[The innovation characteristics of person-centred care as perceived by healthcare professionals: an interview study employing a deductive-inductive content analysis guided by the consolidated framework for implementation research

Abstract Background Person-centred care (PCC) is promoted as an innovation that will improve patients’ rights and increase their participation in healthcare. Experience shows that the implementation of PCC is challenging and often results in varying levels of adoption. How health care professionals (HCPs) perceive an innovation such as PCC is an important factor to consider in implementation. Yet, such studies are scarce. Thus, in a sample of healthcare units in a region in Sweden, involved in a transition to PCC, we aimed to investigate HCPs’ perceptions of PCC. Methods An interview study was conducted in 2018 during the implementation of PCC with HCPs (n = 97) representing diverse vocational roles in six healthcare contexts. Data were collected via focus groups (n = 15), dyadic interviews (n = 5), and individual interviews (n = 22) and analysed using a deductive–inductive content analysis. The deductive approach was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), followed by an inductive analysis to describe HCPs’ in-depth perceptions of PCC in relation to each of the CFIR constructs. Results Eight constructs from two of the CFIR domains, Intervention characteristics and Inner setting, were used to code HCPs’ perceptions of PCC. One construct, Observability, was added to the coding sheet to fully describe all the data. The constructs Relative advantage, Complexity, Compatibility, Observability, and Available resources were discussed in depth by HCPs and resulted in rich and detailed data in the inductive data analysis. This analysis showed large variations in perceptions of PCC among HCPs, based on factors such as the PCCs ethical underpinnings, its operationalisation into concrete working routines, and each HCPs’ unique recognition of PCC and the value they placed on it. Conclusions We identified nine CFIR constructs that seem pertinent to HCPs’ perceptions of PCC. HCPs report an array of mixed perceptions of PCC, underlining its complex nature. The perceptions are shaped by a range of factors, such as their individual understandings of the concept and the operationalisation of PCC in their local context. Stakeholders in charge of implementing PCC might use the results as a guide, delineating factors that may be important to consider in a wide range of healthcare contexts.

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Exploring barriers and facilitators to integrated hypertension-HIV management in Ugandan HIV clinics using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)

10.21203/rs.2.20444/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Martin Muddu ◽

Andrew K. Tusubira ◽

Brenda Nakirya ◽

Rita Nalwoga ◽

Fred C. Semitala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Implementation Research ◽

Health System Strengthening ◽

Relative Advantage ◽

Prior Work ◽

Care Providers ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Inner Setting ◽

Hiv Integration

Abstract BackgroundPersons Living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Integration of services for hypertension (HTN), the primary CVD risk factor, into HIV clinics is recommended in Uganda. Our prior work demonstrated multiple gaps in implementation of integrated HTN care along the HIV treatment cascade. In this study, we sought to explore barriers to, and facilitators of, integrating HTN screening and treatment into HIV clinics in Eastern Uganda.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study at three HIV clinics with low, intermediate, and high HTN care cascade performance, which we classified based on our prior work. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we conducted semi-structured interviews with health services managers, health care providers and hypertensive PLHIV (n=83). Interviews were transcribed verbatim. Three qualitative researchers used both deductive (CFIR model-driven) and inductive (open coding) methods to develop relevant codes and themes. Ratings were performed to determine valence and strengths of each CFIR construct regarding influencing HTN/HIV integration. ResultsOf the 39 CFIR constructs assessed, 17 were relevant to either barriers or facilitators to HTN/HIV integration. Six constructs strongly distinguished performance and were barriers, three of which were in the Inner setting (Organizational Incentives & Rewards, Available Resources, Access to Knowledge & Information); two in Characteristics of individuals (Knowledge & Beliefs about the Intervention and Self-efficacy) and one in Intervention characteristics (Design Quality & Packaging). Four additional constructs were weakly distinguishing and negatively influenced HTN/HIV integration. There were four facilitators for HTN/HIV integration related to the intervention (Relative advantage, Adaptability, Complexity and Compatibility). The remaining three constructs negatively influenced HTN/HIV integration but were non-distinguishing. ConclusionUsing the CFIR, we have shown that while there are modifiable barriers to HTN/HIV integration in the Inner setting, Outer setting, Characteristics of individuals and implementation Process, HTN/HIV integration is of interest to patients, health care providers and managers. Improving access to HTN care among PLHIV will require overcoming barriers and capitalizing on the facilitators using a health system strengthening approach. These findings are a springboard for designing contextually appropriate interventions for HTN/HIV integration in low- and middle-income countries.

