scholarly journals Utilization of agro-industrial by-products in Monascus fermentation: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius Srianta ◽  
Endang Kusdiyantini ◽  
Elok Zubaidah ◽  
Susana Ristiarini ◽  
Ira Nugerahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
Cereal Brans ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
By Products

AbstractThe Monascus fermentation industry has gained global attention. Its key products, i.e., pigments, functional food ingredients, food supplements, and medicinal use, are growing in the world’s market. Efforts to find the cost-effective substrate for Monascus fermentation have remained the target. This paper aimed to appraise the utilization of agro-industrial by-products (cereal, starchy tuber and root, legume, fruit, and coffee processing) as a cost-effective substrate for Monascus fermentation. The specific objective was to review the by-products pre-treatment, the fermentation process, product yield, and the bioactivity of the fermented products. Among all the by-products that could be used as the fermentation substrate, cereal brans do not need pre-treatment, but others need a suitable pre-treatment step, e.g., cassava peel, okara, and jackfruit seed to list a few, that need to be powdered beforehand. Other substrates, such as corn cob and durian seed, need soaking and size reduction through the pre-treatment step. During fermentation, Monascus produce many pigments, monacolin K, associated with rise in phenolic and flavonoid contents. These products possess antioxidant, antihypercholesterol, antidiabetes, and antiatherosclerosis activities which underpin their health significance. In conclusion, we report in this review the agro-industrial by-products which have potential prospects for pigments, functional food ingredients, food supplements, and therapeutic usages produced from Monascus fermentation.

scholarly journals Agro-industrial tomato by-products and extraction of functional food ingredients

2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Urbonavičienė ◽  
Ramunė Bobinaitė ◽  
Sonata Trumbeckaitė ◽  
Lina Raudonė ◽  
Valdimaras Janulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals Kinetic Parameters of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Alcohols Production Using Nepenthes mirabilis Pod Digestive Fluids-Mixed Agro-Waste Hydrolysates

Fermentation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkosikho Dlangamandla ◽  
Seteno Ntwampe ◽  
Justine Angadam ◽  
Boredi Chidi ◽  
Maxwell Mewa-Ngongang
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Similar Product ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products

In this study, microbial growth kinetics and modeling of alcohols production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae were evaluated using different hydrolysates in a single pot (batch) system. Mixed agro-waste hydrolysates from different pre-treatment methods, i.e., N. mirabilis/CP and HWP/DAP/CP, were used as the sole nutrient source in the fermentations used to produce the alcohols of interest. The maximum Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration of 1.47 CFU/mL (×1010) was observed with HWP/DAP/CP hydrolysates, with a relative difference of 21.1% when compared to the N. mirabilis/CP cultures; the product yield based on biomass generation was relatively (20.2%) higher for the N. mirabilis/CP cultures. For the total residual phenolic compounds (TRPCs) generation, a relative difference (24.6%) between N. mirabilis/CP and HWP/DAP/CP pre-treatment systems was observed, suggesting that N. mirabilis/CP generates lower inhibition by-products. This was further evidenced by the lowest substrate utilization rate (3.3 × 10−4 g/(L·h)) for the N. mirabilis/CP cultures while achieving relatively similar product formation rates to those observed for the HWP/DAP/CP. A better correlation (R2 = 0.94) was obtained when predicting substrate utilization for the N. mirabilis/CP cultures. Generally, the pre-treatment of mixed agro-waste using N. mirabilis/CP seemed appropriate for producing hydrolysates which Saccharomyces cerevisiae can effectively use for alcohol production in the biorefinery industry.

scholarly journals Hydrometallurgical Process and Economic Evaluation for Recovery of Zinc and Manganese from Spent Alkaline Batteries

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan-Huong Tran ◽  
Kulchaya Tanong ◽  
Ahlame Dalila Jabir ◽  
Guy Mercier ◽  
Jean-François Blais
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Process ◽  
Alkaline Batteries ◽  
Metal Form ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Step

An innovative, efficient, and economically viable process for the recycling of spent alkaline batteries is presented herein. The developed process allows for the selective recovery of Zn and Mn metals present in alkaline batteries. The hydrometallurgical process consists of a physical pre-treatment step for separating out the metal powder containing Zn and Mn, followed by a chemical treatment step for the recovery of these metals. Sulfuric acid was used for the first leaching process to dissolve Zn(II) and Mn(II) into the leachate. After purification, Mn was recovered in the form of MnO2, and Zn in its metal form. Furthermore, during the second sulfuric acid leaching, Na2S2O5 was added for the conversion of Mn(IV) to Mn(II) (soluble in the leachate), allowing Mn to be recovered as MnCO3. Masses of 162 kg of Zn metal and 215 kg of Mn (both in the form of MnO2 and MnCO3) were recovered from one ton of spent alkaline batteries. The direct operating costs (chemicals, labor operation, utilities, energy) and indirect costs (amortization, interest payment) required for a plant treating 8 tons of spent batteries per day was calculated to be $CAD 726 and $CAD 534 per ton, respectively, while the total revenue from the sale of the metals was calculated at $CAD 1359.6 per ton of spent batteries. The development of this type of cost-effective industrial process is necessary for a circular economy, as it contributes to addressing environment- and energy-related issues, and creates opportunities for the economic utilization of metals.

