scholarly journals Effects of health-promoting school strategy on dental plaque control and preventive behaviors in schoolchildren in high-caries, rural areas of Taiwan: a quasi-experimental design

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Wei ◽  
Kai-Yang Lo ◽  
Yi-Ching Lin ◽  
Chih-Yang Hu ◽  
Fu-Li Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Health Promoting School ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Plaque Control

Abstract Background We evaluated the effects of health-promoting school (HPS) strategy on plaque control and behavior change in high-caries schoolchildren in Taitung, Taiwan. Methods A quasi-experimental design was adopted; six intervention schools (intervention group [IG]) and six comparison schools (comparison group [CG]) were selected from elementary schools with higher-than-average caries rates (> 68%). The IG was selected using cluster sampling, and the CG was selected to match the IG. In total, the IG and CG groups included 166 and 174 children each. The selected schools implemented the HPS framework for 3 months in the 2019 academic year. An oral examination of dental plaque was administered, and a self-administered questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and behaviors was distributed at baseline and at 2-week follow-up. A linear and logistic regression model using generalized estimating equations (GEEs) was used to analyze the differences between baseline and the follow-up data. Results Compared with the CG, the IG had a greater reduction in plaque index among second graders (β =  − 0.36) and plaque control record scores among second, fourth, and sixth graders (β =  − 27.48, − 26.04, and − 18.38, respectively). The IG also exhibited a greater increase at follow-up with respect to oral health–related knowledge among second graders and fourth graders (β = 1.46 and β = 0.92, respectively), attitude toward oral hygiene behaviors among sixth graders (β = 1.78), and self-efficacy regarding flossing for sixth graders (β = 1.43). Sixth graders in the IG were significantly more likely to brush before sleeping (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.99) and use fluoride toothpaste (aOR = 5.88) than those in the CG. Conclusions The HPS strategy was effective in reducing dental plaque and promoting preventing behaviors in rural high-caries schoolchildren.

scholarly journals A New Exclusive Breastfeeding Booklet to Improve Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
pp. 870-880
Author(s):  
Suryani Hartati ◽  
Nuraini Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Provide Health Education

Breastfeeding self-efficacy is defined as the mother’s belief in their ability to breastfeed the baby. Health education is important to increase the mother’s confidence. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of an exclusive breastfeeding booklet to increase breastfeeding self-efficacy in prenatal mothers until the postnatal period. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design. The results showed that providing a booklet for mothers increased self-efficacy towards exclusive breastfeeding with the mean after intervention was 60.97, p<0.005. Our study suggests health care professionals provide health education and motivate mothers to improve their confidence with regards to breastfeeding for at least six months.   Keywords: Breastfeeding self-efficacy, exclusive breastfeeding, health education

Good idea, bad prerequisite, zero result – the meaning of context in implementing aftercare for young people in secure unit care

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Andersson Vogel ◽  
Marie Sallnäs ◽  
Tommy Lundström
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Young People ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Project ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Secure Unit

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to report results from a quasi-experimental study of outcomes of a leaving care project for youth placed in secure unit care and second, based on the (zero) results, to analyse and discuss the interplay between organisational boundaries, social work and the target group when implementing a project such as the one studied. Design/methodology/approach – The outcome study had a quasi-experimental design. The young people in the leaving care programme were compared with a matched reference group who did not get the special leaving care services. Data were collected (structured Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis-interviews) when the young people entered secure units and on follow-up (registered crime and re-entry into care). Findings – The outcome study showed that the leaving care project had no effect on the young people's situation at follow-up regarding re-offending and re-entry into secure unit care. This is understood and discussed in relation to the poor implementation of the leaving care project along with an inbuilt conflict between state and local municipality that overshadowed the good intentions of the project. Research limitations/implications – The effect study has a quasi-experimental design, and hence differences between the project group and the comparison group at T1 cannot be fully precluded, although nothing is pointing in such a direction. The unclear content of the intervention makes it difficult to decode how the variation in the support given to the young people eventually impacted the results. The zero-results apply to group level, but that may not be valid for each and every one in the project. Practical implications – According to earlier research, a key person following young persons through different phases of the care trajectory may be of importance. Learning from the CoC project, one can conclude that such a key person should preferably take the role of advocate for the young person, and not be an administrator mainly concerned with coordinating other professionals. Further, when planning and financing is split between organisations, that split hinders efforts to actually mobilise support for young people leaving secure unit care. Originality/value – Few leaving care services are designed for youth with severe behavioural problems and hence, the research is scarce. This study contributes with important knowledge about leaving care interventions for the target group.