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The (Mis)Uses of Race in Research on College Students: A Systematic Review

JCSCORE ◽

10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2017.3.1.5-41 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 5-41

Author(s):

Marc P. Johnston-Guerrero

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

College Students ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Student Affairs ◽

Educational Outcomes ◽

Racial Groups ◽

Higher Education Journals ◽

Wide Range ◽

Implicit And Explicit

Race has been one of the most controversial subjects studied by scholars across a wide range of disciplines as they debate whether races actually exist and whether race matters in determining life, social, and educational outcomes. Missing from the literature are investigations into various ways race gets applied in research, especially in higher education and student affairs. This review explores how scholars use race in their framing, operationalizing, and interpreting of research on college students. Through a systematic content analysis of three higher education journals over five years, this review elucidates scholars’ varied racial applications as well as potential implicit and explicit messages about race being sent by those applications and inconsistencies within articles. By better understanding how race is used in higher education and student affairs research, scholars can be more purposeful in their applications to reduce problematic messages about the essentialist nature of race and deficit framing of certain racial groups.

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Patients’ Perceptions of Caring and Uncaring Nursing Encounters in Inpatient Rehabilitation Settings

Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.25159/2520-5293/5973 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Joan C Cheruiyot ◽

Petra Brysiewicz

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽

Structured Interview ◽

The Self ◽

Personal Relationships ◽

Individual Interviews ◽

Textual Data ◽

Interview Guide ◽

Being There

This study explores and describes caring and uncaring nursing encounters from the perspective of the patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation settings in South Africa. The researchers used an exploratory descriptive design. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data through individual interviews with 17 rehabilitation patients. Content analysis allowed for the analysis of textual data. Five categories of nursing encounters emerged from the analysis: noticing and acting, and being there for you emerged as categories of caring nursing encounters, and being ignored, being a burden, and deliberate punishment emerged as categories of uncaring nursing encounters. Caring nursing encounters make patients feel important and that they are not alone in the rehabilitation journey, while uncaring nursing encounters makes the patients feel unimportant and troublesome to the nurses. Caring nursing encounters give nurses an opportunity to notice and acknowledge the existence of vulnerability in the patients and encourage them to be present at that moment, leading to empowerment. Uncaring nursing encounters result in patients feeling devalued and depersonalised, leading to discouragement. It is recommended that nurses strive to develop personal relationships that promote successful nursing encounters. Further, nurses must strive to minimise the patients’ feelings of guilt and suffering, and to make use of tools, for example the self-perceived scale, to measure this. Nurses must also perform role plays on how to handle difficult patients such as confused, demanding and rude patients in the rehabilitation settings.

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COVID-19 Outbreak Prediction with Machine Learning

10.34055/osf.io/xr4js ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sina Faizollahzadeh Ardabili ◽

Amir Mosavi ◽

Pedram Ghamisi ◽

Filip Ferdinand ◽

Annamaria R. Varkonyi-Koczy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Fuzzy Inference ◽

Control Measures ◽

Future Research ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Inference System ◽

Wide Range ◽

Standard Models ◽

High Level

Several outbreak prediction models for COVID-19 are being used by officials around the world to make informed-decisions and enforce relevant control measures. Among the standard models for COVID-19 global pandemic prediction, simple epidemiological and statistical models have received more attention by authorities, and they are popular in the media. Due to a high level of uncertainty and lack of essential data, standard models have shown low accuracy for long-term prediction. Although the literature includes several attempts to address this issue, the essential generalization and robustness abilities of existing models needs to be improved. This paper presents a comparative analysis of machine learning and soft computing models to predict the COVID-19 outbreak as an alternative to SIR and SEIR models. Among a wide range of machine learning models investigated, two models showed promising results (i.e., multi-layered perceptron, MLP, and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system, ANFIS). Based on the results reported here, and due to the highly complex nature of the COVID-19 outbreak and variation in its behavior from nation-to-nation, this study suggests machine learning as an effective tool to model the outbreak. This paper provides an initial benchmarking to demonstrate the potential of machine learning for future research. Paper further suggests that real novelty in outbreak prediction can be realized through integrating machine learning and SEIR models.

