scholarly journals Sociodemographic differences in motives for food selection: results from the LoCard cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Konttinen ◽  
Otto Halmesvaara ◽  
Mikael Fogelholm ◽  
Hannu Saarijärvi ◽  
Jaakko Nevalainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
Special Diets ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Food Motives

Abstract Background Although sociodemographic differences in dietary intake have been widely studied, the up-to-date evidence on the corresponding variations in motives for food selection is limited. We investigated how sociodemographic characteristics and special diets in households are associated with the relative importance of various food motives. Methods Participants were members of the S Group loyalty card program across Finland who consented to release their grocery purchase data to be used for research purposes and responded to a web-based questionnaire in 2018 (LoCard study). Self-reported information on sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, living situation, education, household income), special diets in household and food motives (Food Choice Questionnaire) were utilized in the present analyses (N = 10,795). Age- and gender-adjusted linear models were performed separately for each sociodemographic predictor and motive dimension (derived by factor analysis) outcome. The importance of each sociodemographic predictor was evaluated based on an increase in R2 value after adding the predictor to the age- and gender-adjusted model. Results Age emerged as a central determinant of food motives with the following strongest associations: young adults emphasized convenience (∆R2 = 0.09, P < 0.001) and mood control (∆R2 = 0.05, P < 0.001) motives more than middle-aged and older adults. The relative importance of cheapness decreased with increasing socioeconomic position (SEP) (∆R2 = 0.08, P < 0.001 for income and ∆R2 = 0.04, P < 0.001 for education). However, the price item (“is good value for money”) depicting the concept of worth did not distinguish between SEP categories. Considerations related to familiarity of food were more salient to men (∆R2 = 0.02, P < 0.001) and those with lower SEP (∆R2 = 0.03, P < 0.001 for education and ∆R2 = 0.01, P < 0.001 for income). Respondents living in households with a vegetarian, red-meat-free, gluten-free or other type of special diet rated ethical concern as relatively more important than households with no special diets (∆R2 = 0.02, P < 0.001). Conclusions We observed sociodemographic differences in a range of food motives that might act as barriers or drivers for adopting diets that benefit human and planetary health. Interventions aiming to narrow SEP and gender disparities in dietary intake should employ strategies that take into account higher priority of familiarity and price in daily food selection in lower-SEP individuals and males.

scholarly journals Obesity in Saudi Arabia in 2020: Prevalence, Distribution, and Its Current Association with Various Health Conditions

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Nora A. Althumiri ◽  
Mada H. Basyouni ◽  
Norah AlMousa ◽  
Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim ◽  
Rasha A. Almubark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Colon Diseases

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases and health conditions. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia and described the current national-level status of the association between obesity and various health conditions. This study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted over phone-interviews in June 2020. In this study, a proportional quota-sampling technique was used to obtain equal distributions of participants, stratified by age and gender, across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Weight and height were self-reported, and the obesity was determined as BMI ≥ 30. Logistic regression adjusted for age and gender was used for exploring current associations between obesity and health conditions. Of the 6239 participants contacted, 4709 participants responded and completed the interview with a response rate of 75.48%. Of them, 50.1% were female, the mean age was 36.4 ± 13.5 (Range: 18–90), and the median age was 36. The national weighted prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was 24.7%, and the prevalence in the sample (unweighted) was 21.7%. Obesity was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes [Odd ratio, (OR) = 1.52], hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.69), hypertension (OR = 1.61), lung diseases (OR = 1.69), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.57), sleep apnea (OR = 1.82), colon diseases (OR = 1.31), and thyroid disorders (OR = 1.8). This study provides an update on the recent prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. It also shows the variation in prevalence rates between different regions, which might be explored further. Although obesity shows a decreasing trend, almost one-quarter of this study sample were obese. Obesity is currently associated with many health conditions that can affect the individuals’ quality of life, impose stress on the healthcare system and impose an economic burden on the country. This evidence highlights the need for action to focus more on obesity in Saudi Arabia.

Psychiatric disorders and social characteristics among second-generation Moroccan migrants in Belgium: An age–and gender–controlled study conducted in a psychiatric emergency department

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fossion ◽  
Y. Ledoux ◽  
F. Valente ◽  
L. Servais ◽  
L. Staner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

SummaryPurpose.Clinically, one of the most consistent clinical findings among migrant patients is an increase in the rate of psychosis. The aim of the present study was to confirm this finding in Belgium by comparing second-generation Moroccan migrant patients with Belgian patients, matched for the variables of age and gender.Subjects and method.We conducted a cross-sectional survey on 272 patients admitted in a psychiatric emergency unit during the year 1998. We used univariate and multivariate analyses to compare the two subgroups.Results.Multivariate analyses showed that migrant patients lived more often with their parental family and that they presented a higher rate of admission for psychotic disorders and a lower rate of employment.Discussion.Our findings add to the growing body of results showing increased incidence of psychosis among immigrants to European countries, but several factors have to be taken into account, particularly with regard to selection biases and differences in help-seeking behaviour and in family perception of the mental illness.Conclusion.Our results are compatible with the hypothesis that unemployment is a contributing factor in the risk for psychosis among migrant groups. Further studies would be needed to better explain some of our results, particularly the role played by the families of migrant patients.