scholarly journals Effect of a Simulation-Based Handover Education Program for Nursing Students: A Quasi-Experimental Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5821
Author(s):  
Da-Hye Lee ◽  
Eun-Ju Lim
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Handover Performance

Nursing handover facilitates the continuity of nursing and ensures patient safety and quality of care. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a handover education program by assessing handover knowledge, self-efficacy, and handover performance competency. A group pretest–post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Thirty 4th-year Korean nursing students participated in a handover education program comprising a lecture and simulation training using a high-fidelity simulator. The average level of handover knowledge was 4.63 ± 1.61 before the program and 5.83 ± 0.95 after (t = −3.71, p = 0.001). Meanwhile, the average self-efficacy score was 3.35 ± 0.57 before the program and 3.90 ± 0.60 after (t = −5.65, p < 0.001). Further, the average handover performance competency was 1.75 ± 0.25 before the program and 2.37 ± 0.21 after (t = −12.08, p < 0.001). The simulation-based handover education intervention was effective in improving knowledge, self-efficacy, and performance competency of nursing students. This intervention can provide an effective method of improving nursing students’ handover skills prior to entering clinical practice.

scholarly journals Effect of Telenursing on the Self-efficacy of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Quasi-experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background and Objective: Despite medical advances, patients with Myocardial Infarction do not fully recover and require rehabilitation and other treatment measures as well. One way to empower these patients is to promote self-efficacy. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of Tele-nursing on the self-efficacy of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 40 patients with Myocardial Infarction. The participants selected using the simple random sampling method. The patients were divided into two intervention and control groups of 20 participants. Routine training was given to both groups before discharge. The demographic data questionnaire and Sullivan’s cardiac self-efficacy questionnaire were then provided to each patient. In the intervention group, in addition to routine training, the telephone follow-up intervention was performed by the researcher within one month (once a week with an average call duration of 10 minutes). After one month, the self-efficacy questionnaire was provided to each of the study units again. Finally, after determining the normal distribution, the data were analyzed by chi-square, independent t-test, and ANCOVA tests, using SPSS v.25 software. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic variables and disease characteristics. The mean score of self-efficacy before and after the intervention in the control group was 22.90 ± 3.93 and 33.35 ± 8.36, respectively, and in the intervention group, was 25.60 ± 6.90 and 47.45 ± 5.60, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups after the intervention (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Telenursing can improve adherence to the treatment program and promote patients’ self-efficacy. Therefore, due to its reliability, availability, and low cost, this method can be used in patient care and follow-up.

scholarly journals The measuring level of self-efficacy after participating in group counseling among 7th grade students

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Bakhan Bakhtiyar Muhammdamin ◽  
Jabbar Ahmed Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Group Counseling ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
School Tasks ◽  
Academic Year

Self-efficacy is the students' belief about their ability to perform school tasks successfully, and Counseling is the crucial way to help students to understand their potential and help them to solve their problems at school and in their daily life. This research examined  the level of self-efficacy among 7th grade students after participating in group counseling program, self-efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy Self-Report Scale that was designed by (Erford, Schein and Duncan, 2011). The researcher found the validity and reliability for the scale, ultimately the scale consisted of (15) items. This research was designed as (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up) quasi-experimental design with (11) students from Srwa school for girls in the academic year (2018-2019). The students participated in 35 minutes sessions twice a week including (Homework assignments, Coping skills, Modeling, Role-play, Feedback, Problem-solving, Coping cards and Adaptive attribution beliefs). After the counseling sessions the collected data were analyzed with (IBM SPSS statistics version 23) by using paired sample t-test, the results revealed that there were significant differences between mean scores of pretest and posttest. It showed that the level of self-efficacy increased after conducting the counseling program. The research marks a closure with a discussion and the limitations of the research, suggestions for further researches and practical implications of the research.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the school-based social and behavior change communication (SBCC) interventions on insecticide-treated nets utilization among primary school children in rural Ethiopia: A quasi-experimental design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fira Abamecha Ababulgu ◽  
Morankar Sudhakar ◽  
Lakew Abebe Gebretsadik ◽  
Yohannes Kebede Lemu ◽  
Guda Alemayehu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
School Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Family Supports ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background: Evidence regarding the impacts of school-engaged social and behavior change communication (SBCC) interventions on malaria preventive behaviors in rural primary schools is limited. This study examined the effect of the school-based SBCC approach on the utilization of the insecticide-treated nets among primary school students in malaria-endemic settings of Ethiopia.Methods: Engaging primary schools and community; various participatory, educational, and communication interventions were implemented from 2017 to 2019 in 75 rural primary schools in Jimma to promote malaria preventive practices in target the villages. A post-intervention quasi-experimental design was conducted with randomly selected 798 students (i.e. 399 intervention and 399 control groups). Data were collected by trained interviewers using structured questionnaires. The SPSS version 26 software was used to analyze the data. Propensity score matching analysis was performed to control for possible confounding biases. The average effects of the intervention were estimated using multivariate general linear modeling and chi-square tests based on the nature of the outcome data. P-value < 5% was considered for statistical significance. Results: The result showed a significant difference of 39% in the proportion of ITN utilization between the intervention and control groups; (95% CI: 38.23% to 39.77%). The intervention also led to a significant mean differences (MD) of self-efficacy (MD=15.34; 95% CI: 13.73 to 16.95), knowledge (MD=5.83; 95% CI: 5.12 to 6.55), attitude (MD=6.01; 95% CI: 5.26 to 6.77), perceived malaria risk (MD=2.14; 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.76), and perceived family supports (MD=6.39; 95% CI: 5.57 to 7.22). Multiple logistic regression modeling results showed that knowledge (β=0.194, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.35) and perceived family supports (β=0.165, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.25) and self-efficacy (β=0.10, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.32) significantly predicted the ITN utilization among the school children. Conclusion: The finding of this study suggested that the school-based SBCC approach combined with peer education activities advanced the malaria-related knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, risk perceptions, and family supports and ultimately improved the sustained use of ITNs among school-going children. Further research should be conducted to understand the mechanism of these effects given the influences of social, health services, and school systems are considered.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Pipper crocatum leaf solution on plaque

