scholarly journals Social capital, policy fairness, and subjective life satisfaction of earthquake survivors in Wenchuan, China: a longitudinal study based on post-earthquake survey data

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianxi Wang ◽  
Danyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Earthquake Survivors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Abstract Background Existing research has rarely examined an earthquake’s sustained impact and the trajectory of the earthquake survivors’ life satisfaction over time. This study aims to analyze longitudinal changes in life satisfaction of Wenchuan earthquake survivors and the impact of social capital and government relief policy. Methods This research applied a hierarchical linear model to longitudinal survey data collected after the earthquake. The survey was divided into three waves and was collected from Deyang City and Mianyang City of Sichuan Province. A random sampling method was used; a sample of 225 participants had valid responses over three waves of the survey. Results This study found that a survivor’s social capital and the perception of the fairness of government relief policy have a significant effect on the trajectory of life satisfaction post-disaster. First, the initial life satisfaction of those with high social capital was significantly higher than of those with low social capital, whilst survivors with high social capital had a lower rate of change in life satisfaction. Second, one year after the earthquake, those who felt government policy was unfair had a lower life satisfaction than those who felt it was fair. However, from the first year to the fourth year after the disaster, survivors who believed that the government policy was unfair experienced a higher rate of change in life satisfaction than those who did not. Third, the fairness of government relief policy moderates the relationship between survivors’ social capital and changes in life satisfaction. A fair policy of relief can reduce the negative impact of the lack of individual social capital on life satisfaction. Conclusions Survivors reconstruct life satisfaction through their social network and the perception of the fairness of the government’s post-disaster relief policy. Therefore, to promote the improvement of life satisfaction of survivors, it is necessary to cultivate social capital and ensure fairness of the relief policy.

scholarly journals Disaster-Recovery Social Capital and Community Participation in Earthquake-Stricken Ya’an Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Li ◽  
Xihan Tan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Relationship Network ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Social capital plays a significant role in post-disaster community participation and disaster recovery. This study divides social capital into three aspects: Cognition, structure, and relation, and discusses the impact of these factors on community participation in post-disaster recovery. Through data analysis, we found that a self-organized relationship villager network had a positive effect on villagers’ participation in voluntary community activities after an earthquake, while the local cadre relationship network had a negative impact. However, the latter could encourage villagers to participate in disaster-recovery activities organized by the local government. These findings indicate that the mobilization mechanism for post-disaster local-government reconstruction and community self-organization are the same, both coming through the social-acquaintance network, a type of noninstitutionalized social capital. The implication of this study suggests that local government should attach much importance to the construction and integration of social networks in earthquake-stricken areas to cultivate community social capital.

scholarly journals Does Social Capital Help to Reduce Farmland Abandonment? Evidence from Big Survey Data in Rural China

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Deng ◽  
Miao Zeng ◽  
Dingde Xu ◽  
Yanbin Qi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Farmland Abandonment ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
The Impact

At a time when COVID-19 is sweeping the world, farmland abandonment is obviously not conducive to solving food security problems. Since the formal institutions of local government in China have not been effective in the reduction of farmland abandonment, this study aims to explore whether informal institutions can help mitigate this problem. Based on big survey data from 8031 farmer households in 27 provinces in mainland China, this study uses an econometric model to investigate the quantitative impact of social capital on farmland abandonment, and to analyze the channels through which that impact manifests itself. The empirical results point to the following conclusions: (i) Social capital, as a key informal institution, can help reduce farmland abandonment. More specifically, after controlling for other variables, for every unit increase in social capital, the proportion of farmland abandonment can be predicted to drop by 7.17 percentage points. (ii) Both off-farm employment and farmland rent are channels for the impact of social capital on farmland abandonment. However, social capital’s effect on increasing farmland abandonment via the promotion of off-farm employment is small when compared with its effect on reducing farmland abandonment via the promotion of farmland rent. This study’s conclusions may help generate new ideas for reducing farmland abandonment. At the same time, the study may provide a sound, empirical basis for policies aimed at reducing the negative impact of COVID-19 on food security while also revitalizing rural areas.

scholarly journals The Perceived Impact of Social Networking Sites and Apps on the Social Capital of Saudi Postgraduate Students: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Abdulelah A. Alghamdi ◽  
Margaret Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

With the increased use of Social Networking Sites and Apps (SNSAs) in Saudi Arabia, it is important to consider the impact of this on the social lives of tertiary students, who are heavy users of such technology. A mixed methods study exploring the effect of SNSAs use on the social capital of Saudi postgraduate students was conducted using a multidimensional construct of social capital, which included the components of life satisfaction, social trust, civic participation, and political engagement. Data were collected through surveys and interviews involving 313 male and 293 female postgraduate students from Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Makkah. Findings show that male and female participants perceived SNSAs use impacting all components of social capital at a moderate and mainly positive level. Correlational analysis demonstrated medium to large positive correlations among components of social capital. Gender differences were not evident in the life satisfaction and social trust components; however, females reported more involvement with SNSAs for the purposes of political engagement while males reported more use for civic participation, which is an interesting finding, in light of the norms and traditional culture of Saudi society.

