scholarly journals Determinants of neonatal sepsis among neonates in the northwest part of Ethiopia: case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulunesh Alemu ◽  
Mulatu Ayana ◽  
Hailemariam Abiy ◽  
Biniam Minuye ◽  
Wubet Alebachew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite implementing of different preventive interventions, the burden of neonatal sepsis is reporting in different areas of Ethiopia. For further interventions, identifying its determinants is found to be crucial. Objective This study aimed to identify determinants of neonatal sepsis in the Northwest part of Ethiopia. Methods Unmatched case-control study was conducted among 246 neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit, Northwest Ethiopia. Study participants were selected from February 1st to March 30th 2018. Data was collected through face to face interview and review of neonates’ medical records using pretested structured questionnaire. Data was entered into Epi Data version 4.2.0.0 and further transferred to SPSS statistical software version 25 for analysis. All independent variables with p-value < 0.25 in Bivariable analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered as determinants of neonatal sepsis. Results A total of 82 cases and 164 controls were included in this study. Neonates with gestational age < 37 weeks [AOR = 6.90; 95% CI (2.76, 17.28)], premature rupture of membrane [AOR = 2.81; 95% CI (1.01, 7.79)], not crying immediately at birth and have received resuscitation at birth [AOR = 2.85; 95% CI (1.09, 7.47)] were found to be predictors of neonatal sepsis. Conclusions and recommendations Premature rupture of membrane was found to be obstetric-related determinant of neonatal sepsis. Gestational age < 37 weeks, not crying immediately at birth, and have received resuscitation at birth were found to be neonatal-related risk factors of neonatal sepsis. Infection prevention strategies need to be strengthening and/or implementing by providing especial attention for the specified determinants.

scholarly journals Neonatal morbidity among African refugee women in Israel: a case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e050778
Author(s):  
Amit Ovental ◽  
Reut Doyev ◽  
Laurence Mangel ◽  
Jacky Herzlich ◽  
Amir Hadanny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
African Refugees ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesReports on neonatal morbidity (NM) among refugees in developed countries remain inconsistent. We aimed to compare NM among infants of African refugees in Israel to the native population based on a large population sample.DesignA case–control study.SettingA tertiary hospital in Israel.ParticipantsData on hospital-based live births of refugee women and their newborns who were born in 2014 and 2017 were retrieved from medical records. Perinatal and neonatal data were compared between the refugee group and the native residents matched for gestational age and year of birth as well as within the refugee group.Primary outcomePrevalence of NM among African refugees in Israel.ResultsNewborns delivered by 357 refugee women (mean age 30.2 years) and 357 controls (mean age 32.2 years) were analysed. Both groups were similar for the newborns’ weight and gestational age. There were no significant differences in NM between the groups. A within-refugee comparison conducted between 2014 and 2017 yielded significant differences in birth weight (3051.4 vs 3373.6 gr, p<0.001, 95% CI (198.3 to 446.2), d=0.56), the number of twin deliveries (10 vs 4, p=0.002, Φ=0.173), the number of neonates evaluated as small for gestational age (15 vs 10, p=0.003, Φ=0.167) and the use of human milk (71% vs 93%, p<0.001, Φ=−0.298).ConclusionsWe conclude that NM among neonates born to refugee mothers was not higher than that of neonates born to native Israeli mothers. We suggest that successful implementation of health policies for refugees has improved their accessibility to mother–child health services.

