scholarly journals Hidden scars: the impact of violence and the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s mental health

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najat Maalla M’jid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hidden Scars ◽  
Do So

Abstract More than 1 billion children are exposed to violence every year. The devastating immediate and long-term impact of violence on the mental health of children is well established. Despite commitments made by the international community to end violence against children and support their mental health, there has been a serious lack of investment and capacity to provide quality, rights-based, culturally appropriate mental health care globally. The arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic has magnified these challenges. This article outlines how the risk of children experiencing violence has increased and how the pandemic has weakened the capacity of child protection and mental health services to respond. The article argues for child protection, mental health and other core services to be prioritized during and after the pandemic. A failure to do so will undermine the international community’s ability to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 and to fulfil its obligations under the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

Impact of Child Sexual Abuse on Females: Toward a Developmental, Psychobiological Integration

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope K. Trickett ◽  
Frank W. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Basic Theme ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

In the last decade, it has become clear that the sexual abuse of children is much more prevalent than previously realized and that such abuse has extensive mental health sequelae. Females are reported victims of sexual abuse much more often than males. The peak age of onset of sexual abuse for females is prepubertal—7 or 8 years of age—and the average duration fends to be about 2 years. The basic theme of this article is that there may be directly traceable mechanistic relationships between the impact of sexual abuse on specific psychological and biological developmental processes for females and some of the adult outcomes of that abuse. Specifically, it is proposed that, to understand the long-term impact of sexual abuse, it is necessary to investigate how it may interfere with both the psychological and the biological processes of pubertal development.

The Sustainable Development Goals and Multilateral Agreements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arild Underdal ◽  
Rakhyun E. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Governance System ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores goal setting, as exemplified by the Sustainable Development Goals, as a governance strategy for reforming or rearranging existing international agreements and organizations so as to enhance their overall performance in promoting sustainable development. It discusses the political and entrepreneurial challenges peculiar to bringing existing international institutions into line, and identifies the conditions under which goal setting could be an effective tool for orchestration. The chapter concludes that, because of their ecumenical diversity and soft priorities, the Sustainable Development Goals are not likely to serve as effective instruments for fostering convergence. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides neither an overarching norm that can serve as a platform for more specific goals nor an integrating vision of what long-term sustainable development in the Anthropocene means. In the absence of such an overarching principle and vision, the impact of the Sustainable Development Goals on global governance will likely materialize primarily as spurring some further clustering of existing regimes and organizations within crowded policy domains. The Sustainable Development Goals cannot be expected to generate major architectural reforms that will significantly reduce the fragmentation of the global governance system at large.

The Mental Health of U.S. Parents During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-335
Author(s):  
Margaret R. Lamar ◽  
Megan Speciale ◽  
Lisa K. Forbes ◽  
Courtney Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Problem Alcohol Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Evidence suggests parents experience unique pandemic-related stressors related to isolation, food insecurity, school closures, and unemployment. This study examined 1,048 U.S. parents’ depression, anxiety, stress, and alcohol and substance use behaviors during March and April 2020 to better understand the impact of pandemic-related conditions on parents’ mental health. Mean scores indicated severe levels of depression and stress and extremely severe anxiety. Nearly two thirds (74.7%) indicated alcohol use in the past month, with 26.5% scoring in the range for problem alcohol use. Almost half of the sample reported using at least one substance in the previous 2 weeks. Men had significantly higher alcohol consumption and substance use than women. Depression, anxiety, and stress were higher for parents who consumed alcohol or substances and had a history of depression or anxiety. The long-term impact of COVID-19 is unknown, and mental health care is likely to be in high demand moving forward.

scholarly journals Introduction

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
David H. Skuse
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Developed World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

Trauma can have both acute and insidious effects upon children's mental health. We present four articles, each of which offers a new perspective on this important topic. As Daniel Pine points out, in the first paper, as many as one in five children in the developed world can expect to experience a truly traumatic event, while half those in developing countries may do so. Such experiences can be either personal – such as emotional or sexual abuse – or impersonal – being shot or blown up in a conflict of which one understands little, except the misery it brings. How do children cope? We know that there are at least two important influences that moderate the impact of trauma on the developing child: the persistence and severity of the experience, and the degree of social support available. Beyond these broad generalisations, little is understood about what should be done or what could be done to minimise the long-term consequences of growing up in an environment characterised by cruelty, exploitation and death.

scholarly journals Increased Internet Searches for Insomnia as an Indicator of Global Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multinational Longitudinal Study

10.2196/22181 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. e22181
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Ting-Wei Chiang ◽  
Yu-Lun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
The United States ◽  
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Background Real-time global mental health surveillance is urgently needed for tracking the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study aimed to use Google Trends data to investigate the impact of the pandemic on global mental health by analyzing three keywords indicative of mental distress: “insomnia,” “depression,” and “suicide.” Methods We examined increases in search queries for 19 countries. Significant increases were defined as the actual daily search value (from March 20 to April 19, 2020) being higher than the 95% CIs of the forecast from the 3-month baseline via ARIMA (autoregressive integrated moving average) modeling. We examined the correlation between increases in COVID-19–related deaths and the number of days with significant increases in search volumes for insomnia, depression, and suicide across multiple nations. Results The countries with the greatest increases in searches for insomnia were Iran, Spain, the United States, and Italy; these countries exhibited a significant increase in insomnia searches on more than 10 of the 31 days observed. The number of COVID-19–related deaths was positively correlated to the number of days with an increase in searches for insomnia in the 19 countries (ρ=0.64, P=.003). By contrast, there was no significant correlation between the number of deaths and increases in searches for depression (ρ=–0.12, P=.63) or suicide (ρ=–0.07, P=.79). Conclusions Our analysis suggests that insomnia could be a part of routine mental health screening during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Mental health: taking its place as an essential element of sustainable global development

