Influence of calcium ion-modified implant surfaces in protein adsorption and implant integration

Abstract Background Calcium (Ca) is a well-known element in bone metabolism and blood coagulation. Here, we investigate the link between the protein adsorption pattern and the in vivo responses of surfaces modified with calcium ions (Ca-ion) as compared to standard titanium implant surfaces (control). We used LC–MS/MS to identify the proteins adhered to the surfaces after incubation with human serum and performed bilateral surgeries in the medial section of the femoral condyles of 18 New Zealand white rabbits to test osseointegration at 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation (n=9). Results Ca-ion surfaces adsorbed 181.42 times more FA10 and 3.85 times less FA12 (p<0.001), which are factors of the common and the intrinsic coagulation pathways respectively. We also detected differences in A1AT, PLMN, FA12, KNG1, HEP2, LYSC, PIP, SAMP, VTNC, SAA4, and CFAH (p<0.01). At 2 and 8 weeks post-implantation, the mean bone implant contact (BIC) with Ca-ion surfaces was respectively 1.52 and 1.25 times higher, and the mean bone volume density (BVD) was respectively 1.35 and 1.13 times higher. Differences were statistically significant for BIC at 2 and 8 weeks and for BVD at 2 weeks (p<0.05). Conclusions The strong thrombogenic protein adsorption pattern at Ca-ion surfaces correlated with significantly higher levels of implant osseointegration. More effective implant surfaces combined with smaller implants enable less invasive surgeries, shorter healing times, and overall lower intervention costs, especially in cases of low quantity or quality of bone.

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Osseointegration of a novel dental implant in canine

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83700-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lingxiao Wang ◽

Zhenhua Gao ◽

Yucheng Su ◽

Qian Liu ◽

Yi Ge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volume Ratio ◽

Volume Density ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Bone Volume ◽

Trabecular Thickness ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Further Development ◽

Trabecular Number ◽

Histological Staining

AbstractThis study aimed to compare and verify the osseointegration performance of a novel implant (NI) in vivo, which could provide a useful scientific basis for the further development of NIs. Thirty-two NIs treated with hydrofluoric acid and anodization and sixteen control implants (CIs) were placed in the mandibles of 8 beagles. Micro-CT showed that the trabecular number (Tb.N) significantly increased and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) significantly decreased in the NIs at 2 weeks. Significant differences were found in the trabecular thickness, Tb.N, Tb.Sp, bone surface/bone volume ratio, and bone volume/total volume ratio between the two groups from the 2nd–4th weeks. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the bone volume density at 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks or bone-implant contact at 2 or 4 weeks, but the BIC in the CIs was higher than that in the NIs at the 8th and 12th weeks. Meanwhile, the histological staining showed a similar osseointegration process between the two groups over time. Overall, the NIs could be used as new potential implants after further improvement.

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In Vivo Evaluation of Porous Titanium Implants with Biomimetic Coating

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.179 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 396-398 ◽

pp. 179-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Cristina P. Machado ◽

Marize Varella de Oliveira ◽

Robson Pacheco Pereira ◽

Yasmin R. Carvalho ◽

Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo

Keyword(s):

Porous Titanium ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Powder Metallurgy Method ◽

Bone Implant ◽

X Ray ◽

Biomimetic Coating ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Mean

The osseointegration of porous titanium implants was evaluated in the present work. Implants were fabricated from ASTM grade 2 titanium by a powder metallurgy method. Part of these implants were submitted to chemical and thermal treatment in order to deposit a biomimetic coating, aiming to evaluate its influence on the osseointegration of the implants. The implants were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electron Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman Spectroscopy. Three coated and three control (uncoated) implants were surgically inserted into thirty albino rabbits’ left and right tibiae, respectively. Tibiae samples were submitted to histological and histomorphometric analyses, utilizing SEM, optical microscopy and mechanical tests. EDS results indicated calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) at the surface and Raman spectra exhibited an intense peak, characteristic of hydroxyapatite (HA). Bone neoformation was detected at the bone-implant interface and inside the pores, including the central ones. The mean bone neoformation percentage in the coated implants was statistically higher at 15 days, compared to 30 and 45 days. The mechanical tests showed that coated implants presented higher resistance to displacement, especially after 30 and 45 days.