scholarly journals Predictors of neonatal sepsis in public referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: A case control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234472
Author(s):  
Tadesse Yirga Akalu ◽  
Bereket Gebremichael ◽  
Kalkidan Wondwossen Desta ◽  
Yared Asmare Aynalem ◽  
Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Predictors of Early-onset Neonatal Sepsis in Premature Newborns: Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ounoo Elom Takassi ◽  
Yawo Dzayisse Atakouma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) is difficult to diagnose clinically because the semiology of premature newborns is poor during the first days of life. This study aimed to identify predictive factors of EOS in neonates less than 37 weeks gestational age in neonatal care at Louis Mourier Hospital. Method: This was a case-control study of all newborns <37 weeks of gestational age diagnosed and managed for EOS from January 1 to December 31, 2019. The main parameters studied were demographic characteristics, risk factors, biological and bacteriological characteristics. At the benchmarking level, the statistical tests used were the Mac Nemar test for qualitative variables and the paired Student's test for quantitative variables. Results: A total of 50 mother-child pairs were included in this study (25 cases and 25 matched controls). The results showed a statistically significant relationship between the birth of a child suffering from an EOS and between a premature rupture of membranes (PRM)> 18 h (68% of cases versus 36% of controls ( p: 0.042)); a positive culture of the placenta (p: 0.0002); a CRP> 6 mg / l (88% of cases against 20% of controls (p: 0.001)); a PCT> 0.6 ng / ml (72% of cases vs. 16% of controls (p: 0.001)). Grams negative including E. coli (44.5%) and Haemophilus Influenzae (14.8%) were the most common bacteria found. Conclusion: The search for risk factors must be systematic. The dosage of PCT must be coupled with that of CRP and the clinic must remain at the center of the diagnostic process.

scholarly journals Multiple vaginal examinations and early neonatal sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Christopher ◽  
Goldy S. J. ◽  
Bewin Oral J. ◽  
Adlin Rose C.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background: Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) is caused mainly by organisms present in the genital tract. Maternal risk factors increase the incidence of EONS. This study was done to find out the association between one such risk factor i.e., multiple vaginal examinations and EONS.Methods: Case control study. 114 patients with three or more vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes were taken as cases and 114 patients with less than three vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes were taken as controls. All these babies were followed up for the development of EONS.Results: Of the 114 cases, 6 babies developed EONS. None of the babies in the control group developed EONS. So, 3 or more vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes in labour is significantly associated with early onset neonatal sepsis with p-value of 0.01305.Conclusions: Multiple vaginal examinations after rupture of membranes is a risk factor for early onset neonatal sepsis. 

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEMATIAN PERINATAL DI RUMAH SAKIT MUHAMMADDIYAH PALEMBANG TAHUN 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LENY LENY
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT [Perinatal mortality is a major problem, especially in developing countries. Approximately 98-99% of perinatal deaths occur in developing countries, while in developed countries only about 1-2%. Contributions perinatal mortality rate in Indonesia is still quite high, and perinatal mortality of 400 per 100,000 live births, or about 200,000 people per year so that the perinatal mortality occurs every 1.2-1.5 minutes. In the Muhammaddiyah hospital Palembang obtained perinatal mortality by the year 2013 as many as 52 cases. Many things that cause perinatal death include birth weight, maternal age, gestational age, mode of delivery and parity. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of birth weight, maternal age, gestational age, mode of delivery and parity simultaneously with perinatal death. This type of research is a case control study conducted retrospectively. The population in this study were all women giving birth in hospital Muhammadiyah Palembang in the year 2013 that berjumlah2565. The study sample totaled 156 respondents. In this study conducted univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes. From the analysis we found no association between birth weight to perinatal mortality (P Value 0.000 OR 4.250), no association of maternal age with perinatal mortality (OR 0.05 P Value 2.091), no correlation gestational age with perinatal mortality (OR 0.000 P Value 7.667), no association method of childbirth with perinatal mortality (P Value 1.000 OR 1.043), no parity relationship with perinatal mortality (P Value 0.511 OR 0.744). The most dominant variable is the age of the pregnancy. It is suggested to the leadership of Muhammadiyah hospital Palembang is hoped to be able to further improve health care programs for women giving birth so as to prevent the occurrence of complications during labor which can lead to perinatal mortality and increase the awareness programs on the importance of antenatal care during pregnancy that can detect early complications of pregnancy to facilitate the birth process.   ABSTRAK Kematian perinatal merupakan masalah besar khususnya di negara sedang berkembang. Sekitar 98-99 % kasus kematian perinatal terjadi di negara sedang berkembang sedangkan di negara maju hanya sekitar 1-2 %. Kontribusi angka kematian perinatal di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi, yaitu kematian perinatal 400 per 100.000 persalinan hidup atau sekitar 200.000 orang pertahun sehingga kematian perinatal terjadi setiap 1,2-1,5 menit. Di Rumah Sakit Muhammaddiyah Palembang didapatkan kematian perinatal pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 52 kasus. Banyak hal yang menyebabkan kematian perinatal diantaranya berat badan lahir, usia ibu, usia kehamilan, cara persalinan dan paritas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir, usia ibu, usia kehamilan, cara persalinan dan paritas secara simultan dengan kematian perinatal. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case control study yang dilakukan secara retrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu bersalin di rumah sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang pada Tahun 2013 yang berjumlah2565. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 156 responden. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan ada hubungan antara berat badan lahir dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,000 OR 4,250), ada hubungan usia ibu dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,05 OR 2,091), ada hubungan usia kehamilan dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,000 OR 7,667), tidak ada hubungan cara persalinan dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 1,000 OR 1,043), tidak ada hubungan paritas dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,511 OR 0,744). Variabel paling dominan adalah usia kehamilan. Disarankan kepada pimpinan rumah sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang Diharapkan untuk dapat lebih meningkatkan program pelayanan kesehatan kepada ibu bersalin sehingga  mencegah terjadinya komplikasi selama persalinan yang dapat menyebabkan kematian perinatal serta meningkatkan program penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan kehamilan selama masa kehamilan yang dapat mendeteksi dini komplikasi kehamilan untuk memperlancar proses persalinan.  