scholarly journals Glycerophospholipids in sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) and its processing by-products serve as bioactives and functional food ingredients

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Da-Yong Zhou ◽  
Fa-Wen Yin ◽  
Liang Song ◽  
Yu-Xin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Stichopus Japonicus ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products

Sea cucumber is a “healthy” food. Although previous studies have suggested that sea cucumber might serve as a potential rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) enriched phospholipid (PL), the molecular species of its PL has rarely been reported. In this study, some 200 glycerophospholipid (GP) species belonging to seven classes in processing by-products (spawns and intestines) of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) were characterized for the first time. Most of the dominant GP species contained PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6). Meanwhile, the lipids contained high levels of PUFA (25.35–45.12% of total FAs) and polar lipid (65.55–85.95% of total lipids) but low levels of cholesterol (0.63–2.26% of total lipids). Among PL, phosphatidylcholine (38.34–65.56 mol%) was dominant. Therefore, PUFA enriched PL in sea cucumber may account for their nutritional and health beneficial effects. Meanwhile, by-products of Stichopus japonicus byproducts provide great potential as health-promoting food ingredients.

Prospects of Maize (Corn) Wet Milling By-Products as a Source of Functional Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalli Satyanarayana Deepak Thalli Satyanarayana Deepak ◽  
Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Corn Germ ◽  
Corn Fiber ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
By Products

Maize (corn) consists of distinct parts, germ, endosperm, and pericarp, with different chemical compositions. During the maize wet milling process, the maize is disintegrated into the main product starch and by-products, including corn germ, corn fiber and corn gluten (the technical term for corn endosperm specific proteins and not the same as wheat gluten). These by-products are used as low-value animal feed products. The corn germ contains high amounts of tocols and phospholipids, while the corn gluten is rich in carotenoids and the corn fiber fraction is rich in phytosterols and complex carbohydrates. Each by-product has the potential to serve as a precursor in the manufacture of functional food ingredients or nutraceuticals that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic properties. These food ingredients/nutraceuticals can be obtained through physical, chemical or enzymatic processes. Some nutraceuticals and food ingredients with market potential include corn fiber gum, oil, arabinoxylans, and xylo-oligosaccharides from corn fiber; corn germ oil and phospholipid ester from corn germ; and carotenoids and oligopeptides from corn gluten. This review focuses on current and prospective research into the use of corn germ, corn fiber and corn gluten in the production of potentially high-quality food ingredients or nutraceuticals.

scholarly journals Optimisation of an Aglycone-Enhanced Celery Extract with Germinated Soy Supplementation Using Response Surface Methodology

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2505
Author(s):  
Hazel Lau ◽  
Hui Min Koh ◽  
Hiranya Dayal ◽  
Yi Ren ◽  
Sam Fong Yau Li
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Central Composite

In this study, the extraction conditions of bioactive aglycones from a celery extract supplemented with germinated soy were optimised by a response surface methodology. For subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis to enhance the apigenin content, increased production of its precursor apigetrin was firstly achieved through acidic extraction at optimal conditions, involving water at pH 1, at 75 °C for 2 h. Subsequently, a central composite design was conducted to analyse the pH (3–11) and temperature (25–35 °C) effects on the aglycone levels (apigenin, daidzein and genistein). The optimal extraction conditions were pH 7.02 and 29.99 °C, which resulted in a 40-fold increase in apigenin. The novel and cost-effective application of germinated soy β-glucosidase for the conversion of aglycones in non-soy foods is demonstrated. The enhanced bioactivities of aglycones may suggest potential applications for similar formulations as functional food ingredients.

Integrated Process for Degradation of Amitrole in Wastewaters: Photocatalysis/Biodegradation

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel de la Rochebrochard d'Auzay ◽  
Stephan Brosillon ◽  
Florence Fourcade ◽  
Abdeltif Amrane
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Cyanuric Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products

Preliminary studies highlight the positive effect of coupling photocatalysis and biological processes for the treatment of biorecalcitrant compounds. Before biological treatment, photocatalysis can be used as a pre-treatment process to increase pesticide biodegradability. Kinetics of amitrole biodegradation during cultures of Pseudomonas fluorescens was examined to ensure that the target compound was biorecalcitrant; its inhibitory effect justified a pre-oxidation. The biodegradation of cyanuric acid, one of the by-products resulting from photocatalyis of amitrole was confirmed. Pseudomonas fluorescens could metabolize this compound as a nitrogen source when a supplementary carbon source was added. The addition of supplementary carbon and nitrogen sources favoured growth and accordingly cyanuric acid degradation. Degradation yields (with TiO2 coated on cellulose fibers, 25 g.m-2) in the range 47% to 55% were obtained after 50h of irradiation for solutions of amitrole in the range concentrations between 70 to 6000 ppm. Between 10% and 34% of amitrole was mineralized to carbon dioxide. The production of ammonium and nitrate ions was negligible. An inhibition of TiO2 active sites was assumed to account for the weak mineralization. Identification of some of the intermediate by-products by LC-MS/MS shows negligible quantity of cyanuric acid. This work demonstrates that the hybrid process photocatalysis/bioremediation is a cost-effective promising solution for the treatment of wastewater containing biorecalcitrant compounds.

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