scholarly journals Expected effects of the US tax reform on other countries: global and local survey evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1608-1630
Author(s):  
Dorine Boumans ◽  
Clemens Fuest ◽  
Carla Krolage ◽  
Klaus Wohlrabe
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Business Survey ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Jobs Act ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act constitutes the largest change to the US tax system since the 1980s and thoroughly alters the way in which multinational companies are taxed. Current assessments on the reform’s international impact vary widely. This article sheds light on the tax reform’s expected effects on other countries. We first use representative German business survey data to analyze the impact of the reform on German firms. Many firms with substantial US revenues or capacities in the USA intend to expand US investment in response to the reform, in particular large firms and manufacturing companies. The effects on investment in Germany are ambiguous: While some firms substitute between investment locations, others expand in both countries. We subsequently extend our analysis to a global level using worldwide survey data. The results suggest a negative impact on tax revenues and investment in countries with close economic ties to the USA.

Social Capital in Britain

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER A. HALL
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
Post War ◽  
British Case ◽  
The Impact

Recent findings show an apparent erosion in the United States over the post-war years of ‘social capital’ understood as the propensity of individuals to associate together on a regular basis, to trust one another, and to engage in community affairs. This article examines the British case for similar trends, finding no equivalent erosion. It proposes explanations for the resilience of social capital in Britain, rooted in educational reform, the transformation of the class structure, and government policy. It concludes by drawing some general lessons from the British case that stress the importance of the distributive dimensions of social capital and the impact that governments can have on it.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Emergency: Faux Healthcare Service Causes Distress and Life Dissatisfaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
A. Bhattacharjee ◽  
V. Bansal ◽  
M. K. I. Juman
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Life Dissatisfaction ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aims: In Bangladesh, a significant number of individuals experienced a faux coronavirus test, especially at the profit oriented private hospitals or clinics during the COVID-19 emergency. Therefore, the prime purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of healthcare service faux pas on the mental health of Bangladeshi people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the current study even explored the changes in life satisfaction of Bangladeshi individuals due to the faux SARS-CoV-2 tests in the country. Moreover, the study also dealt with the satisfaction of the people on the healthcare service during the COVID-19 emergency in Bangladesh.  Study Design: The current research was conducted as a descriptive and bi-monthly cross-sectional study and used the snowball sampling technique to collect the survey data in Bangladesh. Place and Duration of Study: This study was employed in Dhaka division and Comilla division of Bangladesh between June and July in 2020. Methodology: In this study, we surveyed 393 Bangladeshi individuals from two divisions of the country. We measured mental & physical health (SF12), depression (PHQ2), anxiety (GAD2), distress (K6), life satisfaction and overall satisfaction on healthcare service. Survey data was analyzed on STATA platform to find the study findings. Results: This research found that Bangladeshi people experienced lower levels of mental and physical health conditions with the mean (STD) values of 23.1 (6.9) and 37.2 (9.1) respectively. Among the study participants, female individuals (60.05%) were mostly dissatisfied with the COVID-19 emergency healthcare service and dealt with more severe mental and physical disorders than male persons (39.95%) in the country. In this perspective, the study explored a dramatic increase in the mental stress and steady decline in life satisfaction of Bangladeshi individuals due to the false COVID-19 test certificates. Therefore, most of them had to go through multiple coronavirus tests to confirm the infected status. Additionally, participants visited at private hospitals for SARS-CoV-2 emergency support had higher levels of distress and dissatisfaction on the private healthcare services. Finally, the study found literally poor life satisfaction among all participants.   Conclusion: The study found mental distress and life dissatisfaction caused by a private healthcare service faux pas in Bangladesh. So, this study suggests that a surge in the private healthcare service faux pas during or post coronavirus pandemic needs sustainable policy standards by the Government and nongovernment concerns. Fruitfully, the proper implementation of new policies especially for the private healthcare organizations is indeed essential to ensure a stress free healthy healthcare environment as well as higher life satisfaction for every individual in the country.

scholarly journals Impact of Human and Social Capital on Economic Development in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence From Primary Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sibt-e- Ali ◽  
Imran Sharif Chaudhary ◽  
Fatima Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Primary Data Analysis ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of human and social capital on economic development in Pakistan by employing empirical evidence from primary data analysis. The survey was conducted in Multan District based on the household concerning questionnaire. The results conclude that age, on job training, area of residence, public health units, and work experience have positive and significant impact on economic development, while norms of the society and gender have negative impact on economic development.  In other words, it is empirically evident from the analysis that human and social capital has strong impact on economic development.  Therefore, there is an ardent need to bring the sustainable changes in human and social capital for inclusive growth and economic development in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Kebijakan Pemerintah Dalam Percepatan Penanganan Dampak Covid 19 Di Kota Denpasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Artayasa
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
City Government ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Cash Assistance ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