scholarly journals The sociocultural and behavioural characteristics that patients want in psychiatrists: cross-sectional survey of patients’ views

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Richard Laugharne ◽  
Stefan Priebe ◽  
Agnes Chevalier ◽  
Catherine Paton ◽  
Rajaei K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Sociocultural Characteristics ◽  
And Gender

Aims and method There appears to be no research to date investigating patients’ preferences for sociocultural characteristics or behavioural qualities of psychiatrists. We aimed to assess which are most important to patients. Patients (132) in community mental health teams across two sites (East Cornwall, East London) completed a questionnaire ranking the importance of different sociocultural characteristics and behaviours of psychiatrists. Results Patients cared more about age and gender than other characteristics. Four preferences (from a choice of ten) regarding behavioural qualities were clearly identified as important: explaining things clearly, dedication to personal treatment, being friendly and polite, and being up to date with medical knowledge. Clinical implications Patients are fairly unconcerned about the age, gender, religion and social background of psychiatrists. Characteristics they care about most include communication skills, competence, dedication to personal treatment and friendliness. Explaining things clearly is particularly important. This indicates specific areas of improvement for training and further research.

Assessing Smoking Prevalence Amongst School Children in a Health Board Region

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Knight
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Health Board ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
School Year ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
And Gender

The objective of the study was to provide baseline data for Tayside in 1995 on the prevalence of smoking cigarettes in school children, aged 11 to 15 years. The design was a cross-sectional survey of 4675 children, obtained using a random cluster sample of 79 schools, stratified by school year and deprivation category. The main outcomes measures using a structured questionnaire, were the prevalence and level of smoking, by age and gender. The prevalence rate of regular smoking was 9% (95% CI 8.2%–9.8%). The rate rises appreciably for boys between 13 and 14years and for girls between 12 and 13 years. Source of cigarettes was also an outcome measure, most cigarettes were obtained from small shops. Health Boards require a standard method for collecting regional baseline data on the prevalence of smoking among children both for evaluation of targeted health promotion initiatives by age and gender and also for comparison of regional smoking prevalence with national targets.

scholarly journals Effects of Gender and Age on Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index in Hypertensive Patients: Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4482
Author(s):  
Hyunju Dan ◽  
Jiyoung Kim ◽  
Oksoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Aged Group ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Cholesterol Intake ◽  
And Gender

Controlling weight and dietary intake are important for hypertensive patients to manage their blood pressure. However, the interaction effect of gender and age on weight and dietary intake is not well known. The aim of this study was to examine the main and interaction effects of age and gender on body mass index (BMI) and dietary intake in hypertensive patients. We analyzed data from 4287 participants with hypertension (1600 participants 45–64 years old and 2687 participants 65 years or older) who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2016). Two-way ANOVAs were conducted to examine the main and interaction effects of age and gender on BMI and dietary intake. Gender and age had significant main effects on BMI, intake of energy, cholesterol, sodium, and potassium. However, both gender and age illustrated interaction effects on BMI (F = 8.398, p = 0.004), energy intake (F = 12.882, p < 0.001), and cholesterol intake (F = 6.107, p = 0.014), while not showing any significant interaction effects on sodium (F = 3.547, p = 0.060) and potassium (F = 3.396, p = 0.066). Compared to the middle-aged group, BMI, energy intake, and cholesterol intake decreased in the older-aged group. However, the declines were steeper in men than in women. Therefore, both gender and age need to be considered for weight and dietary intake management for hypertensive patients.

