Robust Cardinality: a novel approach for cardinality prediction in SQL queries

Abstract Background Database Management Systems (DBMSs) use declarative language to execute queries to stored data. The DBMS defines how data will be processed and ultimately retrieved. Therefore, it must choose the best option from the different possibilities based on an estimation process. The optimization process uses estimated cardinalities to make optimization decisions, such as choosing predicate order. Methods In this paper, we propose Robust Cardinality, an approach to calculate cardinality estimates of query operations to guide the execution engine of the DBMSs to choose the best possible form or at least avoid the worst one. By using machine learning, instead of the current histogram heuristics, it is possible to improve these estimates; hence, leading to more efficient query execution. Results We perform experimental tests using PostgreSQL, comparing both estimators and a modern technique proposed in the literature. With Robust Cardinality, a lower estimation error of a batch of queries was obtained and PostgreSQL executed these queries more efficiently than when using the default estimator. We observed a 3% reduction in execution time after reducing 4 times the query estimation error. Conclusions From the results, it is possible to conclude that this new approach results in improvements in query processing in DBMSs, especially in the generation of cardinality estimates.

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Yaw Galloping of a TLWP Platform Under High Speed Currents by Analytical Methods and its Comparison With Experimental Results

Volume 1: Offshore Technology ◽

10.1115/omae2017-61909 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Lamas ◽

Miguel A. M. Ramirez ◽

Antonio Carlos Fernandes

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Production Systems ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Analytical Methodology ◽

New Approach ◽

Laboratory Facilities ◽

Polynomial Curve ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽

Cfd Analyses

Flow Induced Motions are always an important subject during both design and operational phases of an offshore platform life. These motions could significantly affect the performance of the platform, including its mooring and oil production systems. These kind of analyses are performed using basically two different approaches: experimental tests with reduced models and, more recently, with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dynamic analysis. The main objective of this work is to present a new approach, based on an analytical methodology using static CFD analyses to estimate the response on yaw motions of a Tension Leg Wellhead Platform on one of the several types of motions that can be classified as flow-induced motions, known as galloping. The first step is to review the equations that govern the yaw motions of an ocean platform when subjected to currents from different angles of attack. The yaw moment coefficients will be obtained using CFD steady-state analysis, on which the yaw moments will be calculated for several angles of attack, placed around the central angle where the analysis is being carried out. Having the force coefficients plotted against the angle values, we can adjust a polynomial curve around each analysis point in order to evaluate the amplitude of the yaw motion using a limit cycle approach. Other properties of the system which are flow-dependent, such as damping and added mass, will also be estimated using CFD. The last part of this work consists in comparing the analytical results with experimental results obtained at the LOC/COPPE-UFRJ laboratory facilities.

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The discovery of biological subphenotypes in ARDS: a novel approach to targeted medicine?

Journal of Intensive Care ◽

10.1186/s40560-021-00528-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karin Wildi ◽

Samantha Livingstone ◽

Chiara Palmieri ◽

Gianluigi LiBassi ◽

Jacky Suen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Geographical Location ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Shock State ◽

Pharmacological Agents ◽

New Approach ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Active Research ◽

Targeted Medicine ◽

Core Features

AbstractThe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe lung disorder with a high morbidity and mortality which affects all age groups. Despite active research with intense, ongoing attempts in developing pharmacological agents to treat ARDS, its mortality rate remains unaltered high and treatment is still only supportive. Over the years, there have been many attempts to identify meaningful subgroups likely to react differently to treatment among the heterogenous ARDS population, most of them unsuccessful. Only recently, analysis of large ARDS cohorts from randomized controlled trials have identified the presence of distinct biological subphenotypes among ARDS patients: a hypoinflammatory (or uninflamed; named P1) and a hyperinflammatory (or reactive; named P2) subphenotype have been proposed and corroborated with existing retrospective data. The hyperinflammatory subphenotyope was clearly associated with shock state, metabolic acidosis, and worse clinical outcomes. Core features of the respective subphenotypes were identified consistently in all assessed cohorts, independently of the studied population, the geographical location, the study design, or the analysis method. Additionally and clinically even more relevant treatment efficacies, as assessed retrospectively, appeared to be highly dependent on the respective subphenotype. This discovery launches a promising new approach to targeted medicine in ARDS. Even though it is now widely accepted that each ARDS subphenotype has distinct functional, biological, and mechanistic differences, there are crucial gaps in our knowledge, hindering the translation to bedside application. First of all, the underlying driving biological factors are still largely unknown, and secondly, there is currently no option for fast and easy identification of ARDS subphenotypes. This narrative review aims to summarize the evidence in biological subphenotyping in ARDS and tries to point out the current issues that will need addressing before translation of biological subohenotypes into clinical practice will be possible.

