scholarly journals Individual and structural correlates of willingness for intravenous buprenorphine treatment among people who inject sublingual buprenorphine in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Mezaache ◽  
Patrizia Carrieri ◽  
Laélia Briand-Madrid ◽  
Virginie Laporte ◽  
Alain Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Sublingual Buprenorphine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Buprenorphine Treatment

Abstract Background Some people do not benefit from oral administration of opioid agonist treatment, and an intravenous (IV) formulation may be more suitable. Our objective was to evaluate the willingness of people who regularly inject sublingual buprenorphine to receive IV buprenorphine as a prescribed treatment, and to examine related correlates. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data from the cross-sectional study PrebupIV, conducted in France in 2015 among 557 people who inject opioids. The study comprised questionnaires completed either face to face or online and community-based workshops. We only included participants who reported buprenorphine as their main injected drug (n = 209). Willingness to receive IV buprenorphine treatment was measured on a scale from 0 to 10. Ordinal logistic regression identified correlates of willingness. Artworks and testimonies from participants in the workshops were also used to illustrate correlates of willingness. Results Among the 209 participants, the mean score (SD) for willingness to receive IV buprenorphine was 8.0 (2.8). Multivariate analysis showed that participants who reported using non-prescribed buprenorphine (AOR = 4.82, p = 0.019), a higher daily dosage of buprenorphine (AOR (for 1 mg) = 1.05, p = 0.043), and a higher number of complications due to injection (AOR = 2.28, p = 0.037), were more willing to receive IV buprenorphine treatment. Conclusions Willingness to initiate IV buprenorphine treatment was high among people who regularly inject sublingual buprenorphine. A prescribed IV formulation could attract and retain more people into care and reduce harms associated with the injection of buprenorphine tablets.

scholarly journals Impact of Iron Status on Thyroid Function: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Thapa ◽  
Madhab Lamsal ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sah ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Basanta Gelal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hormone Profile ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Mean

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The relation between thyroid hormones and iron status is bidirectional. The aim of this study was to assess iron nutrition status and evaluate its relationship with thyroid hormone profile among children of Eastern Nepal. Methods: A  community based cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern Nepal. A total of 200 school children aged 6-12 years were recruited after taking informed consent from their guardians. Blood samples were collected and assayed for free thyroid hormones (fT3 and fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) concentration and percentage transferrin saturation was calculated. Results: The mean serum iron and TIBC was 74.04 µg/dl and 389.38 µg/dl respectively. The median transferring saturation was 19.21%. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency (Transferrin saturation < 16%) was 34% (n=68). The mean concentration of fT3 and fT4 was 2.87 pg/ml and 1.21 ng/dl respectively, while the median TSH concentration was 3.03 mIU/L. Median TSH concentration in iron deficient group (3.11 µg/dl) and iron sufficient group (2.91 µg/dl) was not significantly different. Among iron deficient children 5.9% had   subclinical hypothyroidism (n=4). Iron status indicators were not significantly correlated with thyroid profile parameters in the study population. Conclusions: The prevalence of iron deficiency is high and iron   deficiency does not significantly alter the thyroid hormone profile in the study region.

scholarly journals Menstruation: gap in knowledge, belief and practice among adolescent girls in an urban area of Belagavi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3640
Author(s):  
Suhasini Kanyadi ◽  
Chandra S. Metgud
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transition Into Adulthood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
One Year

Background: The period of adolescence, beginning with the onset of puberty, is a crucial transition into adulthood. There is a substantial lacuna in the knowledge, belief and practice about menstruation. This study addresses the gap in knowledge, belief and practice regarding menstruation among adolescent girls. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year, in an urban area of Belagavi among 625 adolescent girls in the age group of 16–19 years. Data was collected by house to house visit using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire. Results: The mean age (±SD) at menarche was found to be 12.8±1.73 years. Our study showed that as the knowledge increased, there was increase in the use of sanitary pad (p<0.001) and increase in the number of girls practicing cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation (p<0.01). However, it was found that 276 (50.5%) and 175 (37.7%) of the girls did not use sanitary pads and practice cleaning of external genitalia during menstruation even after having correct knowledge showing a gap in knowledge and practice. Similarly, among the 494 girls who knew that menstruation is a natural process, 93 (18.8%) girls wrongly believed she shouldn’t sleep in the same place as usual, 124 (25.1%) said she shouldn’t enter the kitchen, 186 (37.7%) believed that certain foods should be avoided and only 37 (7.5%) rightly believed that girls could go to place of worship during menstruation showing a gap in knowledge and belief. Conclusions: The study reported a gap in knowledge, belief and practice among adolescent girls. To bridge this gap causes have to be identified and addressed. 