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Scorza ◽  
Ohemaa Poku ◽  
Kathleen M. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Global Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Health Community ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

As of 2015, with the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the United Nations has a new roadmap for development that will guide global and national agendas for the next 15 years. Mental health was explicitly included in the SDGs, for the first time being recognised as an essential component of development. This is a major achievement that has taken decades of unrelenting advocacy. Still, mental health lacks clear, measurable indicators within the SDGs, threatening its progress in the realm of global development. The task now is for the global mental health community to actively work within health systems, and with other sectors, to integrate mental health interventions and indicators into programmes aimed at other goals and targets. In this way, the direct impact of mental health on development and the impact of mental health on other development goals will be recognised and quantified.

scholarly journals Brain Stress Mapping in COVID-19 Survivors Using MR Spectroscopy: New Avenue of Mental Health Status Monitoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Avantika Samkaria ◽  
Khushboo Punjabi ◽  
Shallu Sharma ◽  
Shallu Joon ◽  
Kanika Sandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stress Mapping ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Coronavirus (COVID-19) has emerged as a human catastrophe worldwide, and it has impacted human life more detrimentally than the combined effect of World Wars I and II. Various research studies reported that the disease is not confined to the respiratory system but also leads to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders suggesting that the virus is potent to affect the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, the damage to CNS may continue to rise even after the COVID-19 infection subsides which may further induce a long-term impact on the brain, resulting in cognitive impairment. Neuroimaging techniques provide the ability to detect and quantify pathological manifestations in the brain of COVID-19 survivors. In this context, a scheme based on structural, spectroscopic, and behavioral studies could be executed to monitor the gradual changes in the brain non-invasively due to COVID-19 which may further help in quantifying the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the survivors. Extensive research is required in this direction for identifying the mechanism and implications of COVID-19 in the brain. Additionally, longitudinal follow-up studies are also needed to perform for monitoring the effects of this pandemic on individuals over a prolonged period.

Examining the 16-year trajectories of mental health and wellbeing through the transition into widowhood

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1979-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Burns ◽  
C. J. Browning ◽  
H. L. Kendig
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Depressive Symptomology ◽  
Piecewise Regression ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:Becoming widowed is a significant event. There is considerable evidence that surviving partners report substantial changes in their wellbeing and mental health. Changes can occur prior to partner's death as an anticipatory effect and consequently during the period after partner's death. For most, declines in wellbeing and mental health dissipate over time. However, there is a limited long-term evidence to compare age-normative trajectories in mental health and wellbeing with the trajectories of those who transition into widowhood.Methods:Participants (n = 652) were older adults (aged 65–94 years at baseline) from the 16-year Melbourne Longitudinal Studies on Healthy Ageing project who were either married or de facto (n = 577), or recently widowed (n = 75). Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) examined the immediate and long-term impact of widowhood. GEE piecewise regression analyses examined the trajectories of wellbeing and mental health in those who transitioned into widowed with time centered at time of partner's death. Analyses were stratified by gender.Results:For both men and women, becoming widowed was strongly related to a strong decline in positive affect post partner's death. Otherwise, no long-term impact of widowhood on negative affect or depressive symptomology was reported.Conclusions:The impact of widowhood reports differential impacts on different indicators of wellbeing and mental health, which were inconsistent between men and women.

scholarly journals Family planning: Smartest investment for achieving the Sustainable Developments Goals for Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Wazir ◽  
Yilma Melkamu Alazar ◽  
Bakhtior Kadirov
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
National Development ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

Investing in voluntary family planning services andcommodities is a cost-effective intervention for socioeconomicdevelopment. Every dollar spent on familyplanning results in reductions in child and maternaldeaths, returns in savings in other development areas, andenvironmental benefits. Investments in family planningyield demonstrated social and economic returns in allsectors - food, water, health, and economic development.Our analysis suggests that achieving universal access tocontraception could contribute in the long term toachieving some of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). We applied the Family Planning-SustainableDevelopment Goals (FP-SDGs) Model that quantifies thebenefits voluntary contraceptive use offers for realizing 13of the SDG indicators which are related to 7 out of the 17SDGs Goals. The model unravelling the multi-sectoralbenefits of contraceptive use and shows that familyplanning can accelerate progress across the 7 SDG.Further, it shows that family planning does not onlyempower women to choose the number, timing, andspacing of their pregnancies but also touches on manymultisectoral determinants vital to sustainabledevelopment. We show that in the case of Pakistan,without universal access to family planning andreproductive health, the impact and effectiveness of otherinterventions will be less, will cost more, and will takelonger to achieve. In the end, we put some keyrecommendations to prioritize family planning as one ofthe strategic national development investments.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Mariya Seroshtan ◽  
Galina Akimova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact

The article shows that the epidemiological situation has significantly slowed down economic growth not only in Russia, but also in all countries of the world, which causes new challenges and threats in achieving the sustainable development Goals. This increases the importance of government support aimed at the recovery of employment and income, growth and long-term structural changes in the economy, with software-targeted and implemented under the state programs and projects at both the Federal and regional levels. In our country, unprecedented and decisive actions are being taken within the framework of state support to restore effective employment and effective demand, improve the business climate and economic growth in the context of the sustainable development goals. At the same time, in the context of global integration, when the economies of all countries of the world are becoming increasingly dependent on each other, strengthening international cooperation and developing multilateral partnerships between countries should be considered as one of the important factors for mitigating the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and sustainable development of the national economy in the long term.

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