scholarly journals Transparency in port governance: setting a research agenda

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary R. Brooks ◽  
Geraldine Knatz ◽  
Athanasios A. Pallis ◽  
Gordon Wilmsmeier
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
General Public ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Operational Activities

AbstractThis study examines the concept of transparency as practiced (or not) in ports. It explores the availability of information to the general public and port stakeholders through the ports’ most public face—its website, studying public ports in North America, Europe, and Latin America and the Caribbean. This exploratory research centred on identifying the parameters that would be useful for the general public to have sufficient information to monitor, review and in many cases, participate in the decision-making processes carried out by the port authority, irrespective of whether or not laws mandate such disclosure. Fifty-one items were identified for the examination of each port’s website, focusing primarily on four major categories: decision-making governance, port communications and accessibility, transparency in reporting and in port operational activities. Using nine items as proxies for the 51, the research reveals uneven levels of port transparency both regionally and by governance model. The study reveals a need for increasing and differentiating the existing levels and standards of transparency in the governance of the port industry, and for greater consistency between ports within and across regions. The study concludes with a research agenda for future research.

scholarly journals A survey of methods for evaluating mini-publics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeuchi Ayano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Decision Making

AbstractPublic participation has become increasingly necessary to connect a wide range of knowledge and various values to agenda setting, decision-making and policymaking. In this context, deliberative democratic concepts, especially “mini-publics,” are gaining attention. Generally, mini-publics are conducted with randomly selected lay citizens who provide sufficient information to deliberate on issues and form final recommendations. Evaluations are conducted by practitioner researchers and independent researchers, but the results are not standardized. In this study, a systematic review of existing research regarding practices and outcomes of mini-publics was conducted. To analyze 29 papers, the evaluation methodologies were divided into 4 categories of a matrix between the evaluator and evaluated data. The evaluated cases mainly focused on the following two points: (1) how to maintain deliberation quality, and (2) the feasibility of mini-publics. To create a new path to the political decision-making process through mini-publics, it must be demonstrated that mini-publics can contribute to the decision-making process and good-quality deliberations are of concern to policy-makers and experts. Mini-publics are feasible if they can contribute to the political decision-making process and practitioners can evaluate and understand the advantages of mini-publics for each case. For future research, it is important to combine practical case studies and academic research, because few studies have been evaluated by independent researchers.

Statins for primary prevention: what is the regulator’s role?

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjebm-2019-111321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Jefferson ◽  
Maryanne Demasi ◽  
Peter Doshi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
General Public ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Central Location ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Drug Approvals ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Globally, drug regulators have approved statins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), although their use in primary prevention has been controversial. A highly publicised debate has ensued over whether the benefits outweigh the harms. Drug regulators, which are legally required to make independent judgements on drug approvals, have remained silent during the debate. Our aim was to navigate the decision-making processes of European drug regulators and ultimately request the data upon which statins were approved. Our findings revealed a system of fragmented regulation in which many countries licensed statins but did not analyse the data themselves. There is no easily accessible archive containing information about the licensing approval of statins or a central location for holding the trial data. This is an unsustainable model and serves neither the general public, nor researchers.

scholarly journals Spiritual Discernment, the Incorporated Organization, and Corporate Law: The Case of Quaker Business Method

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Nicholas Burton ◽  
Jonathan Bainbridge
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Spiritual Discernment ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which practices from the spiritual traditions—in our case, spiritual discernment—may offer opportunities for management innovation in non-religious organizations in designing collaborative and participative decision-making processes. We examine the case of a spiritual discernment practice associated with the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in the UK—known as the Quaker Business Method (QBM)—to help illuminate the opportunities of spiritual discernment in private limited companies. Given that the majority of non-religious, trading organizations are structured as private limited companies, our paper addresses the extent to which QBM can be utilized by such entities. Thus, we bring religion and corporate law into conversation to address this under-explored terrain. We find that embedding many elements of Quaker spiritual discernment in private limited companies pose non-trivial challenges. However, many of these challenges can be overcome so long as those involved in managing and owning organizations actively engage with corporate law, and specifically consider the benefits of adopting bespoke articles of association or entering into a separate shareholder agreement to reflect the practice of spiritual discernment. We necessarily adopt a practice-orientated perspective, and conclude by proposing new pathways for future research.