scholarly journals Knowledge and awareness of rural adults regarding endemic goitre

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Laskhy Rani Roy ◽  
Salam Khatun ◽  
Ashees Kumar Saha ◽  
Hafiza Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodized Salt ◽  
Endemic Goitre ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Salt Level

Knowledge and awareness related to goitre is very much important at community level for its prevention. Goitre is an iodine deficiency disease, which is in endemic in northern part of Bangladesh. This is a community based cross-sectional study conducted in rural areas of Kaharol Upzilla of Dinajpur district from January to December 2018. Data were collected by face to face interview from one adult in each of the purposively selected 377 households and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The study result showed that mean age of the respondents was 36.85±12.36 years where most of the respondents (82.2%) were female and 42.7% were illiterate. All of the respondents (100.0%) of the present study knew that endemic goitre means visible swelling in front of the neck. The present study revealed that 24.9% knew that endemic goitre is caused by lack of iodine in diet and having adequate iodine in diet was a way to prevent endemic goitre and 69.2% knew which food contained iodine. Majority of the respondents (57.2%) new that iodized salt contains iodine. The present study revealed that 0.8% had good knowledge regarding endemic goitre, 50.1% had average knowledge regarding endemic goitre and 49.1% had poor knowledge regarding endemic goitre. Most of the respondents, (81.7%) considered iodine an important element for body and 69.5% took iodine rich food. Though, the respondents had positive awareness regarding use of iodized salt. Level of knowledge regarding endemic goitre was associated with age (p=0.001), educational status (p<0.000), occupational status (p<0.006). Community based awareness program among school children, clubs, housewife etc. may increase the knowledge on endemic goitre at community members.

scholarly journals Relationship between depression and socio-demographic and illness characteristics in arsenicosis population of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Shamima Parvin Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A community based cross-sectional study was carried out by a self-structured questionnaire on 168 participants aged between 18 and 60 years at two arsenic prone area of Bangladesh to determine the association between extent of depression and socio-demographic as well as illness characteristics in arsenicosis population. The mean age ± SD was 42 ± 10.15 years. Female respondents were almost twice (63.1%) than the males (36.9%) in this study. Most of the respondents (94.0%) were shallow tube well water user. Among them most (80.0%) of the respondents were detected as arsenic contaminated water consumer over more than six months. Study estimated that almost half (44.3%) of the participants had suffered from mild to moderate depression in the moderate arsenicosis group. Less than quarter (20.8%) participants suffered severe depression in severe arsenicosis group. Quarter (26.7%) had mild arsenicosis with no depression. This difference was not significant. Gender had significant influence on proportion of level of depression. Females significantly suffered more from depressive symptoms than males. More than two third of the female respondents suffered from some kind of depressive symptoms; where less than one third of the males were suffered from depressive symptoms. Age has no significant relation with depression. Respondents who were 48 years and above age group had highest percentages of severe depressive symptoms (35.8%). This age group also suffered from highest percentage of mild to moderate depression (37.1%). Though most of the respondent (85.1) had no diabetes and hypertension. Respondents with physical illness suffered more from some sorts of depression than those without illness, but the result is not statistically significant. We understood that depression has health challenges in adult arsenicosis patients. Therefore, physicians should take account depression in their treatment management when deal with arsenicosis patients.

scholarly journals Awareness and involvement of fathers in care of their under five children in Jorpati, Kathmandu: A cross Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Sabitra Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Physical Care

Background: Children are not just mini human creatures, they are different entities and have unique need for care, nourishment, play, interaction and harmonious environment. Both parents are equally responsible for providing such environment for optimum growth and development of children. Involvement of fathers in care not only promotes their physical development but also fosters social, cognitive, language and motor development. Objectives: To assess the awareness and involvement of fathers in care of their under five children. Methodology: A community based cross sectional study was conducted at Anandanagar tole Gokarneshwar Municipality-8 Jorpati among 128 fathers with children under five years of age. Information was collected through face to face interview using structured questionnaire consisting of statement regarding awareness and involvement in care of their under five years children. Data analysis was done by using statistical package for social science version 16. Results: Majority (60.1%) of the fathers had average level of awareness about child care. Regarding involvement, 44.5 % of the fathers had poor involvement followed by average involvement i.e. 41.4% in physical care. Around two third (68.9%) of the fathers showed average involvement in psychological and intellectual developmental activities of their children. Conclusion: This study shows that though most of the fathers had average awareness regarding childcare, their involvement in the same was less especially in physical care activities.

