scholarly journals Subtyping Salmonella isolated from pet dogs with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Wangfeng Shao ◽  
Lingling Wei ◽  
Lingxiao Chen ◽  
Aihua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Common Serotypes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractSalmonella, as a zoonotic pathogen, has attracted widespread attention worldwide, especially in the transmission between household pets and humans. Therefore, we investigated the epidemic distribution of dog Salmonella from pet hospitals and breeding base in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, and used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) to subtype Salmonella isolates. From April 2018 to November 2019, a total of 469 samples were collected from pet hospitals and breeding base, including 339 dog samples and 60 cat samples. S. Kentucky (40.74%) was the most prevalent serotype, but other, such as S. Typhimurium (18.52%) and S. Indiana (18.52%), were also widespread. Eight different sequence type (ST) patterns were identified by MLST and ST198 was the highest proportion of these isolates. CRISPRs analysis showed that 9 different Kentucky CRISPR types (KCTs) was identified from ST198. 48 spacers including 29 (6 News) for CRISPR1 and 19 (4 News) for CRISPR2 that proved the polymorphic of Salmonella genes in samples from different sources. The analysis demonstrated that the common serotypes were widely present in pet hosts in the same area. This analysis shows that CRISPR genes have better recognition ability in the same serotype, which has a positive effect on the traceability of Salmonella and the prevention and treatment of salmonellosis.

scholarly journals Subtyping Salmonella of Pet Dogs With Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yang ◽  
Wangfeng Shao ◽  
Lingling Wei ◽  
Lingxiao Chen ◽  
Aihua Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Common Serotypes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Salmonella, as a zoonotic pathogen, has attracted widespread attention worldwide, especially in the transmission between household pets and humans. Therefore, we investigated the epidemic distribution of dog Salmonella from pet hospitals and breeding base in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, and used multilocus sequence typing（MLST）and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（CRISPRs）to subtype Salmonella isolates. From April 2018 to November 2019, a total of 469 samples were collected from pet hospitals and breeding base, including 339 dog samples and 60 cat samples. S. Kentucky (40.74%) was the most prevalent serotype, but other, such as S. Typhimurium (18.52%) and S. Indiana (18.52%), were also widespread. Eight different sequence type (ST) patterns were Identified by MLST and ST198 was the highest proportion of these isolates. CRISPRs analysis showed that 9 different Kentucky CRISPR types (KCTs) was identified from ST198. 48 spacers including 29 (6 News) for CRISPR1 and 19 (4 News) for CRISPR2 that proved the polymorphic of Salmonella genes in samples from different sources. The analysis demonstrated that the common serotypes were widely present in pet hosts in the same area. This analysis shows that CRISPR genes have better recognition ability in the same serotype, which has a positive effect on the traceability of salmonella and the prevention and treatment of salmonellosis.

scholarly journals PEER DESIGNERS AS STRONG INFLUENCERS ON THE DESIGN PROCESS OF FOOD STARTUPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2409-2418
Author(s):  
Summer D. Jung ◽  
Erika Perttunen ◽  
Senni Kirjavainen ◽  
Tua Björklund ◽  
Sohyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractAs design research expands its horizon, there has been a recent rise in studies on nontraditional designers. Previous studies have noted the positive effect of diversity in generating ideas. Among different sources of influence, peers outside the design team have been noted for their positive impact on the design process, yet the research on this topic is still in its early stages. Using qualitative data from 40 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the American and Finnish food and beverage industries, the current study examines their interactions with other SMEs, shedding light on the influence of peers on creating new design solutions. The findings suggest that peer companies can act as a frequent and impactful source of inspiration for product design ideas. The most prevalent forms of interaction were co-creating products, sharing information, and sharing ingredients. Furthermore, the interactions were voluntary, organic, and improvisational in nature, and physical proximity or previous connections often initiated the interactions. Taken together, a great number of peer influences contributed towards creative new solutions.