A Corona abstract Virus is a new type of coronavirus that is contagious to humans. The Virus can attack anyone, whether it is infants, children, adults, seniors, pregnant women, and nursing mothers.This viral infection is called COVID-19 and was first discovered in the city of Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019The Virus is contagious rapidly and has spread to other regions in China and to several coun- tries, including Indonesia.The positive impact is more concerned with the health of all worlds in collaboration with each other.Air quality improved. Negative impact. Hoard food; Price of goods rose mainly masks, sanitizer, temperature gauge to the drug, purchasing power down, debt skyrocketed; Revenue decreased due to redeployed, can not pay installments to the bank on time; School and college fees increase to support learning with technology.Denpasar city government policy in accelerating the impact handling Covid 19 in Denpasar City:Program, the help of basic cash assistance to employees of the formal sector, the direct assistance of cash to the informal workers

Permanent Housing in Community Socio-Ecological Recovery: The Case of T. Vilufushi, Maldives

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Peter M. Lawther
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Permanent Housing ◽  
The Government ◽  
Housing Reconstruction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Housing is perhaps the most common component of a community’s manufactured capital wealth stocks damaged or destroyed by natural disasters. Consequently the restoration of housing in the recovery process takes on a paramount significance. This significance is magnified by the complexity of housing restoration and the varying and specialised skill sets required to deliver it. Such complexity is exemplified through both the different phases of post-disaster housing required following a disaster and the role of housing in the broader socio-ecological system of a community. Housing is inextricably linked to livelihoods, physical and mental health, security and social capital. Successful post-disaster restoration of housing must identify and embrace such linkages. This paper explores this notion through examination of the impact of the permanent housing reconstruction of the T. Vilufushi community, Maldives, following the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, which completely destroyed the island of Vilufushi. The community were temporarily relocated for 4½ years whilst Vilufushi was totally reconstructed by the Government of Maldives and the British Red Cross. Such reconstruction was undertaken to cater for not only the original population of 1800, but also a projected population of 5000, as the Government of Maldives utilised the opportunity afforded by the Tsunami to pursue its longstanding population consolidation policy. The post-occupancy impact of the permanent housing reconstruction program upon the wider socio-ecological system of the Vilufushi community is explored via a qualitative research methodology utilising the four wealth capitals of sustainable development as its analytical framework. Field data collection methods comprised focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observations. This was supplemented with ongoing document collection and review. Data was analysed using a pattern match technique / content analysis, preceding a holistic recovery network analysis. Results of the research indicate that the delivery of the permanent housing on Vilufushi has undermined the human, natural and social capital wealth stocks of the community. The implications are that permanent housing reconstruction needs to be considered as much as a social process, as an engineering process. This in turn, has implications for the skillsets of those charged to deliver such projects, and also the organisations that employ them.

The Negative Impact of Group Psychological Abuse on Life Satisfaction and Well-being

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110425
Author(s):  
Omar Saldaña ◽  
Oscar Wu-Salmeron ◽  
Emma Antelo ◽  
Álvaro Rodríguez-Carballeira
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Impact

In the context of the adverse effects of psychological abuse, this study examined satisfaction with life, psychological well-being, and social well-being in survivors of social groups that are high-demand, manipulative, totalitarian, or abusive toward their members. We specifically tested the mediating role between group psychological abuse and current well-being of psychological stress suffered after leaving the group. An online questionnaire was administered to 636 Spanish-speaking former members of different groups, 377 victims of group psychological abuse and 259 nonvictims. Participants reporting group psychological abuse showed significantly lower levels of life satisfaction, psychological well-being, and social well-being compared to nonvictims. Greater differences in well-being between victims and nonvictims were related to positive relationships with others ( d = .85), self-acceptance ( d = .51), social integration ( d = .44), and social acceptance ( d = .41). Victims’ life satisfaction and well-being were positively correlated with the time that has passed since leaving the group, but nonsignificant effects were found regarding the type of the group (i.e., religious vs. nonreligious), the age at which they joined the group (i.e., born into or raised in the group vs. during adulthood), the length of group membership, and the method of leaving (i.e., personal reflection, counseled, or expelled). Moderate associations were found between group psychological abuse, psychological stress, and well-being measures, and results demonstrated that psychological stress mediated the impact of group psychological abuse on life satisfaction and well-being. Understanding the negative impact of group psychological abuse on well-being is important to promote survivors’ optimal functioning during their integration process into the out-group society.

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