scholarly journals Determinants of Anemia among Children Aged 6–59 Months Living in Kilte Awulaelo Woreda, Northern Ethiopia

Anemia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Gebreegziabiher ◽  
Belachew Etana ◽  
Daniel Niggusie
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Eastern Zone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Introduction.The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and determinant factors among children aged 6–59 months living in Kilte Awulaelo Woreda, eastern zone.Method.A community based cross-sectional study was conducted during February 2013 among 6 tabias of Kilte Awulaelo Woreda, northern Ethiopia. A total of 568 children were selected by systematic random sampling method. Anthropometric data and blood sample were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors related to anemia.Result.The mean hemoglobin level was 11.48 g/dl and about 37.3% of children were anemic. Children who were aged 6–23 months [AOR = 1.89: 95% CI (1.3, 2.8)], underweight [AOR = 2.05: 95% CI (1.3, 3.3)], having MUAC less than 12 cm [AOR = 3.35: 95% CI (2.1, 5.3)], and from households with annual income below 10,000 Ethiopian birr [AOR = 4.86: 95% CI (3.2, 7.3)] were more likely to become anemic.Conclusion.The prevalence of anemia among the children is found to be high. It was associated with annual household income, age, and nutritional status of the child. So, improving family income and increasing awareness of the mother/caregiver were important intervention.

scholarly journals Non-Compliance to Doctors’ Advices among Patients Suffering from Various Diseases: Patients’ Perspectives: A Neglected Issue

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalida Naz Memon ◽  
Nudrat Zeba Shaikh ◽  
Rafique Ahmed Soomro ◽  
Shazia Rehman Shaikh ◽  
Anza Mansoor Khwaja
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Compliance To Treatment

Background: An acknowledgement of the patient’s perspectives about compliance towards doctors’ advices is critical in ensuring better results of medical consultation. The compliance to therapies is a primary determinant of treatment success.The authors found a serious dearth of research on this issue.Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency & determinants of non-compliance towards doctors’ advices among study subjects.Method: The current community based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 230 subjects suffering from various illnesses. The patients were enrolled using convenience sampling. The data was collected on pre-structured Performa. The data comprises of questions regarding Patients compliance to doctor advises, that may be preventive, promotive and therapeutic care.Results: The mean age of respondents was 36.6 ± 7.4 years. The overall compliance to doctors’ advice was seen among 31.2% subjects. Compliance to treatment advice was 35.8 %; while towards health promotive advices was 29.5% & towards preventive advices against diseases was 28.4 percent.Seventy three percent of the total compliance was seento general practitionersin contrast to consultants i.e. 26.4%.Significant association was seen between compliance & older age (p=0.02), non-infectious diseases (p=0.04), severity of disease (p=0.01), oral route of administration (p=0.00) & shorter duration of disease (p=0.00). The results of association of compliance with gender however remained statistically insignificant.Conclusion: The study indicated that non-compliance towards doctors’ advices is a big public health issue & it should be taken as a hidden risk factor for diseases. The compliance towardsdoctor’sadvice was more prevalent for non-communicable diseases compared to communicable diseases. Additionally, fear of side effects and high cost of medicine were two major reasons for treatment non-compliance.J MEDICINE January 2017; 18 (1) : 10-14

scholarly journals To what extent physical distancing and other COVID-19 preventive measures being implemented among people in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia: exploring evidence for an urgent call for action?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekuria Asnakew Asfaw ◽  
Tsegaye Yohannes ◽  
Chuchu Churko ◽  
Alemayehu Bekele ◽  
Teklu Wegayehu
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Mean