scholarly journals Will mesenchymal stem cells be future directions for treating radiation-induced skin injury?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoqun Fang ◽  
Penghong Chen ◽  
Shijie Tang ◽  
Aizhen Chen ◽  
Chaoyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
The Common ◽  
Apoptotic Activity ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractRadiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is one of the common serious side effects of radiotherapy (RT) for patients with malignant tumors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are applied to RISI repair in some clinical cases series except some traditional options. Though direct replacement of damaged cells may be achieved through differentiation capacity of MSCs, more recent data indicate that various cytokines and chemokines secreted by MSCs are involved in synergetic therapy of RISI by anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, antioxidant, revascularization, and anti-apoptotic activity. In this paper, we not only discussed different sources of MSCs on the treatment of RISI both in preclinical studies and clinical trials, but also summarized the applications and mechanisms of MSCs in other related regenerative fields.

Potential Protective Effect of Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide on Chronic Cerebral Ischemia Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Zhao ◽  
Yumin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Celery Seed ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
The Common

: Chronic cerebral ischemia is one of the common ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Chronic cerebral ischemia can lead to brain dysfunction, and its pathophysiological mechanism involves inflammation, blood-brain barrier destruction, oxidative stress, and other factors. Due to it being difficult to detect, it is easily overlooked, and it is often only observed following onset of cognitive dysfunction. At present, there are few drugs for this treatment. DL-3-N-BUTYLPHTHALIDE (NBP), a compound extracted from celery seed, may play an important role in protecting against brain damage caused by chronic cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of NBP on chronic cerebral ischemia.

Correlation Between Intestinal Microflora and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Elderly Patients with Sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1030-1037
Author(s):  
Hailing Yang ◽  
Xiaolin Zhang ◽  
Weijun Chen ◽  
Libo Shang ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Dysfunction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Wbc Count

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a key factor that leads to death in elderly patients with sepsis. Therefore, early prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction (GIDF) in elderly patients with sepsis is an important measure to prevent MODS occurrence. This research explores the correlation between intestinal microflora and GIDF in elderly patients with sepsis and provides ideas for the prevention and treatment of GIDF in elderly patients with sepsis. In this study, 152 patients with sepsis (122 patients with sepsis and GIDF) treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine from January to September 2019 were selected as the sepsis group and 100 elderly who had normal physical examination results were selected as the control group. The common intestinal microflora of the two groups was compared. Patients with sepsis and GIDF were treated as the GIDF group and the other patients with sepsis were treated as the non-GIDF group. The common intestinal microflora, gastrointestinal indicators, serum inflammatory factors, and immune function indices were compared between the two groups. Correlation analysis of the observed indices with statistical significance was carried out. The results showed 152 patients with sepsis and 122 patients with sepsis and GIDF; thus, the incidence of sepsis with GIDF was 80.26%. The total average score of sepsis with GIDF was 3.61±0.09. There was no statistically significant difference in GIDF scores of patients ages 65–75 and > 75 years old. The number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in elderly patients with sepsis was lower and the number of Escherichia coli was higher than in the control group. In elderly patients with sepsis, the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the GIDF group was lower and the number of E. coli was higher than in the non-GIDF group. White blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), gastrin (GAS), and diamine oxidase (DAO) in GIDF patients were higher and motilin (MOT), CIT (CIT), CD4+, and CD8+ were lower than in the non-GIDF group. WBC count, PCT, CRP, TNF-α, GAS, and DAO were negatively correlated with the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus but positively correlated with E. coli. MOT, CIT, CD4+, and CD8+ were positively correlated with the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus but negatively correlated with E. coli. There was a negative correlation between Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and GIDF score and a positive correlation between E. coli and GIDF score. Therefore, the change in the intestinal microflora in elderly patients with sepsis is related to GIDF.

scholarly journals A common Salmonella Enteritidis sequence type from poultry and human gastroenteritis in Ibagué, Colombia

