scholarly journals Postabortion contraceptive use in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anteneh Mekuria ◽  
Hordofa Gutema ◽  
Habtamu Wondiye ◽  
Million Abera
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraceptive Counselling ◽  
Index Pregnancy ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Although promoting postabortion family planning is very important and effective strategy to avert unwanted pregnancy, less attention was given to it in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess contraceptive use and factors which are affecting it among women after abortion in Bahir Dar town. Methods Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar town. The data was collected using structured interviewer administered questionnaire from women who obtain the abortion services. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association that demographic factor and reproductive characteristics have with postabortion contracetive use. Findings with p-value of < 0.05 at 95% CI were considered as statistically significant. Results A total of 400 women who received abortion service were participated in this study. The proportion of postabortion contraceptive use is 78.5%. Single women are 7.2 times more likely use contraceptive after abortion as compared to their counterpart. Contraceptive use is 2 times higher among women who have previous history of abortion as compared to their counterpart. Women who used contraceptive previously and who used contraception for index pregnancy are 4.73 and 2.64 times more likely to use contraceptive after abortion as compared to their counterpart respectively. Conclusion Postabortion contraceptive use is associated with age, marital status, having previous history of abortion, previous contraceptive use and using contraception for index pregnancy. Greater emphasis should be given on providing postabortion contraceptive counselling to increase utilization of postabortion contraceptive use.

Malaria among migrants in a university hospital in Colombia during 2018: A case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 004947552098130
Author(s):  
Fabián R Carreño-Almánzar ◽  
Adán Coronado-Galán ◽  
Sonia A Cala-Gómez ◽  
Agustín Vega-Vera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Imported malaria has increased in Colombia since 2015 and has been attributed to migrants coming from Venezuela. We present a series of malaria cases, nested in a retrospective cross-sectional study between 2017 and 2018, aimed at calculating the prevalence of medical diseases among immigrants in a University Hospital in Colombia. Among 154 immigrants admitted for medical causes between 2017 and 2018, 8 were diagnosed with malaria, all due to Plasmodium vivax. Of these, seven had uncomplicated malaria, five had a previous history of malaria, one was critically ill, but none died. We highlight that, similar to other case series of imported malaria, Latin American migrants were young, with similar clinical profiles, having a low proportion of severe cases, and P. vivax was the most frequent cause.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic and Electrocardiographic Findings in COVID-19 Patients; A Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faeze Keihanian ◽  
Hoorak Poorzand ◽  
Amin Saeidinia ◽  
Ali Eshraghi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrocardiographic Findings ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background: There are still many gaps in our knowledge regarding the direct cardiovascular injuries due to COVID-19 infection. In this study, we tried to find out the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiac function in patients without any history of structural heart disease by electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran between 14 April and 21 September 2020. COVID-19 infection was verified by a positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples. We enrolled all patients over 18 years old with definite diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. All patients underwent a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography at the first week of admission. Clinical and imaging data were collected prospectively. Results: In total, 142 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of participants was 60.69± 15.70 years (range: 30-90 years). Most patients were male (82, 57.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that O2 saturation at admission was independently a predictor of re-hospitalization (P<0.001). RV size (P<0.001), dyslipidemia (P<0.001), ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.001), age (P=0.020), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), O2 saturation (P=0.018) and diabetes (P=0.025) independently predicted 30-days mortality. Conclusion: Echocardiography can be used for risk assessment in patients with COVID-19, especially in those with previous history of diabetes and dyslipidemia. The infection could result in Ventricular dysfunction, even in those without previous history of structural heart disease.

scholarly journals Obstetric and neonatal outcome in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage at tertiary care hospital, Karnataka: a retrospective cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintan Upadhyay ◽  
Nisha Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: When clinical pregnancy is established, the risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss is ~12-14%, and therefore the incidence of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) by chance alone would be in the order of 0.35%. It occurs in 0.5-3% of women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the obstetric outcome in pregnancies with history of one or more abortions.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional study done at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore. Record review of cases was done from January 2005 to December 2009. Inclusion criteria were pregnancies with history of previous abortions.Results: There were 400 cases with previous history of abortions. There were 266 (66.4%) booked cases while 134 (33.5%) were unbooked cases. 272 (68.0%) patients crossed viable period of pregnancy (more than 28 weeks). Around 56 (14.0%) cases had repeat abortions, 276 (69.0%) cases underwent vaginal delivery and 124 (31.0%) underwent cesarean section. Almost 91 (22.8%) of Babies were low birth weight while others were above 2.5 kg. There were 52 (13.0%) preterm babies and 28 (7.0%) Intrauterine demise of fetuses.Conclusions: Patients with previous history of abortions are at increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome.