scholarly journals Understanding Key Antecedents of Consumer Loyalty toward Sharing-Economy Platforms: The Case of Airbnb

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Collaborative Consumption ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Amidst collaborative consumption and developments in information and communication technology, the sharing economy has attracted worldwide attention, being considered sustainable consumption as it shares time, resources, and materials with others. However, because sharing-economy platforms offer nearly homogeneous assets to traditional business firms, enhancing consumer loyalty presents a huge challenge. This study provides a theoretical view for understanding the mechanisms behind user loyalty in the sharing economy. It identifies consumer satisfaction and trust in Airbnb as the key antecedents of consumer loyalty. Moreover, this study investigates the different effects of economic, hedonic, and symbolic benefits on consumers’ decision-making processes. A structural equation modeling method was used to check the research hypotheses based on a sample of 317 Airbnb consumers in South Korea. The analysis results reveal that in the case of Airbnb, consumer loyalty is jointly shaped by consumer satisfaction and trust, with entertainment and recognition significantly influencing both consumer satisfaction and trust. Moreover, money savings and exploration are not significantly related to consumers’ decision-making processes. Although social benefits significantly influence trust in Airbnb, these have no significant effect on consumer satisfaction. The findings provide theoretical and practical implications and future research direction.

Entrepreneurial decision-making: new conceptual perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1283-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaylee De Winnaar ◽  
Frances Scholtz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to call for inclusion of alternative but complementary conceptual perspectives in entrepreneurial decision-making theory and practice. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual approach, drawing on two sets of theoretical perspectives relating to decision making of entrepreneurs, is adopted. Findings The paper presents a conceptual framework of entrepreneurial decision making utilising the intersection between a metacognitive model of the entrepreneurial mindset and the recognition-primed decision-making theory. The paper argues that the convergence of these theoretical viewpoints provides a selection of decision-making processes for entrepreneurs in an uncertain business environment. Practical implications Decision-making models and tools are available to entrepreneurs; however, the relevance and applicability are restrained by the complexity and uncertainty of business environments in which entrepreneurs operate. New and more inclusive conceptual perspectives are required to improve the accuracy of decision making. Originality/value The study offers a framework that integrates two diverse theoretical dimensions of entrepreneurial decision making. The findings of this study provide direction for practice and for future research on entrepreneurial decision making. The paper intends to encourage researchers to support a new combined theoretical approach and to help practitioners better understand the reasons for entrepreneurial decision failure.

How does familiarity shape destination image and loyalty for visitors and residents?

2020 ◽  
pp. 135676672096974
Author(s):  
Gian Luca Casali ◽  
Yulin Liu ◽  
Angelo Presenza ◽  
Char-Lee Moyle
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tourism Destination ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Behavioural Intentions ◽  
Place Image ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Destination familiarity is thought to critically influence tourists’ decision-making processes. Yet the role of familiarity in shaping tourists’ and residents’ image of, and loyalty to, a destination remains uncertain. This research tests a complex and holistic model of familiarity, affective, cognitive and overall images, and the conative behavioural intentions of visiting and recommending the destination for both residents and visitors in the context of the emerging tourism destination of Molise, Italy. The results reveal that residents and visitors differ in terms of their familiarity and intention to visit a place, with familiarity being less likely to influence residents’ intentions. There is heterogeneity between residents and visitors’ affective image and intention to visit, as well as between their overall image and intention to recommend Molise. Hence, unlike visitors, residents are more likely to respond to factual cognitive imaging, rather than emotional messaging, suggesting that shifting residents’ perceptions of place image requires a different approach to that of visitors. Future research should seek to confirm the relationships in a multi-destination study.

scholarly journals A Theory of Guilt Appeals: A Review Showing the Importance of Investigating Cognitive Processes as Mediators between Emotion and Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Aurélien Graton ◽  
Melody Mailliez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
And Behavior

Guilt appeals in the field of persuasion are quite common. However, the effectiveness of these messages is sometimes ambivalent. It is widely acknowledged that guilt leads people to engage into prosocial behaviors, but the effects of guilt can also be counter-productive (e.g., reactance-like effects). We argue that the explanations for these contradictions remain unsatisfactory and suggest that taking into account the implications of underlying cognitive—especially attentional—mechanisms would provide a better understanding of these paradoxical outcomes. This article provides a brief review of the literature on the link between guilt and pro-social behaviors and its classical interpretations. We propose a reinterpretation of this link by taking into account specific attentional processes triggered by the emotion of guilt. Attentional biases are, in our opinion, better predictors of the effectiveness of a message than the amount of emotion induced by the same message. This consideration should guide future research in the field of guilt appeals and pro-social behaviors. Implications, in terms of a broader comprehension of the emotion–behavior association in decision making processes, are discussed.