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Influence of breed on the quality of in vivo produced embryos from Boran and Holstein Friesian cross dairy breed in Ethiopia

Ethiopian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/evj.v25i2.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 43-59

Author(s):

Hamid Jemal ◽

Tamrat Degefa ◽

Sayid Ali ◽

Alemayehu Lemma

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Bovine Embryo ◽

Total Recovery ◽

Breed Difference ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

The Mean ◽

Dairy Breed ◽

F1 Cross

The variation of the dairy breed can determine the success of bovine embryo transfer by influencing the quantity and quality of in vivo embryo production. In this experiment, output and quality of in vivo produced embryos using semen of progeny tested Holstein Friesian (HF) sire in Boran and HF*Boran F1 cross cows, and semen from purebred Boran sire in HF*Boran F1 cross and Boran cows were evaluated. Boran (n=18) and HF*Boran cross (n=18) breed donor dams were superovulated using a previously optimized follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) (Pluset®) dose regimen: 650 IU for HF*Boran cross and 250 IU for Boran breeds. Each cow was flushed on Day-7 post insemination and embryos were evaluated for their developmental stages and quality. Superovulatory response rates were 88.9% and 83.3%, respectively, for Boran and HF*Boran with no significant (P>0.05) breed differences. Total recovery rates were relatively lower (56.5%) in Boran compared to in HF*Boran (67.4%). The mean (±SE) embryo flush outputs were 6.5±0.8 for Boran and 6.9±0.7 forHF*Boran with no significant breed difference. Recovery of a transferrable embryo was significantly higher (68.0%; P<0.05) in HF*Boran dam inseminated with HF sire semen. Boran cows yielded a significantly higher (P<0.05) proportion of unfertilized ovum (57.6 %) irrespective of the sire breeds. Comparatively, a higher number of degenerated embryos were produced by HF*Boran cows. This study demonstrated that the presence of breed-related differences in both the quality and quantity of in vivo produced Bovine embryos.

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Effect of preservation time on the quality of frozen semen in indigenous rams

Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23113 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

BBA Mahmuda ◽

Azizun Nesa ◽

BF Zohara ◽

MGS Alam ◽

FY Bari

Keyword(s):

Semen Quality ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Volume Density ◽

Normal Morphology ◽

Mean Values ◽

Frozen Semen ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Fresh Semen

The study was carried out to observe the effects of preservation time on the quality of frozen semen of indigenous rams. Semen was collected using AV once a week from 4 rams. Tris based with 10% egg yolk and 7% glycerol extender was used to extend and freezing the semen. Fresh semen was evaluated for volume, density, mass motility and concentration, and mean values were observed as 0.8±0.2ml, 3.0±0.3, 3.2±0.7, 3.9±0.7×109/ml, respectively. Significant difference (p<0.05) was found for all the parameters among the rams. Mean values of motility, viability and normal morphology percentages were 83.3±4.3%, 88.2±4.4%, 84.2±3.5% in fresh semen while those of chilled semen at 40C were 74.7±2.3, 78.8±4.9 and 79.2±2.9%, respectively. For all the parameters, significant (p<0.05) difference was found among the rams. Frozen sperm motility was observed after thawing at 39-400C for 14-15 seconds. The mean motility, viability and normal morphology percentages after freezing for 24hrs, 7, 15 and 30 days of duration were 39.8±3.1, 41.1±4.3, 40.1±4.1 and 39.4±2.9%; 44.5±2.5, 45.3±2.8, 44.6±2.8 and 43.9±2.8%; 71.0±2.0, 71.7±1.5, 70.7±1.7 and 70.3±1.8%, respectively and values did not decrease significantly (p>0.05) with the increasing time of preservation. Non significantly decrease of the semen quality with advance of preservation time indicates the suitability of the protocol used for freezing of indigenous ram semen in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23113 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 10-15

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Does surface anodisation of titanium implants change osseointegration and make their extraction from bone any easier?