Acute Mountain Sickness in the Pyrenees: an observational cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Weisweiler ◽  
Marc Ayala ◽  
Iñigo Soteras ◽  
Enric Subirats ◽  
Joan Carles Trullàs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Mountain Sickness

Abstract Background The prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) ranges between 15% and 80% depending on the absolute altitude reached, speed of ascent, and individual susceptibility. However, there is a lack of information regarding AMS at moderate to high altitudes (2,500-3,500 m) and, even less, in the Pyrenees. Our aim is to determine the prevalence and risk factor of AMS in the Pyrenees. Methods A cross-sectional study including mountaineers who climbed a mountain with a height greater than 2,500 m in the Pyrenees region during July and August 2019. Sociodemographic data, medical history and activity information were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of AMS was based on the 2018 modified Lake Louise Score. A logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of different variables (risk factors) and AMS. Results From 437 participants, 117 met diagnostic criteria of AMS, establishing a prevalence of 26.7% (95% confidence interval: 22.6%-30.9%). Individuals affected by AMS had mild (88%) or moderate (12%) affection. The most common symptoms (in addition to headache which is mandatory for AMS diagnosis) were fatigue or weakness, gastrointestinal symptoms and dizziness. In an adjusted multivariate analysis, heavy perceived exertion, bad physical condition, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and previous history of altitude illness were independent risk factors for developing AMS. Conclusions One fourth of climbers in the Pyrenees experienced mild or moderate AMS. Previous history of AMS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and other modifiable risk factors such as physical exertion and physical condition were strong and independent predictors of AMS. These findings suggest that educational/informational programs for individuals planning to climb to moderate-high altitudes in the Pyrenees may contribute to prevent AMS.

Reasons why patients with tuberculosis in South Korea stop anti-TB treatment: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1016-1023
Author(s):  
H. W. Kim ◽  
J. Min ◽  
A. Y. Shin ◽  
H-K. Koo ◽  
S. Y. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Nurses ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

BACKGROUND: As there had been no reduction in the TB burden in South Korea since 2000, a public-private mix (PPM) strategy was launched in 2011. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for lost to follow-up (LTFU) among TB patients and their clinical characteristics.METHOD: A multicentre, cross-sectional study based on in-depth interviews with patients and their families by TB specialist nurses was conducted. Patients who were reported with a final outcome of LTFU in 2015–2017 at all PPM hospitals across the country were enrolled. Enrolled patients were classified into six subgroups by age and three major reasons for LTFU (adverse effects, refusal of treatment, marginalisation) and their clinical features were compared.RESULTS: Among 780 patients, those who were lost to follow-up due to adverse effects accounted for the largest proportion (n = 387). LTFU in those aged <65 years who refused treatment (n = 189) and those aged <65 years who were marginalised (n = 108) were related to having smear-positive TB and a previous history of unfavourable outcomes.CONCLUSION: To reduce LTFU in South Korea, comprehensive strategies, including management of adverse effects, systematic counselling and education, should be implemented.

Tramadol dependence in the addiction unit of Baghdad: A cross sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 72-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTramadol is one of the most prescribed centrally-acting analgesic in the world. It has been widely used in Iraq over the last few years. There are many contradicting studies about the potential risk of tramadol abuse in the world. In this piece of work we have tried to describe a group of patients referred to the main addiction unit in Baghdad with Tramadol Abuse.Method41 patients referred to the addiction unit in Ibn-Rushed Mental Teaching Hospital in Baghdad with Tramadol abuse problems, were screened, and 36 were included in this Cross Sectional study.Results78% were males & 22% were females. Their age were 16–57y(mean27y).90% of the sample were on Tramadol alone & 10% on polydrugs. About 92% of them were iatrogenic abusers. Most of the patients were without previous history of drug abuse. More than one fifth of the patients had at least one seizure. About one fifth of the sample were health professionals.ConclusionTramadol is freely and widely used in Iraq. Tramadol has a clear risk of causing dependency syndrome and this has been nearly almost always iatrogenic in our study sample. Tramadol abuse seems to be a growing problem in Iraq.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Unintended Pregnancy among Women Receiving Antenatal Care Services: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Kwame Adu-Bonsaffoh ◽  
Evelyn Tamma ◽  
Joseph D Seffah
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Index Pregnancy

Globally, unintended pregnancy represents an important public health challenge with significant social, economic and clinical repercussions which are worse in low-income and middle-income countries. Appropriate use of modern contraceptives averts significant proportions of unintended pregnancies and pregnancy complications. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy and explore modern contraceptive use among pregnant women A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Korle-Bu Teaching hospital in Ghana using a face-to-face structured interview. Descriptive analysis was performed and multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of unintended pregnancy. Among the included 450 pregnant women receiving antenatal care, 155 (34.4%) had unintended pregnancy out of which 33 (21.3%) were using contraceptives prior to conception. In all, 14.2% (64/450) were using modern contraceptives. There was a significant difference between women and their partners regarding the perception of their index pregnancy as unintended (34.4% versus 31.6%, p-value &lt;0.001). Significant determinants of unintended pregnancy include younger maternal age [aOR:5.706, 95%CI (1.860, 19.732)], unmarried status [aOR:5.238, 95%CI (2.882, 9.735)], previous childbirth [(aOR:2.376, 95%CI (1.460, 4.758], number of pregnancies &ge;6 [aOR:2.640, 95%CI (1.210, 5.854)], number pregnancies &le;2 [aOR:0.417, 95%CI (0.252, 0.682)], previous caesarean birth [aOR:2.034, 95%CI (1.154, 3.306)] and contraceptive use prior to index pregnancy [aOR:2.305 95%CI (1.283-4.162)]. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy remains markedly high while prior contraceptive use was relatively low among women receiving antenatal care. Evidence-based interventions including specialized client education are vital in improving optimal use of contraceptive services. We recommend further research including community-based qualitative studies to better understand the factors associated with contraceptive uptake and outcomes of unintended pregnancy.

