scholarly journals Implant-abutment screw removal torque values between customized titanium abutment, straight titanium abutment, and hybrid zirconia abutment after a million cyclic loading: an in vitro comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Disayut Klongbunjit ◽  
Weerapan Aunmeungtong ◽  
Pathawee Khongkhunthian
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Iso 14801

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to compare removal torque values after mechanical cyclic loading and bending moment after the static compression testing of customized titanium abutment compared with prefabricated and hybrid abutments. Materials and methods The study was developed according to ISO 14801:2016. Sixty implants were divided into three groups equally: Straight titanium abutment group, Customized titanium abutment group, and Hybrid zirconia abutment group. Abutments were fabricated with zirconia restoration. Forty five implants underwent for cyclic loading. The removal torque values were measured after a fatigue test was conducted at 0 cycles (control), 50,000 cycles and 1,000,000 cycles. In the second experiment, 15 implants were divided into the same groups. Then, bending moments were investigated. Results The mean initial removal torque value was significantly higher than 50,000 cycles and 1,000,000 cycles (P < 0.001). The comparison of mean removal torque value between types of abutments was not significantly different (P > 0.05), and the bending moments of all abutments were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Conclusions From the boundary of this in-vitro study, it could be concluded that customized titanium abutment and hybrid abutment were not significantly different in terms of removal torque values after the fatigue test. The bending moment between types of abutment were not significantly different. Thus, it could be concluded that abutment type does not significantly influence abutment stability or fracture strength.

scholarly journals Evaluation of removal torque values for titanium screws of prosthetic abutments after different torque application techniques: in vitro study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Carolina Enith Bullen Medina ◽  
Caroline Freitas Rafael ◽  
Claudia Angela Maria Volpato ◽  
Mutlu Özcan ◽  
Diego Klee de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Titanium Screws ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Group 1

<p class="Corpo"><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the removal torque values on abutment screws after different torque application techniques. <strong>Materials and methods:</strong> Thirty specimens of an external hexagon implant, a prefabricated abutment and a titanium screw were distributed randomly in three groups. In group 1, the screws received a torque of 30 N.cm; group 2 received a torque of 30N.cm and a second torque after 10 min, in accordance with the technique proposed by Brending et al. and Dixon et al.; in group 3, a torque of 30 N.cm was applied and maintained for 20 s, in accordance with the technique recommended by Sella et al. The specimens were attached to a universal testing machine and a digital key was coupled to the load cell in order to control the torque value at a velocity of 1 N.cm/s. Removal torque was performed 10 minutes after torque application. Values were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (α = 0.05). <strong>Results:</strong> The mean and standard deviations (±SD) of removal torque values found were 27.95±0.99N.cm for group 1, 28.32±0.68N.cm for group 2 and 26.89±1.03N.cm for group 3. Groups 1 and 2 exhibited statistically higher values of torque than group 3 (p ˂ 0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The technique recommended by Breeding et al. and Dixon et al. seemed to be the best option when considering the removal torque values of external hexagon implants.</p><p class="Corpo"> </p><p class="Corpo"><strong>Keywords<em>:</em></strong><strong> </strong>Abutment screw; Dental implants; Removal torque.<strong></strong></p>

Reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading: The effects of sealant agents and the taper of conical connections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Ozdiler ◽  
suleyman dayan ◽  
Burc Gencel ◽  
Gulbahar Isık-Ozkol
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicone Sealant ◽  
Reverse Torque ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

This in vitro study evaluated the influence of taper angles on the internal conical connections of implant systems and of the application of chlorhexidine gel as an antibacterial agent or a polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) sealant on the reverse torque values of abutment screws after dynamic loading. The current study tested four implant systems with different taper angles (5.4°, 12°, 45°, and 60°). Specimens were divided into three groups: control (neither chlorhexidine gel filled nor silicone sealed), 2% chlorhexidine gel-filled or silicone-sealed group, and group subjected to a dynamic load of 50 N at 1 Hz for 500,000 cycles prior to reverse torque measurements. Quantitative positive correlation was observed between the taper angle degree and the percentage of tightening torque loss. However, this correlation was significant only for the 60° connection groups except in the group in which a sealant was applied ( p = 0.013 for the control group, p = 0.007 for the chlorhexidine group). Percentages of decrease in the torque values of the specimens with silicone sealant application were significantly higher compared with both the control and chlorhexidine groups ( p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.002, respectively, according to the increasing taper angles); the percentage of decrease in torque values due to chlorhexidine application was statistically insignificant when compared with the control group. The application of gel-form chlorhexidine as an antibacterial agent does not significantly affect the stability of the implant–abutment connection under dynamic loads. PVS sealants may cause screw loosening under functional loads.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Screw Designs on Durability of Fracture Fixation: In Vitro Study with Cyclic Loading of Scaphoid Bones