Variations in Energy and Nutrient Specific Consumption Over the Course of Therapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 2575-2575
Author(s):  
Kara M Kelly ◽  
Elena J. Ladas ◽  
Peter Cole ◽  
Lewis B. Silverman ◽  
Manuela Orjuela
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Abstract 2575 Introduction: Few research studies have investigated the nutritional status of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Preliminary studies have found that malnutrition is associated with lower 5-year survival, increased relapse rates and more frequent reductions in chemotherapy dose. The extent of malnutrition has not been well characterized. Results of a prospective multi-institution study investigating dietary micronutrient intake over the course of treatmentfor ALL are reported. Methods: Assessment of dietary intake was collected for participants enrolled on the DFCI ALL Consortium Protocol 05-001 from 2005–2011. Institutional review board approval was obtained by each of the 9 participating centers. Dietary intake was assessed at three timepoints in therapy: diagnosis (T1), Day 32 (end) of induction therapy (T2), and 15 months post-diagnosis (T3) (during maintenance therapy) with the Harvard Service Food Frequency Questionnaire for children ages 1–5 years and the Youth and Adolescent Harvard Food Frequency Questionnaire for children ages 5–18 years. Questionnaires were self-administered and were completed by parents or primary care takers when children were below age 6 years. Dietary intake was examined by comparing energy and nutrient specific consumption above and below recommended intake using age specific values for Dietary Reference Intake (DRI). Results: Among 794 patients with ALL registered on the 05-001 Protocol, dietary intake questionnaires were availablefor 622, 564, and 423 patients at T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Median age of participants at T1 was 5 yrs (range 1–17.9 yrs) and 272 (44%) were female, 350 (56%) were male. Initial leukemia risk classification included 363 standard risk (58%) and 259 (42%) high risk. At diagnosis, the majority of children reported consuming more than the age and gender specific DRI. For 388 children (62%), reported caloric intake was >25% the DRI, while another 81 (13%) reported caloric consumption >10% the DRI. In contrast, only 116 (19%) did not meet the DRI. At T2, similar findings were observed, despite administration of a 32 day prednisone course which would have been expected to result in a higher proportion of children exceeding recommended caloric intake. Of those responding at T2, 128 (23%) were not meeting the DRI, while 65 (12%) and 335 (59%) exceeded the recommended caloric intake by >10% and >25% respectively. During maintenance therapy (T3), total caloric intake declined with a greater proportion of participating children reporting intake below the DRI (30%) and a smaller proportion reporting intake >25%DRI (49%), while the proportion consuming recommended intake or >10% DRI remained stable. Distribution of children reporting nutrient consumption below, at, or above age and gender specific DRI values for key micronutrients is summarized in Figure 1. The majority of patients did not meet the DRI for vitamin E and vitamin D at all 3 time points, while nearly half the participants exceeded the DRI for zinc and folate. Conclusions: The majority of children with newly diagnosed ALL have evidence of overnutrition or malnutrition, as demonstrated by overconsumption of calories, or deficiency or overconsumption of key micronutrients, which may be associated with increased risk for treatment related toxicities. Increased consumption of folate during the maintenance phase in which methotrexate is a major component of treatment also needs further study. Additional analyses are underway to explore these relationships. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Nationwide cross-sectional survey of patients with relapsing polychondritis in 2019 demonstrates reduction of airway involvement compared with that in 2009

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shimizu ◽  
Yoshihisa Yamano ◽  
Kimito Kawahata ◽  
Noboru Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Relapsing Polychondritis ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
And Gender

AbstractWe conducted retrospective cohort studies of patients with relapsing polychondritis (RP) twice in 2009 and 2019, using a physician questionnaire. We compared the patients’ clinical statuses between the years. Age and gender were comparable between the two surveys. Mean disease duration was longer in 2019 survey (8.3 years) than that in 2009 survey (4.8 years, P < 0.001). The mortality rate declined in 2019 survey compared with those in 2009 survey (from 9.2 to 1.6%, P < 0.001). Incidence of airway involvement decreased in 2019 survey compared with that in 2009 survey (from 49 to 37%, P = 0.012). In 2019 survey, we found more frequent use of biological agents and immunosuppressants in patients with airway involvement. When we focused on RP patients with airway involvement, physicians in 2019 chose methotrexate and calcineurin inhibitors preferentially, compared with azathioprine and cyclophosphamide. Of note is that increased use of infliximab was observed in RP patients with airway involvement, but not in those without. Reduction of airway involvement and mortality in patients with RP was observed in 2019 survey. The reduction may associate with the frequent use of biologics including infliximab in RP patients with airway involvement.

Preferences for end-of-life care settings among the healthy population in Israel—Related socio-demographic variables

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yaira Hamama-Raz ◽  
Yael Cohen ◽  
Menachem Ben-Ezra
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Eol Care ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objective Preferences for end-of-life (EoL) care settings is of considerable interest for developing public health policy and EoL care strategies. Culture, the cause of illness, and background characteristics may impact preferences. The present study aimed to explore preferences for EoL care settings: homes, hospitals, and inpatient hospice units among the general healthy population in Israel. Possible associations between the setting preferences and socio-demographic characteristics were also examined. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 311 healthy adults who were recruited through a representative internet panel of the Israeli population using the Israeli census sampling method. The sex ratio was almost 1:1 with 158 women (50.8%) and 153 men (49.2%). All participants completed self-report measures using an online survey system. The questionnaires assessed sociodemographics and preferences for EoL care settings. Results This survey revealed that 52.1% of the participants expressed preference for being cared for at home rather than in an inpatient hospice unit, 40.8% expressed being cared for at home rather than in a hospital, while 36.7% had no preference regarding being cared for in hospital or in a hospice unit. Among the socio-demographic variables, only age and gender were found to be significantly associated with preferences for EoL care settings. Significance of results The present study highlights the need to be cautious when regarding home as the preferred EoL care setting, as some individuals declared that they would prefer EoL hospice/hospital care. Age and gender should be considered when discussing and tailoring strategies regarding EoL preferences.

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