scholarly journals Neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio for the prediction of histological chorioamnionitis in cases of preterm premature rupture of membranes: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Balciuniene ◽  
Greta Kvederaite-Budre ◽  
Violeta Gulbiniene ◽  
Irena Dumalakiene ◽  
Rita Viliene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is easily calculated blood test parameter, which can be used as marker to predict many inflammatory disorders. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the NLR in maternal blood with the white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration for the prediction of histological chorioamnionitis. Methods This was a case-control study of 137 woman with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at a gestational age between 22+ 0 and 34+ 6 weeks. Blood samples, collected less than 48 h before delivery and at least 48 h after the administration of corticosteroids, were selected for the analysis. The NLR was calculated by dividing the number of neutrophils by the number of lymphocytes. Chorioamnionitis was diagnosed by the histopathological evaluation of placental membranes and chorionic plate. Results Patients with diagnosed histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) had significantly higher levels of WBC, CRP and NLR (p-value < 0.001). Levels of WBC, CRP and NLR predicted HCA with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81, 0.81 and 0.89, respectively. NLR had statistically significantly higher AUC than WBC, but no significant difference was found between AUCs of NLR and CRP. The cut-off level of NLR was found to be 5,97, which had a sensitivity of 77 % and a specificity of 95 %. Conclusion NLR has a good predictive value for HCA and could be used as an additional diagnostic marker for predicting histological chorioamnionitis in cases with preterm premature rupture of membranes before 34 weeks of gestation.

SERUM PROLACTINE LEVEL IN PATIENTS OF PSORIASIS VULGARIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Kumar Saini ◽  
Devendra Yadav ◽  
Rozy Badyal ◽  
Suresh Jain ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
R Value ◽  
Control Study