Managerial perceptions of energy in logistics

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Busse ◽  
Alexander Regelmann ◽  
Hariganesh Chithambaram ◽  
Stephan M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managerial Perceptions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Awareness Raising

Purpose Because of the major contribution of logistics to the greenhouse gas effect, logistics research has begun to address the topic of energy, but it has not yet targeted the role of energy within logistical decision-making processes. To facilitate such endeavors, the purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of energy which managers in logistics organizations portray. Design/methodology/approach This investigation is based on interviews with 17 managers. The findings are embedded in the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and stakeholder theory (SHT). Findings The study depicts initial insights on which energy-related perceptions exist, how they can be categorized into attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls (PBCs), and how different stakeholders seem to affect them. Research limitations/implications This research suggests a tentative comprehensive conceptual framework that describes the role of energy in logistical decision-making processes. The findings on attitudes and subjective norms appear to be unspecific to the logistics domain, whereas some of the PBCs are presumably unique to the logistics context. Future logistics research should hence focus its efforts on the PBCs. Generalizability and completeness of the managerial perceptions must be validated by future research. Practical implications The findings help logistics organizations in scrutinizing managerial perspectives on energy and in developing awareness-raising measures. Originality/value The behavioral perspective applied in this study can complement extant, more technically oriented views. The conceptual framework that integrates the TPB and SHT may also be useful for organizational research beyond the logistics domain.

scholarly journals Opening the “Black Box” of Firm De-internationalisation Processes: What Should We Still Know?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-171
Author(s):  
Piotr Trąpczyński
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Research ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Internationalization Strategy ◽  
Stock Of Knowledge

Abstract Objective: The purpose of the paper is to review extant research of firm de-internationalisation processes, considering the changing patterns in international operations, as well as the underlying decision-making logic. Methodology: The paper draws on two process perspectives in management research to refine the understanding of de-internationalisation process and provide a contribution to this still under-researched area. Contrary to many reviews of international management literature, the paper adopts a deductive analytical approach by applying theory-driven process perspectives to diagnose extant research, identify key developments and research gaps. Findings: In particular, decision-making processes still require a deeper exploration. The review provides a synthesis of extant knowledge on the antecedents, patterns and outcomes of de-internationalisation processes, which is of particular Value Added: By applying two different process approaches known from strategic management research, the paper presents a comprehensive review of existing studies, summarising the current stock of knowledge about both patterns of de-internationalisation and the underlying decision-making logic, and indicating certain gaps therein. Recommendations: The paper ends up with recommendations for future research, which relate to the subject of de-internationalisation processes, i.e. aspects of internationalization strategy which change, as well the nature of the underlying decision-making processes. interest for decision-makers responsible for international expansion.

scholarly journals The Impact of the purchase channel on unplanned purchases

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (34) ◽  
pp. 249-268
Author(s):  
Inês Henriques ◽  
Ana Margarida Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Shopping List ◽  
Purchase Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Web Designers

This exploratory research aimed to observe if the purchase channel used (online versus physical store) could influence the number and the type of unplanned purchases in a supermarket purchase situation. 64 participants were asked to simulate a supermarket purchase using a shopping list and a predefined budget. Participants were divided into two conditions: online shopping and physical store shopping simulation.Findings show that consumers purchase more unplanned items (and spent more money on unplanned purchases) when they buy in physical stores, as well as items on promotion. They also tend to spend more time in the decision-making process when compared to participants shopping online. In addition, online consumers spend more money on items that were on their shopping list.Our findings are important to the literature, demonstrating that consumer reactions towards shopping differ according to the channel. Advertisers and web designers can also benefit from these findings by making better decisions regarding online advertising, specifically in the retail domain. Suggestions for future research are provided in the end.

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