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biofoma Mohentaeses Veransa ◽  
Dede Hadidjah ◽  
Nunung Rusminah
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Plaque Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Plaque Growth

Chemical plaque control has been proven effective on decreasing the plaque growth. This research was conducted to determine the effectivity of Pipper crocatum leaf solution for controlling dental plaque. The type of this research was a quasi-experimental research using the crossover design and the double blind system. The research sample consisted of 30 female student of Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, chosen by purposive sampling method. The research subject get treated two times, which were gargled with Pipper crocatum leaf solution or with mineral water three times in two days. Plaque value was assessed using Quiqley and Hein Modified Index by Turesky, Gilmore and Glickman. The plaque scoring was performed on the third day. The data was analyzed by the independent t-test. Results: There was a decrease in the plaque value of the subject that gargled with Pipper crocatum leaf solution, whereas in the subjects gargled with mineral water was found an increasing plaque value. Statistical calculations given the results that there was a significant difference in the plaque value between subjects gargled with Pipper crocatum leaf solution and mineral water. The conclusion of this research was that gargling with Pipper crocatum leaf solution was effective to prevent dental plaque growth.

scholarly journals ‘Quit and Stay Quit Monday’ as a Novel Approach to Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Experimental Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Elaine De Leon ◽  
Norah L. Crossnohere ◽  
Laura W. Fuentes ◽  
Morgan Johnson ◽  
Kevin Welding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Behaviour Changes

Introduction:Emerging evidence suggests a heightened interest in healthy behaviour changes, including smoking cessation, at the beginning of the week. Evidence from Google searches, quitlines, and cessation websites show greater information-seeking and interest in early week quitting.Aims:This pilot assesses the comparative effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention that encourages participants to use Mondays as a day to quit or recommit to quitting smoking.Methods:We partnered with existing smoking cessation group programs to conduct a quasi-experimental, pre–post study. Both comparison and intervention groups received the same standard-care curriculum from program instructors. Intervention group participants received Monday materials including a wallet card and a mantra card during enrolment. On Mondays, intervention participants received an emailed tip-of-the-week and were encouraged to quit or recommit to quitting. Quit buddies were recommended in both groups, but intervention participants were encouraged to check-in with quit buddies on Mondays. The outcomes of smoking abstinence, number and length of quit attempts, and self-efficacy were assessed at the final program session and three months later.Results:At the last session, intervention group participants who were still smoking had a higher self-efficacy of quitting in the future, rated their programs as more helpful in quitting smoking, and were more likely to rate quit buddies as very helpful. Differences in self-efficacy were no longer observed at the second follow-up. No differences were observed between intervention and standard group participants in abstinence, number of quits, length of quits, or self-efficacy of staying quit at either follow-up.Conclusions:Encouraging results from this pilot study indicate that further research is needed to explore how Monday messaging may improve smoking cessation programs.

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