Background The number of confirmed Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases surge substantially in resource-poor settings within the fragile health system. Since there are no proven vaccine and treatment in place against the disease, controlling strategy mainly rely on preventive measures. However, data on the extent of implementing physical distancing and other preventive measures were under estimated. This study, therefore, investigated these gaps among people in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia. Methods We conducted a community based cross-sectional study in Arba Minch town; from 15-30 June 2020. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire and checklist. Then, data were cleaned, coded and entered to EpiData version 4.4.2, and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Results Of the total participants (459), 43.6% achieved above the mean score (6) on preventive measures of COVID-19. Only 29.8% of participants kept the recommended physical distance, and surprisingly, in all public gathering places the distance was not kept totally. In addition, of the total participants, only 37.7% had face-mask use practice; 20.5% had hand sanitizer use practice, and 13.1% were measuring their body temperature every two weeks. Moreover, 42.5% of participants avoided attendance in public gatherings; 44.7% stopped touching their nose, eye and mouth; 55.6% practiced stay-at-home; and 60% had frequent hand washing practice. Majority of participants (66.7%) practiced covering their mouth and nose while coughing or sneezing; 68.2% had treatment seeking behavior if they experience flue like symptoms; 69.1% practiced isolating themselves while having flue like symptoms; and 89.3% avoided hand shaking. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that physical distancing and other COVID-19 preventive measures were inadequately implemented among people in Arba Minch town. Thus, an urgent call for action is demanding to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 as early as possible before it brings a devastating impact.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice towards management of orthodontic emergency during COVID-19 pandemic among orthodontic professionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Sanjay Prasad Gupta ◽  
Shristi Rauniyar
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Online Forms ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: An orthodontic emergency is a problem arising from an orthodontic appliance and the patient may experience pain and discomfort, where an unscheduled appointment might be required to resolve the issue. Dental care settings invariably carry the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the nature of procedures performed. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards management of orthodontic emergency during COVID-19 pandemic among orthodontic professionals. Materials and Method: In this descriptive cross sectional study, evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and practice towards management of orthodontic emergency during COVID-19 pandemic were done by administering the online semi-structured questionnaire consisting of 20 questions to 120 orthodontic professionals of the Nepal through online platforms. The filled online forms were then documented for further evaluation. Result: This study found that among the total of 120 participants, 74 (61.66%) were male while 46 (38.33%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 36.4±6.45 years while mean years of experiences was 6.15±5.55 years. Most of the orthodontists think that poking distal wire or ligature wire (87.5%) followed by periodontal abscess (85.8%) around the loose band as the most common orthodontic emergencies. Majority of the orthodontists recommended that, the patient should be triaged by telephone or through video call (79.1%), ask the patient to take picture and send to identify the type of problem (74.1%) while offer any interim self-care advise to solve the problem (58.3%) before face to face consultation. Around 57.5% of orthodontists were practicing only for urgent and emergency cases during this pandemic and lockdown. Conclusion: This study showed that most of the orthodontic professionals had adequate knowledge about orthodontic emergency problems and had positive attitude towards their profession but the practice was limited due to COVID-19 pandemic and the risks involved in this.

Predictors of Caregiver Burden of Moderate and Severe Stroke Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study from South India

2021 ◽  
pp. 251660852098054
Author(s):  
Usha M. Khanapur ◽  
Jacob John ◽  
Arun Mathai Mani ◽  
Sanjith Aaron
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Stroke ◽  
Decompressive Hemicraniectomy ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Caregivers have an important role in stroke recovery, especially after the acute phase of treatment. Caregiving for stroke survivors is associated with caregiver burden. Knowledge of factors influencing this caregiver burden is important for both the patient and the caregiver. Aim: To study the prevalence and predictors of major caregiver burden in survivors of moderate to severe stroke treated both conservatively and with surgical decompression. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study where caregivers of stroke survivors with moderate to severe disability at discharge (modified Rankin Scale >3) were assessed between 3 months and 3 years of discharge. Results: Caregivers of 115 stroke survivors (82 conservatively treated and 33 who underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy) were studied. The majority (80%) were females. The mean period of caregiving was 18.8 ± 10.3 months (range 3-44 months). Major caregiver burden was seen in 36% (confidence interval [CI] = 27.3-44.7%). The significant predictors of major caregiver burden were daily caregiving for ≥4 hours (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 5.3; CI = 1.84-15.3), patient activities of daily living dependency (AOR 3.66; CI = 1.03-13.03), and caregiver being the spouse (AOR 4.52; CI = 1.25-16.3). A total of 17% of the caregivers stopped working. Only (18%) had health insurance and 59% had borrowed money for treatment. A total of 88% of caregivers were happy regarding their decision to opt for surgery despite their current burden. Conclusion: Caregivers had stress in various domains. Shortening the caregiving hours especially in the initial months may help reduce the burden since the caregiver burden is also influenced by the patient’s dependency which improves over time.

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