Biomédica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 50-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Clemencia Fandiño ◽  
Noel Verjan
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Salmonella Spp

Introducción. Salmonella Enteritidis es una de las mayores causas de salmonelosis en el mundo, siendo los huevos contaminados y la carne de pollo cruda sus principales fuentes de infección. En Ibagué, Colombia, se identificaron los principales serovares circulando en granjas, superficies de huevos y canales de pollo, sin embargo, se desconoce si esos serovares son responsables de gastroenteritis. Objetivo. Evaluar la relación genética entre aislamientos de Salmonella Enteritidis de aves de corral y humanos con gastroenteritis mediante multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Materiales y métodos. Se aisló Salmonella spp., de casos clínicos de gastroenteritis (n=110). Se realizó test de sensibilidad antibiótica, seguido de serotipificación y tipificación por medio de MLST y se comparó S. Enteritidis de humanos frente a S. Enteritidis de granjas ponedoras y de huevo comercializado (n=6). Resultados. Se aislaron 10 cepas de Salmonella spp., a partir de heces de humanos con gastroenteritis. Se obtuvo una prevalencia de Salmonella spp. de 9.09%, siendo S. Enteritidis (n=4), S. Typhymurium (n=2), S. Newport (n=1), S. Grupensis (n=1), S. Uganda (n=1) y S. Braenderup (n=1) los serotipos presentes en pacientes con gastroenteritis. El MLST indico que un tipo de secuencia común (ST11) de S. Enteritidis estuvo presente en todas las tres fuentes y mostraron el mismo patrón de resistencia antibiótica. Conclusión. S. Enteritidis ST11 constituye un vínculo entre el consumo/manipulación de huevos contaminados y gastroenteritis humana en Ibagué. Son necesarios estudios complementarios para conocer si otros serovares de Salmonella aislados de carne de pollo cruda también se asocian con la gastroenteritis humana.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effects of lignans in women in perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods (review of literature)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Ozolinya ◽  
Valentina V. Litvinova
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Positive Effect

Today, there is a tendency towards an increase of the number of the female population that has crossed the line of menopause, which makes it more urgent to improve the quality of life of women and to develop safe methods for the prevention and treatment of climacteric syndrome (CS), which is an integral medical, social and economic problems. In view of the presence of contraindications for use and defined risks of complications with the use of hormone menopausal therapy (HRT), it is necessary to develop alternative methods for the prevention and treatment of perimenopausal symptoms. This literary review of domestic and foreign sources demonstrates information about the role of the plant lignan 7-hydroxymatairezinol (7-HMR) in maintaining the physical and psychoemotional health of women in the period of peri- and postmenopause. As a result of the analysis of the therapeutic effects of the 7-HMR molecule, the ability to relieve the main symptoms of CS (neurovegetative presentations and emotional disorders), to improve the general state of health and metabolic profile of perimenopausal women was revealed. High safety and low incidence of side effects were noted, as well as a positive effect on the dynamics of body weight. The presence of a stable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity 7-HMR makes it possible to recommend this lignan to women in the climacteric period as an effective drug for the prevention of the formation of immune deficiency, which contributes to the development of oncological and autoimmune diseases. The proven antitumor activity confirms the promise of using the 7-HMR for the implementation of oncopreventive measures in women of peri- and postmenopausal age.

scholarly journals Colonisation with toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae in a Scottish burns patient, June 2015

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Deshpande ◽  
Teresa Inkster ◽  
Kate Hamilton ◽  
David Litt ◽  
Norman Fry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Close Contacts

On 12 June 2015, Corynebacterium diphtheriae was identified in a skin swab from a burns patient in Scotland. The isolate was confirmed to be genotypically and phenotypically toxigenic. Multilocus sequence typing of three patient isolates yielded sequence type ST 125. The patient was clinically well. We summarise findings of this case, and results of close contact identification and screening: 12 family and close contacts and 32 hospital staff have been found negative for C. diphtheriae.

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