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Soil Chemical Pollution and Aggressive Pathologies

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.8.6515 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 2278-2282

Author(s):

Stelian Ioan Morariu ◽

Letitia Doina Duceac ◽

Alina Costina Luca ◽

Florina Popescu ◽

Liliana Pavel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care Professionals ◽

Scientific Progress ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Optimal Parameters ◽

Chemical Pollutants ◽

Wide Range ◽

Health Physician ◽

Solid Liquid

Maintaining the soil in optimal parameters is vital for mankind, given its essential role in providing the alimentary base, as well as its extremely slow formation and regeneration (hundreds or thousands of years). The direct and indirect pollution of the soil and especially its chemical pollution represent a corollary of other types of pollution, given that it is produced by solid, liquid and gaseous residues. It may be involved in a wide range of diseases (respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, renal, haematological, osteoarticular, neurological) of allergic, infectious, degenerative or neoplastic nature, from infancy to the old age. Although there are natural causes of soil pollution (e.g. volcanic eruptions), most pollutants come from human activities, which are the most incriminated in its pollution, degradation and erosion at an accelerated pace. The growing concern of all nations for the adoption of measures to limit the chemical pollution of the soil is partially found so far in viable and effective solutions intended to combat soil contamination and degradation and ensure its restoration. Chemical industrialization leads to technical and scientific progress, but at the same time it can develop related pathologies, which means that the role of the occupational health physician is essential in ensuring prophylaxis and the early detection of occupational diseases. Besides that, the role of the pediatrician is equally precious for the detection of specific diseases caused by chemical pollutants to children, because they will develop into adults with pathological stigma.The chemical pollution of the soil is a major challenge for ecologists, given that it is an important risk factor for many types of afflictions. It requires maximum attention from civil society, health care professionals and government institutions. The specialist in occupational medicine, as well as the pediatrician bear an essential responsibility in both, prevention and treatment.

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Consumer Neuroscience Techniques in Advertising Research: A Bibliometric Citation Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031589 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1589

Author(s):

Juan Sánchez-Fernández ◽

Luis-Alberto Casado-Aranda ◽

Ana-Belén Bastidas-Manzano

Keyword(s):

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Continuous Growth ◽

Main Research ◽

Consumer Neuroscience ◽

Starting Point ◽

Wide Range ◽

Performance Analysis Tools

The limitations of self-report techniques (i.e., questionnaires or surveys) in measuring consumer response to advertising stimuli have necessitated more objective and accurate tools from the fields of neuroscience and psychology for the study of consumer behavior, resulting in the creation of consumer neuroscience. This recent marketing sub-field stems from a wide range of disciplines and applies multiple types of techniques to diverse advertising subdomains (e.g., advertising constructs, media elements, or prediction strategies). Due to its complex nature and continuous growth, this area of research calls for a clear understanding of its evolution, current scope, and potential domains in the field of advertising. Thus, this current research is among the first to apply a bibliometric approach to clarify the main research streams analyzing advertising persuasion using neuroimaging. Particularly, this paper combines a comprehensive review with performance analysis tools of 203 papers published between 1986 and 2019 in outlets indexed by the ISI Web of Science database. Our findings describe the research tools, journals, and themes that are worth considering in future research. The current study also provides an agenda for future research and therefore constitutes a starting point for advertising academics and professionals intending to use neuroimaging techniques.

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The Supportive Care Needs of Cancer Patients: a Systematic Review

Journal of Cancer Education ◽

10.1007/s13187-020-01941-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Madeleine Evans Webb ◽

Elizabeth Murray ◽

Zane William Younger ◽

Henry Goodfellow ◽

Jamie Ross

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Care Needs ◽

Wide Range ◽

Need Support ◽

Lack Of Control ◽

Everyday Work

AbstractCancer, and the complex nature of treatment, has a profound impact on lives of patients and their families. Subsequently, cancer patients have a wide range of needs. This study aims to identify and synthesise cancer patients’ views about areas where they need support throughout their care. A systematic search of the literature from PsycInfo, Embase and Medline databases was conducted, and a narrative. Synthesis of results was carried out using the Corbin & Strauss “3 lines of work” framework. For each line of work, a group of key common needs were identified. For illness-work, the key needs idenitified were; understanding their illness and treatment options, knowing what to expect, communication with healthcare professionals, and staying well. In regards to everyday work, patients wanted to maintain a sense of normalcy and look after their loved ones. For biographical work, patients commonly struggled with the emotion impact of illness and a lack of control over their lives. Spiritual, sexual and financial problems were less universal. For some types of support, demographic factors influenced the level of need reported. While all patients are unique, there are a clear set of issues that are common to a majority of cancer journeys. To improve care, these needs should be prioritised by healthcare practitioners.