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0145949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Gruszka ◽  
Robert Herr ◽  
Hans Hely ◽  
Peer Hofmann ◽  
Daniela Klitscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Fracture Fixation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

Behavior of implant and abutment sets of three different connections during the non-axial load application: An in vitro experimental study using a radiographic method

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sergio Alexandre Gehrke ◽  
Berenice Anina Dedavid ◽  
José Manuel Granero Marín ◽  
Luigi Canullo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Digital Radiography ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Load Application ◽  
Radiographic Method ◽  
Radiography System ◽  
Torque Values

BACKGROUND: During the masticatory cycle, loads of different intensities and directions are received by the dental structures and/or implants, which can cause micromovements at the junction between the abutment and implant. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the behavior of three different implant connections subjected to different load values using a digital radiography system. Additionally, the torque values for removing the abutment screws were also measured and compared. METHODS: Ninety sets of implant and abutment (IA) were used, divided into three groups according to the type of connection (n = 30 per group): EH group, external hexagon type connection; IH group, internal hexagon connection; and, MT group, Morse taper connection. RESULTS: MT group showed the better vertical misfit behavior at the three intensity of load applied, in comparison with EH and IH groups. In the analysis of torque maintenance (detorque test), MT group showed higher values of detorque when compared with the measured values of EH and IH groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The IA sets of EH and IH groups showed a microgap in all levels of applied loads, unlike the MT group this event was not observed. In the detorque test, MT group increase in the torque values when compared to the initial torque applied, unlike EH and IH groups showed a decrease in the initially torque applied in all conditions tested. A positive correlation was detected between the misfit and detorque values.

An in vitro evaluation on polyurethane foam sheets of the insertion torque, removal torque values, and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) of a self-tapping threads and round apex implant

2020 ◽  
pp. 026248932097179
Author(s):  
Margherita Tumedei ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Antonello Falco ◽  
Francesco De Angelis ◽  
Felice Lorusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Torque Values

The dental implant primary stability and micromovement absence represent critical factor for dental implant osseointegration. The aim of the present in vitro investigation was to simulate the bone response on different polyurethane densities the effect of self-tapping threads and round apex implant geometry. A total of 40 implants were positioned in D1, D2, D3 and D4 polyurethane block densities following a calibrated drilling protocol. The Insertion, removal Torque and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) means were calculated. All experimental conditions showed insertion torque values >30 Ncm. A significant higher insertion torque, removal and RFA was present in D1 polyurethane. Similar evidences were evidenced for D3 and D4. The effectiveness of the present study suggested a valuable clinical advantage for self-tapping threads and round apex implant using, such as in case of reduced bone density in the posterior maxilla

scholarly journals Influence of Orthodontic Anchor Screw Anchorage Method on the Stability of Artificial Bone: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seen-Young Kang ◽  
Ji-Min Yu ◽  
Hyoung-Sik Kim ◽  
Jun-Seok Lee ◽  
Chan-Mi Yeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Automatic Device ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Artificial Bones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Torque Values

This study aims to compare the torque values for various lengths of the titanium-based orthodontic anchor screw (OAS), different anchorage methods and varying artificial bone densities after predrilling. Furthermore, the effects of these parameters on bone stability are evaluated. A total of 144 OASs were prepared with a diameter of 1.6 mm and heights of 6, 8 and 10 mm. Artificial bones were selected according to their density, corresponding to Grades 50, 40 and 30. Torque values for the automatic device and manual anchorage methods exhibited a statistically significant difference for the same-sized OAS, according to the bone density of the artificial bones (p < 0.05). However, when insertion torque was at the maximum rotations, there was no significant difference in the torque values for the Grade 30 artificial bone (p > 0.05). When the torque values of both anchorage methods were statistically compared with the mean difference for each group, the results of the manual anchorage method were significantly higher than those of the automatic device anchorage method (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed in the bone stability resulting from different OAS anchorage methods and artificial bone lengths. These findings suggest that the automatic anchorage method should be used when fixing the OAS.