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Unimodular vs nilpotent superfield approach to pure dS supergravity

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep01(2021)146 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sukruti Bansal ◽

Silvia Nagy ◽

Antonio Padilla ◽

Ivonne Zavala

Keyword(s):

String Theory ◽

General Framework ◽

Recent Progress ◽

High Energy ◽

De Sitter Spacetime ◽

De Sitter ◽

New Approach ◽

Sitter Spacetime ◽

Novel Approach ◽

De Sitter Vacua

Abstract Recent progress in understanding de Sitter spacetime in supergravity and string theory has led to the development of a four dimensional supergravity with spontaneously broken supersymmetry allowing for de Sitter vacua, also called de Sitter supergravity. One approach makes use of constrained (nilpotent) superfields, while an alternative one couples supergravity to a locally supersymmetric generalization of the Volkov-Akulov goldstino action. These two approaches have been shown to give rise to the same 4D action. A novel approach to de Sitter vacua in supergravity involves the generalisation of unimodular gravity to supergravity using a super-Stückelberg mechanism. In this paper, we make a connection between this new approach and the previous two which are in the context of nilpotent superfields and the goldstino brane. We show that upon appropriate field redefinitions, the 4D actions match up to the cubic order in the fields. This points at the possible existence of a more general framework to obtain de Sitter spacetimes from high-energy theories.

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Compiling Life-Oriented Moral Education Textbooks for Elementary Schools in China: The Mimetic Approach in Morality and Law

ECNU Review of Education ◽

10.1177/2096531120982961 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 209653112098296

Author(s):

Yan Tang

Keyword(s):

Elementary Schools ◽

Moral Education ◽

Life Events ◽

Theoretical Perspective ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Design Approach ◽

New Approach ◽

Novel Approach

Purpose: This study explores a novel approach to compiling life-oriented moral textbooks for elementary schools in China, specifically focusing on Morality and Law. Design/Approach/Methods: Adopting Aristotle’s Poetics as its theoretical perspective, this study illustrates and analyzes the mimetic approach used in compiling the life-oriented moral education textbook, Morality and Law. Findings: The mimetic approach involves imitating children's real activities, thoughts, and feelings in textbooks. The mimetic approach to compiling life-oriented moral textbooks comprises three strategies: constructing children's life events as building blocks for textbook compilation, designing an intricate textual device exposing the wholeness of children's life actions, and designing inward learning activities leading to children's inner worlds. Originality/Value: From the perspective of Aristotle's Poetics, the approach to compilation in Morality and Law can be defined as mimetic. And the compilation activity in the life-oriented moral education textbook also can be described as a processes of mimesis. So this article presents a new approach to compile moral education textbooks, and an innovative way to understand the nature of one compiling activity.

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A New Approach of Soft Joint Based on a Cable-Driven Parallel Mechanism for Robotic Applications

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math9131468 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (13) ◽

pp. 1468

Author(s):

Luis Nagua ◽

Carlos Relaño ◽

Concepción A. Monje ◽

Carlos Balaguer

Keyword(s):

Parallel Mechanism ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Kinematic Model ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Humanoid Robots ◽

Inverse Kinematic ◽

Element Analysis ◽

New Approach ◽

Flexible Polymer ◽

The Mathematical Model

A soft joint has been designed and modeled to perform as a robotic joint with 2 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) (inclination and orientation). The joint actuation is based on a Cable-Driven Parallel Mechanism (CDPM). To study its performance in more detail, a test platform has been developed using components that can be manufactured in a 3D printer using a flexible polymer. The mathematical model of the kinematics of the soft joint is developed, which includes a blocking mechanism and the morphology workspace. The model is validated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) (CAD software). Experimental tests are performed to validate the inverse kinematic model and to show the potential use of the prototype in robotic platforms such as manipulators and humanoid robots.

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A Novel Approach for Metal Surface Modification

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1805 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 280-283 ◽

pp. 1805-1806

Author(s):

Zhi Jun Cao ◽

Jia Chen Liu ◽

Li Bin Liu ◽

Hao Ye ◽

Yan Qiu Wei

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Wear Rate ◽

Charge State ◽

Metal Surface ◽

Surface Hardness ◽

Metallic Surface ◽

New Approach ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Complex Shapes ◽

Enhanced Surface

A new approach was developed for surface modification of metallic surface. By treating nano-zirconia particles and metal surface in different charge state, nano-zirconia particles can be dispersedly inlaid in metal surface owing to electrostatic and nanometer effects. By using this method, metal components of complex shapes, especially those having inside surfaces, might be easily improved, i.e., enhanced surface hardness and wear rate.