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1617362 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (03) ◽

pp. 202-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Langhoff ◽

J. Mayer ◽

L. Faber ◽

S. Kaestner ◽

G. Guibert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Titanium Implants ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Bone Implant ◽

High Bone ◽

Titanium Surfaces ◽

Anodized Titanium ◽

Titanium Implant Surface

Summary Objectives: Titanium implants have a tendency for high bone-implant bonding, and, in comparison to stainless steel implants are more difficult to remove. The current study was carried out to evaluate, i) the release strength of three selected anodized titanium surfaces with increased nanohardness and low roughness, and ii) bone-implant bonding in vivo. These modified surfaces were intended to give improved anchorage while facilitating easier removal of temporary implants. Material and methods: The new surfaces were referenced to a stainless steel implant and a standard titanium implant surface (TiMAX™). In a sheep limb model, healing period was 3 months. Bone-implant bonding was evaluated either biomechanically or histologically. Results: The new surface anodized screws demonstrated similar or slightly higher bone-implantcontact (BIC) and torque release forces than the titanium reference. The BIC of the stainless steel implants was significant lower than two of the anodized surfaces (p=0.04), but differences between stainless steel and all titanium implants in torque release forces were not significant (p=0.06). Conclusion: The new anodized titanium surfaces showed good bone-implant bonding despite a smooth surface and increased nanohardness. However, they failed to facilitate implant removal at 3 months.

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The limit of tolerable micromotion for implant osseointegration: a systematic review

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90142-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nupur Kohli ◽

Jennifer C. Stoddart ◽

Richard J. van Arkel

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Research Effort ◽

Mean Value ◽

Development Research ◽

Implant Loosening ◽

Bone Implant ◽

The Mean ◽

Porous Biomaterials ◽

Fibrous Capsule Formation

AbstractMuch research effort is being invested into the development of porous biomaterials that enhance implant osseointegration. Large micromotions at the bone-implant interface impair this osseointegration process, resulting in fibrous capsule formation and implant loosening. This systematic review compiled all the in vivo evidence available to establish if there is a universal limit of tolerable micromotion for implant osseointegration. The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (ID: CRD42020196686). Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Knowledge databases were searched for studies containing terms relating to micromotion and osseointegration. The mean value of micromotion for implants that osseointegrated was 32% of the mean value for those that did not (112 ± 176 µm versus 349 ± 231 µm, p < 0.001). However, there was a large overlap in the data ranges with no universal limit apparent. Rather, many factors were found to combine to affect the overall outcome including loading time, the type of implant and the material being used. The tables provided in this review summarise these factors and will aid investigators in identifying the most relevant micromotion values for their biomaterial and implant development research.

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Monitoring the Changes of Material Properties at Bone-Implant Interface during the Healing Process In Vivo: A Viscoelastic Investigation

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/1945607 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hsiang-Ho Chen ◽

Wei-Yi Lai ◽

Tze-Jian Chee ◽

Ya-Hui Chan ◽

Sheng-Wei Feng

Keyword(s):

Viscoelastic Properties ◽

Healing Process ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽

Implant Stability ◽

Stability Parameters ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Implant Stability Quotient ◽

The Mean

The aim of this study was to monitor the changes of viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface via resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and the Periotest device during the healing process in an experimental rabbit model. Twenty-four dental implants were inserted into the femoral condyles of rabbits. The animals were sacrificed immediately after implant installation or on day 14, 28, or 56 after surgery. Viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface were evaluated by measuring the implant stability quotient (ISQ) using RFA and by measuring the Periotest values (PTVs) using the Periotest device. The bone/implant specimens were evaluated histopathologically and histomorphometrically to determine the degree of osseointegration (BIC%). The BIC% values at different time points were then compared with the corresponding ISQ values and PTVs. The mean ISQ value increased gradually and reached 81±1.7 on day 56, whereas the mean PTV decreased over time, finally reaching −0.7±0.5 on day 56. Significant correlations were found between ISQ and BIC% (r=0.701, p<0.001), PTV and BIC% (r=-0.637, p<0.05), and ISQ and PTV (r=-0.68, p<0.05). These results show that there is a positive correlation between implant stability parameters and peri-implant-bone healing, indicating that the RFA and Periotest are useful for measuring changes of viscoelastic properties at bone-implant interface and are reliable for indirectly predicting the degree of osseointegration.

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Surface characteristics of titanium dental implants with improved microdesigns: An in vivo study of their osseointegration performance in goat mandible

Journal of Biomaterials Applications ◽

10.1177/0885328220947345 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088532822094734

Author(s):

