Literacy

2022 ◽  
pp. 187-207
Author(s):  
Tânia Moço Morgado ◽  
Tiago Oliveira Costa ◽  
Odete Lomba de Araújo ◽  
Rosa Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
Positive Perspective ◽  
The Impact

Mental health literacy (MHL) was originally defined as knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders which aid their recognition, management, and prevention. More recently, this concept has evolved to a more positive perspective by adding the focus on knowledge and abilities necessary to benefit mental health. Higher levels of MHL have a positive influence on several domains. Therefore, MHL programs should be provided in different contexts across the lifespan. Mental health is now a major public health issue in modern societies, and higher levels of MHL can prevent and mitigate the impact of mental illness. For clinical practice, the authors recommend the use of the assertiveness, clear language, and positivity (ACP) model in MHL programs and strategies that encourage the implementation of these and other programs in different settings, as well as more research.

scholarly journals Chronic Hepatitis C: An Overview of Evidence on Epidemiology and Management from a Brazilian Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Castro ◽  
Hugo Perazzo ◽  
Beatriz Grinsztejn ◽  
Valdilea G. Veloso ◽  
Chris Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Advanced Fibrosis ◽  
Noninvasive Methods ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis

Chronic hepatitis C remains one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide and presents a variable natural history ranging from minimal changes to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis and its complications, such as development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately, 1.45 million people are estimated to be infected by HCV in Brazil representing a major public health issue. The aim of this paper was to review the epidemiology and management of chronic hepatitis C from a Brazilian perspective. The management of chronic hepatitis C has been challenged by the use of noninvasive methods to stage liver fibrosis as an alternative to liver biopsy and the high cost of new interferon-free antiviral treatments. Moreover, the need of cost-effectiveness analysis in hepatitis C and the recent changes in treatment protocols were discussed.

Seroprevalence of the hepatitis E virus antibodies among blood donors in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bader Y Alhatlani ◽  
Waleed A Aljabr ◽  
Mohammed S Almarzouqi ◽  
Sami M Alhatlani ◽  
Rayan N Alzunaydi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Major Public Health Issue

Aim: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) transmission through blood transfusion is a major public health issue worldwide. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HEV in blood donors in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Materials & methods: Serum samples (n = 1078) were collected from volunteer blood donors and tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG and IgM by indirect ELISA. Results: The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG among the blood donors was 5.7% overall. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM seropositivity were significantly higher in non-Saudi donors than in Saudi donors (22.1 vs 3 and 7.8 vs 0.2% for anti-HEV IgG and IgM, respectively). Conclusion: The seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors in the Qassim region was lower than previous estimates for other regions of the country and neighboring countries.

scholarly journals Dry eye researchers and their publications in Asia and Europe

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuh Leong ◽  
Louis Tong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Major Public Health Issue

Dry eye, a visually disabling disease that has been reported to be a major public health issue in many countries, is known to induce a significant decrease in quality of life. In this report, we aim to compile information on the investigators of dry eye that published most frequently in peer reviewed scientific journals and the publications in Asia and Europe.

scholarly journals Considerations on cervical anastomoses in postcaustic esophageal reconstruction

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Irina Predescu ◽  
Dragos Predescu ◽  
Codrut Sarafoleanu ◽  
Silviu Constantinoiu
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Esophageal Reconstruction ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
General Surgeon ◽  
Cervical Anastomosis ◽  
Postoperative Complication Rate ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Surgical Methods

Abstract Background. The increased incidence of accidental or non-accidental ingestion of corrosive substances or drug compounds leading to postcaustic esophagitis represents a major public health issue. The treatment of postcaustic esophagitides is difficult and long lasting, calling for a complex team trained in this borderline pathology: gastroenterologist, general surgeon, otorhinolaryngologist, anesthesiologist, psychiatrist. In cases when preventive treatment has failed, the only effective therapy remains the surgical one. Material and methods. Our study involved an analysis of the cases treated and/or operated in the Department of General and Esophageal Surgery of the “Sfanta Maria” Hospital in Bucharest, between 1981-2014; respectively 195 patients who benefited from reconstructive esophageal interventions. Of the selected patients, 191 were operated for corrosive pathology produced by ingestion of caustic soda and only four cases by ingestion of acids. The lesion balance showed that, besides the esophagus, the oropharynx (28 patients), the larynx (7 patients) and the stomach (31 patients) had been affected by the corrosion process, requiring particular surgical solutions. The bypass reconstruction (preserving the esophagus) was the standard treatment, esophagectomy having been performed in only 4 patients. Results. The main remote postoperative complaint was feeding inability, a consequence of various causes: cervical anastomosis stenosis, motor dysfunctions of the graft or of the laryngopharyngeal complex, over-time alteration of the graft, technical vices or the degradation of intra-abdominal assemblies, traumatic injuries of the presternal substituent. Conclusion. One of the most important moments during the esophageal reconstruction surgery remains the duration of the cervical anastomosis, since the postoperative complication rate and the remote functional outcome depend on it. Minimizing postoperative risks and complications requires a complete mastery of surgical methods, of the small technical “artifices” and of the necessary therapeutic refinements adapted to each individual case.

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