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An Effective Method of Modeling the Deformation Behavior of Polymer Sandwich Structures with Adhesive Joints

Applied Composite Materials ◽

10.1007/s10443-021-09948-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

László Takács ◽

Ferenc Szabó

Keyword(s):

Deformation Behavior ◽

Sandwich Structures ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Adhesive Joints ◽

Core Material ◽

Full Vehicle ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Stiffness Matrices ◽

Layered Shells

AbstractPolymer sandwich structures have high bending stiffness and strength and also low weight. Therefore, they are widely used in the transportation industry. In the conceptual design phase, it is essential to have a method to model the mechanical behavior of the sandwich and its adhesive joints accurately in full-vehicle scale to investigate different structure partitioning strategies. In this paper, a novel approach using finite element modeling is introduced. The sandwich panels are modeled with layered shells and the joint lines with general stiffness matrices. Stiffness parameters of the face-sheets and the core material are obtained via mechanical tests. Stiffness parameters of the joints are determined by using the method of Design of Experiments, where detailed sub-models of the joints serve as a reference. These models are validated with experimental tests of glass-fiber reinforced vinyl ester matrix composite sandwich structure with a foam core. By using two joint designs and three reference geometries, it is shown that the method is suitable to describe the deformation behavior in a full-vehicle scale with sufficient accuracy.

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A Novel Approach to Nanoscale Materials Synthesis Using Industrial Laser Processing of Organosilazane Liquid Precursors

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-206-557 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 206 ◽

Author(s):

Tongsan D. Xiao ◽

Peter R. Strutt ◽

Kenneth E. Gonsalves

Keyword(s):

Ceramic Powder ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Current Approach ◽

Powder Materials ◽

Materials Synthesis ◽

Laser Plume ◽

New Approach ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Liquid Precursors ◽

Short Time

ABSTRACTA new approach has been developed for the synthesis of nanoscale ceramic powder materials from liquid organosilazane precursors. This technique, by exploiting fast kinetic chemical and physical reactions, makes it possible to synthesize significant quantities of material in a relatively short time. In the current approach aerosols of a silazane monomer, (CH3SiHNH)n, (n = 3 or 4), of mol. wt. 280–320, are injected into the beam of a cw industrial CO2 laser to obtain nanoscale ceramic powders. Injection of the aerosol into the laser-beam results in a high-temperature plume. Rapid condensation of the molecular precursor species emerging from the laser plume results in the formation of preceramic polymer particles, with an average diameter of 62 nm. One attractive feature of this process is that 70 wt.% of the liquid precursor is converted into nanoscale powders. Another feature is that only a further 10 wt.% loss occurs during post thermal treatment to form the end-product.

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Multi-model inference of network properties from incomplete data

Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics ◽

10.1515/jib-2006-32 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 123-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael P. H. Stumpf ◽

Thomas Thorne

Keyword(s):

Network Models ◽

Network Data ◽

Global Networks ◽

New Approach ◽

Model Inference ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Eukaryotic Species ◽

Network Properties ◽

Experimental Approaches ◽

Saccaromyces Cerevisiae

Summary It has previously been shown that subnets differ from global networks from which they are sampled for all but a very limited number of theoretical network models. These differences are of qualitative as well as quantitative nature, and the properties of subnets may be very different from the corresponding properties in the true, unobserved network. Here we propose a novel approach which allows us to infer aspects of the true network from incomplete network data in a multi-model inference framework. We develop the basic theoretical framework, including procedures for assessing confidence intervals of our estimates and evaluate the performance of this approach in simulation studies and against subnets drawn from the presently available PIN network data in Saccaromyces cerevisiae. We then illustrate the potential power of this new approach by estimating the number of interactions that will be detectable with present experimental approaches in sfour eukaryotic species, inlcuding humans. Encouragingly, where independent datasets are available we obtain consistent estimates from different partial protein interaction networks. We conclude with a discussion of the scope of this approaches and areas for further research

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Treatment of Intrabony Defects with a Combination of Hyaluronic Acid and Deproteinized Porcine Bone Mineral

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14226795 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (22) ◽

pp. 6795

Author(s):

Darko Božić ◽

Ivan Ćatović ◽

Ana Badovinac ◽

Larisa Musić ◽

Matej Par ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Intrabony Defects ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

New Approach ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Baseline Values ◽

Attachment Level

Background: this study evaluates the clinical outcomes of a novel approach in treating deep intrabony defects utilizing papilla preservation techniques with a combination of hyaluronic acid (HA) and deproteinized porcine bone mineral. Methods: 23 patients with 27 intrabony defects were treated with a combination of HA and deproteinized porcine bone mineral. Clinical attachment level (CAL), pocket probing depth (PPD), gingival recession (REC) were recorded at baseline and 6 months after the surgery. Results: At 6 months, there was a significant CAL gain of 3.65 ± 1.67 mm (p < 0.001) with a PPD reduction of 4.54 ± 1.65 mm (p < 0.001), which was associated with an increase in gingival recession (0.89 ± 0.59 mm, p < 0.001). The percentage of pocket resolution based on a PPD ≤4 mm was 92.6% and the failure rate based on a PPD of 5 mm was 7.4%. Conclusions: the present findings indicate that applying a combined HA and xenograft approach in deep intrabony defects provides clinically relevant CAL gains and PPD reductions compared to baseline values and is a valid new approach in treating intrabony defects.

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