Background: Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the skin mediated by T-lymphocytes resulting in production of cytokines which cause hyperproliferation of keratinocytes.  Several factors and hormones like Prolactin have an action similar to these cytokines in promoting the multiplication of keratinocytes and other cells like lymphocytes and epithelial cells may have a role on the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis. Aim:-The aim of study is to compare the serum Prolactin levels in patients of psoriasis with a control group. Setting and study design: This is a case-control study conducted in the department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy GMC, Kota over a period of 1year from July 2017 to June 2018 Material and method: The study included 100 cases of psoriasis (60 males and 40 females) and 100 controls similar for age and sex. Serum Prolactin levels were measured by ECLIA and results were obtained. Statistical analysis: Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each variable. Statistical significance of the results was analyzed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient) and independent samples t-test. Statistical significance was assumed at p value<0.05. Result: Serum Prolactin level was significantly higher in cases of psoriasis compared to controls (p-value <0.001). PASI score and serum Prolactin levels were found to have a positive correlation (r value = 0.337; p-value: 0.001). No significant  correlation was found between serum levels of Prolactin and duration of disease r value= -0.034, P value =0.733). Serum Prolactin level was higher in male patients compared to females patients. Conclusion:- High serum Prolactin may be a biological marker of disease severity in psoriasis and may have a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Further studies with large sample size are required to confirm this hypothesis.

ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA UPTD PUSKESMAS BANDA RAYA KOTA BANDA ACEH TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Miftahul Jannah ◽  
Asnawi Abdullah ◽  
Melania Hidayat ◽  
Qatratul Asrar
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Banda Aceh

Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan pembunuh utama balita di seluruh dunia. Berdasarkan Laporan Dinas Kesehatan Banda Aceh tahun 2018, jumlah balita penderita Pneumonia meningkat setiap tahunnya. Kasus Pneumonia balita yang paling banyak terdapat di UPTD Puskesmas Banda Raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Banda Raya Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2019. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Case Control Study atau Retrospective Study. Penelitian ini menggunakan total populasi dengan jumlah sampel adalah 142 anak balita berusia 12–59 bulan. Data dianalisis secara Univariat dan Bivariat. Analisis Bivariat menggunakan Uji Chi-Square dengan derajat kepercayaan 95% (p value0.05). Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia adalah luas ventilasi rumah (OR=15.81; CI 95%=4.70-53.12; p value=0.0001); sedangkan umur balita (OR=1.15; CI 95%=0.54-2.43; p value=0.705); jenis kelamin (OR=1.11; CI 95%=0.57-2.16; p value=0.737); pengetahuan ibu (OR=0.38; CI 95%=0.12-1.24; p value=0.112); dan kepadatan hunian (OR=1.80; CI 95%=0.78-4.13; p value=0.163), tidak terbukti secara signifikan sebagai faktor risiko pneumonia balita di UPTD Puskesmas Banda Raya Kota Banda Aceh. Kesimpulan: Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian Pneumonia balita adalah luas ventilasi rumah. Oleh karena itu diperlukannya sanitasi lingkungan yang sehat sebagai upaya preventif terhadap kejadian Pneumonia, serta memperbaiki pola perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat.

Antioxidant potential of diet: Association between dietary antioxidant index and odds of coronary heart disease: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Zahra Nasiri ◽  
Amir Abbasnezhad ◽  
Ezatollah Fazeli Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Dietary Antioxidant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are among the leading causes of coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies investigated the relationship between dietary antioxidants and the risk/odds of CHD, and contradictory results have been reported. Dietary antioxidant index (DAI) is a novel and reliable nutritional tool that examines the diet’s overall antioxidant capacity. Its validity was examined using serum total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DAI score and odds of CHD. METHODS: In this incidence case-control study, 320 individuals with a definitive diagnosis of CHD and 320 participants without CHD or related risk factors attending the same hospitals/polyclinics were selected as the case and control groups. We estimated the DAI by summing up six standardized intakes of major dietary antioxidants, including manganese, vitamin E, A, C, selenium, and zinc. RESULTS: Modeling DAI categorized according to the median (–0.38), in multi-adjusted model showed a significant protective association with the odd of CHD (OR = 0.72; 95%CI:0.51–0.99, p-value = 0.05). Also, modeling DAI as a continuous variable in multi-adjusted models (OR = 0.94;95%CI:0.90–0.95; p-value = 0.01) showed significant results. CONCLUSION: Using the DAI to investigate the relationship between dietary antioxidants and CHD can show more realistic results than a single study of antioxidants.

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