scholarly journals Torque Loss After Miniscrew Placement: An In-Vitro Study Followed by a Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Migliorati ◽  
Sara Drago ◽  
Fabrizio Barberis ◽  
Irene Schiavetti ◽  
Domenico Dalessandri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Insertion Time ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Torque Loss ◽  
Torque Values

To evaluate torque loss a week after insertion, both in an in vivo and an in vitro experimental setup were designed. In the in vivo setup a total of 29 miniscrews were placed in 20 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment. Maximum insertion torque (MIT) was evaluated at insertion time (T1). A week later, insertion torque was measured again by applying a quarter turn (T2); no load was applied on the screw during the first week. In the in vitro setup a total of 20 miniscrews were placed in pig rib bone samples. MIT was evaluated at insertion time (T1). Bone samples were kept in saline solution and controlled environment for a week during which the solution was refreshed every day. Afterwards, torque was measured again by applying a quarter turn (T2). The comparison of MIT over time was done calculating the percentage difference of the torque values between pre- and post-treatment and using the parametric two independent samples t-test or the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test. After a week unloaded miniscrews showed a mean loss of rotational torque of 36.3% and 40.9% in in vitro and in in vivo conditions, respectively. No statistical differences were found between the two different setups. Torque loss was observed after the first week in both study models; in vitro experimental setup provided a reliable study model for studying torque variation during the first week after insertion.

scholarly journals External Connection versus Internal Connection in Dental Implantology. A Mechanical in vitro Study

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Fernández-Asián ◽  
Martínez-González ◽  
Torres-Lagares ◽  
Serrera-Figallo ◽  
Gutiérrez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dynamic Load ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Internal Connection ◽  
External Connection ◽  
Iso 14801

(1) Background: In today's dentistry, implantology has become a therapeutic resource of choice in certain clinical situations. The design of implants has evolved in several aspects since their inception. Dental implants were initially designed with an external hex connection, although due to force transmission and security in the adjustment of the prosthesis, later implants featured an internal hex connection. This study aims to analyse the mechanical properties of two types of implants (an internal connection and an external connection) from the same manufacturer and their different prosthetic components (union screw between implant and prosthetic abutment, and the abutment itself) when subjected to different types of load. (2) Materials and methods: Intraosseous dental implants of similar shape, design and size, although different in type of connection (external vs. internal), were studied. The specifications of the UNI EN ISO 14801 test standard were used, with all determinations being carried out three times. Finally, the dimensional characterisation of the samples analysed after the dynamic load study was carried out, and the values of both study groups were compared by means of the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test to find statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). (3) Results: For the static characterisation test, we found between 610.9 N and 986.1 N for the external connection and between 1263.6 N and 1324 N for the internal connection (p = 0.011). All of the dynamic load tests were positive and there was no failure in any of the components studied. (4) Conclusions: After the analysis of the samples studied in vitro, satisfactory results were obtained, demonstrating that both connections can support considerable mechanical loads according to international standards (UNI EN ISO 14801).

scholarly journals Effect of Mechanical Cycling on Screw Torque in External Hexagon Implants with and without Platform Switching

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Andrade Cantharino de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo Vedovatto ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Perri de Carvalho ◽  
José Vitor Quinelli Mazaro ◽  
Rosse Mary Falcón-Antenucci
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Screw Loosening ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Reverse Torque ◽  
Mechanical Cycling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Platform Switching ◽  
Abutment Screw

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of mechanical cycling on the torque of retaining screw in external hexagon implants with platform switching (PS), regular platform (RP) and wide platform (WP). A total of 30 specimens were equally divided into 3 groups: PS, PR and WP. Each specimen was prepared with implants: 3.75 x 10 mm for RP group and 5.0x10 mm for PS and WP groups and its respective abutment with 32 Ncm torque. All groups were subjected to 106 cycles with 100 N (corresponding to about 40 months of chewing). The results were obtained with the reverse torque of each specimen and data were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). The PS group showed statistically significant difference in screw removal torque (30.06±5.42) compared with RP (23.75±2.76) and WP (21.32±3.53) (p<0.05) groups; the RP and WP groups showed no statistically significant difference between them. It was concluded that the PS group showed higher reverse torque value, suggesting lower susceptibility of the abutment screw loosening.

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