Surajit Mistry ◽

Subhasish Burman ◽

Subhasis Roy ◽

Nilendu Jyoti Maitra ◽

Rajiv Roy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Experiments ◽

Titanium Implant ◽

Surface Characteristics ◽

Surface Characterisation ◽

Bone Implant ◽

Current Trends ◽

Hydrothermal Modification ◽

Endosseous Implant ◽

Modification Of Titanium

Current trends in endosseous implant research are focused on the modification of microdesign of implants to achieve early and strong osseointegration. This study compares the influence of zinc doped hydroxyapatite (ZnHAp) coated, hydrothermally treated (HT) and machined Ti6Al4V (control) implants on osseointegration. The surface characterisation and microbial affinity test for implants were performed. Twenty seven (27) cylinders (3 types in each animal) were placed in the mandible of 9 black Bengal goats. Bone-implant interface was examined with histological, radiological parameters and scanning electron microscopy at 6, 12, and 24 weeks post-implantation. Surface roughness alterations of bone-separated implants were analysed by non-contact profilometer with time. The ZnHAp coated implants revealed direct and early bone-implant contact but high bacterial adherence and coating cracks. Low bacterial affinity and early strong bony integration was observed with HT implants. Poor bacterial affinity and delayed but strong fixation was evident with control implants. Based on the results of laboratory and animal experiments, we conclude that the hydrothermal modification of titanium implant is the more suitable way to achieve safe and effective osseointegration than the other two implant types for endosseous application.

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Calibration and Application of an Intra-articular Force Transducer for the Measurement of Patellar Tendon Graft Forces: An in Situ Evaluation

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.2798336 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 121 (4) ◽

pp. 393-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

B. C. Fleming ◽

L. Good ◽

G. D. Peura ◽

B. D. Beynnon

Keyword(s):

Knee Flexion ◽

Flexion Angle ◽

Implantation Technique ◽

Knee Flexion Angle ◽

Percent Error ◽

Acl Graft ◽

Calibration Methods ◽

The Mean ◽

Post Implantation

The objective of this study was to evaluate two calibration methods for the “Arthroscopically Implantable Force Probe” (AIFP) that are potentially suitable for in vivo use: (1) a direct, experimentally based method performed by applying a tensile load directly to the graft after it is harvested but prior to implantation (the “pre-implantation” technique), and (2) an indirect method that utilizes cadaver-based analytical expressions to transform the AIFP output versus anterior shear load relationship, which may be established in vivo, to resultant graft load (the “post-implantation” technique). The AIFP outputs during anterior shear loading of the knee joint using these two calibration methods were compared directly to graft force measurements using a ligament cutting protocol and a 6 DOF load cell. The mean percent error ((actual – measured)/(actual) * 100) associated with the pre-implantation calibration ranged between 85 and 175 percent, and was dependent on the knee flexion angle tested. The percent error associated with the post-implantation technique was evaluated in two load ranges: loads less than 40 N, and loads greater than 40 N. For graft force values greater than 40 N, the mean percent errors inherent to the post-implantation calibration method ranged between 20 and 29 percent, depending on the knee flexion angle tested. Below 40 N, these errors were substantially greater. Of the two calibration methods evaluated, the post-implantation approach provided a better estimate of the ACL graft force than the pre-implantation technique. However, the errors for the post-implantation approach were still high and suggested that caution should be employed when using implantable force probes for in vivo measurement of ACL graft forces.

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In vivo feasibility study of the use of porous polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane implants in partial laryngeal reconstruction

10.1101/587691 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Martin A. Birchall ◽

Peggy Herrmann ◽

Paul Sibbons

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Thyroid Cartilage ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽

Present Formulation ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽

Post Implantation

AbstractBackgroundLoss of substantial volumes of laryngeal tissue after trauma or cancer significantly impairs quality of life. We hypothesised that repair of laryngeal defects with a candidate biomaterial, seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and epithelial cells, may offer a therapeutic approach to this unmet need.MethodMoulded porous polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane polycarbonate-urea (POSS-PCU) scaffolds were seeded with human-derived MSC and epithelial cells, were implanted orthotopically into a defect created in the thyroid cartilage in eight pigs and monitoredin vivofor 2 months.In vivoassessments were performed at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks post implantation. Histology was performed following termination.ResultsImplant operations were uncomplicated. One pig was terminated early (2 weeks post-implantation) following expectoration of its implant. No other mortality or morbidity was observed. Endoscopy showed partial extrusion of implants at two weeks and complete extrusion of all implants by termination.ConclusionsPOSS-PCU moulded laryngeal implants, in the present formulation, are extruded from the site of implantation between two- and eight-weeks post-surgery in pigs. In its present formulation and with the present, one-stage, protocol, this material does not appear to provide a suitable scaffold and vehicle for cells intended for partial laryngeal replacement in pigs.

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