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“I Don’t Know What to Say”: Teachers’ Perspectives on Supporting Bereaved Students After the Death of a Parent

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/0030222821993624 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003022282199362

Author(s):

Inbar Levkovich ◽

Zohar Elyoseph

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Counseling Students ◽

Complex Nature ◽

School Officials ◽

Face To Face ◽

Teachers Experiences ◽

Death Of A Parent ◽

The Family ◽

Need For Support ◽

Teachers Perspectives

This qualitative study examined teachers’ experiences dealing with bereaved students following the death of a parent. The researchers conducted in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 25 teachers in Israeli schools who had counseled one of their students after the death of a parent. The interviews were recorded and transcribed and underwent content analysis. Analysis of the findings revealed that the teachers felt helpless, confused, overloaded emotionally and anxious when counseling students who had lost a parent. In addition, the teachers discussed the complex nature of their relationship with the remaining parent, ranging from a desire to support the family through avoidance for fear of hurting the parent to fears of being overwhelmed by the child’s problems. Many teachers mentioned their need for support from school officials.

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Deeply Learned Pose Invariant Image Analysis with Applications in 3D Face Recognition

Mathematical Problems in Engineering ◽

10.1155/2019/3547416 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Naeem Ratyal ◽

Imtiaz Ahmad Taj ◽

Muhammad Sajid ◽

Anzar Mahmood ◽

Sohail Razzaq ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Face Recognition ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Support Vector ◽

Complex Nature ◽

Alignment Algorithm ◽

3D Face Recognition ◽

3D Face ◽

Norm Minimization ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Face

Face recognition aims to establish the identity of a person based on facial characteristics and is a challenging problem due to complex nature of the facial manifold. A wide range of face recognition applications are based on classification techniques and a class label is assigned to the test image that belongs to the unknown class. In this paper, a pose invariant deeply learned multiview 3D face recognition approach is proposed and aims to address two problems: face alignment and face recognition through identification and verification setups. The proposed alignment algorithm is capable of handling frontal as well as profile face images. It employs a nose tip heuristic based pose learning approach to estimate acquisition pose of the face followed by coarse to fine nose tip alignment using L2 norm minimization. The whole face is then aligned through transformation using knowledge learned from nose tip alignment. Inspired by the intrinsic facial symmetry of the Left Half Face (LHF) and Right Half Face (RHF), Deeply learned (d) Multi-View Average Half Face (d-MVAHF) features are employed for face identification using deep convolutional neural network (dCNN). For face verification d-MVAHF-Support Vector Machine (d-MVAHF-SVM) approach is employed. The performance of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through extensive experiments performed on four databases: GavabDB, Bosphorus, UMB-DB, and FRGC v2.0. The results show that the proposed approach yields superior performance as compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.

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Mainstream Superhero Comics and Gendered Representations of Social Control

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings ◽

10.24908/iqurcp.7197 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Hope Hutchins

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Social Control ◽

Police Officers ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Graphic Novels ◽

Real Life ◽

Women Police Officers ◽

Wide Range ◽

Media Constructions ◽

Women Police

In the context of increasing familiarity with mainstream superhero comics and their characters, a wide range of readers are being exposed to the values regarding gender and social control being communicated in this genre. Therefore, it is important to assess whether social control is signified differently for males and females in superhero comics. This presentation will begin with a discussion of why it is important to study comics and graphic novels. I will then outline the concept of social control and criminological theories centered on this idea before demonstrating why superheroes may be understood as agents of social control. This will bring me to a discussion of preliminary findings of a qualitative content analysis of issues of Batman, Captain America, Wonder Woman, Ms Marvel, Justice League of America, and New Avengers comics released from May to October 2007. In examining the leadership positions, the formal and informal methods employed, those over whom social control is exercised, and relative success of each superhero in these issues, I am seeking to assess whether social control is portrayed as being exercised by male and female superheroes in different ways and to identify how this happens. The results of this content analysis will be compared with previous studies of women police officers to assess whether representations of female agents of social control in superhero comics are consistent with the experiences of real‐life criminal justice practitioners. Finally, the reasons for and implications of the nature of such media constructions will be briefly explored to encourage other students to study comics and graphic novels.

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