scholarly journals Magnitude and associated factors of caesarean section deliveries among women who gave birth in Southwest Ethiopia: institutional-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayenew Mose ◽  
Haimanot Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Caesarean section is a life-saving comprehensive obstetric procedure of women and newborn performed during childbirth-related complications and should be universally accessible for all pregnant mothers globally. Appropriate use of caesarean section can reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. However, inappropriate use of caesarean section can negatively affect infant health, women health, and future pregnancies. The magnitude and factors associated with caesarean section delivery were not consistent and will vary between different hospitals of Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the magnitude and factors associated with caesarean section deliveries in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods and Materials An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to February 29, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 551 study participants. A pretested, structured, and face-to-face interview was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2.0 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. P values < 0.05 result were considered as a statistically significant association. Results The magnitude of caesarean section deliveries was found to be 32.5 % (95 % CI; 28.6%-36.7 %). Mothers resided in an urban area [AOR = 2.58, (95% CI; 1.66–4.01)], multiple pregnancies [AOR = 3.15, (95% CI; 1.89–5.23), malpresentation [AOR = 3.05, (95% CI; 1.77–5.24)], and previous history of caesarean section [AOR = 3.55, (95% CI; 2.23–5.64) were factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. Conclusions Caesarean section deliveries were found high in the study area. Mothers resided in an urban area, multiple pregnancies, malpresentation, and previous history of caesarean section were factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. Therefore, counselling of mothers on the risk of giving birth through elective caesarean section without absolute and relative medical indications and giving enough time for the trial of vaginal birth after caesarean section are recommended.

scholarly journals Burden of Pelvic Girdle Pain During Pregnancy Among Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moges Gashaw Getnet ◽  
Solomon Gedlu ◽  
Balamurugan Janakiraman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
Pelvic Girdle Pain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is a commonly reported maternal morbidity that negatively impacts the well-being of women during pregnancy and extends long term into the post-partum period. The burden of maternal morbidity; including pregnancy-related PGP; has been overlooked in Ethiopia to date. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identify factors associated with pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy in North West Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women visiting the antenatal care clinic in Obstetrics ‘outpatient department at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital in Gondar. Data were collected by interview method using structured questionnaires, patient medical record reviews, and physical measurements. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression model analyses were used to identify factors associated with PGP. Results: A total of 424 participants with gestational ages ranging from 6 to 39 weeks participated in this study. The age of the study participants ranged from 18 to 44 years with a mean age of (27 ±4.6 years). The overall cumulative prevalence of pelvic girdle pain among pregnant women was 103 (24.3%), 95% CI (20.3, 28.8). The major associated factors with pelvic girdle pain were previous history of pelvic girdle pain (AOR 16.08; 95% CI, 8.47-30.51), previous history of back pain (AOR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.5-4.24) and having children (AOR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.29-3.76).Conclusion: One-quarter of pregnant Ethiopian women reported pelvic girdle pain. Many respondents endured pain on multiple occasions and association with the previous history of PGP might be an episode of relapse. PGP must be considered a major pregnancy-related morbidity, and progress in the intervention of PGP is vital to enhance the quality of life in this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and associated factors among adult residents of Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e030158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getasew Mulat Bantie ◽  
Achenef Almaw Wondaye ◽  
Efrem Beru Arike ◽  
Mesfin Tenagne Melaku ◽  
Simegnew Tilaneh Ejigu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated factors among adult inhabitants of Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adults (n=607) of Bahir Dar city from 10 March to 20 May 2018.MeasurementsData were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements were taken from each participant. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) level was determined by samples taken early in the morning and readings of FBS≥126 mg/dL were classified as diabetes. The multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to identify the predictors of undiagnosed DM; adjusted OR (AOR) with a 95% CI was computed to assess the strength of associations.ResultThe study revealed that the prevalence of undiagnosed DM was 10.2% with 95% CI 7.9 to 12.9. Ever checked blood glucose level (AOR=1.91, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.51), don’t know the symptoms of diabetes (AOR=2.06, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.89), family history of DM (AOR=2.5, 95% CI 1.21 to 5.18) and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2(AOR=1.98, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.60) were factors associated with undiagnosed DM.ConclusionThe magnitude of undiagnosed diabetes was high. Family history of DM, ever checked blood glucose level, don’t know about the symptoms of diabetes and overweight BMI were predictors of undiagnosed DM. Hence, screening and treatment are mandatory for high-risk groups. In addition, this study suggests frequent screening for those with family history and awareness creating about the disease for early detection and treatment.

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