scholarly journals The influence of the extraction method on polyphenols, flavonoids composition and anti-hyperlipidemic properties of papaya leaves (Carica papaya Linn.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Abdel-Halim ◽  
Magda Ibrahim ◽  
Mona Abdel Mohsen ◽  
Lobna Abou-Setta ◽  
Amany Sleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Extract Yield ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Papaya (Carica papaya Linn.) is well known for its nutritional as well as medicinal value. Different parts of the plant including leaves have been used as therapeutic remedies for various diseases. The objective of the present study is to determine the impact of different extraction methods; microwave-assisted, ultrasonic-assisted and conventional maceration on extract yield, polyphenols, flavonoids composition and subsequently, the anti-hyperlipidemic potential of papaya leaves (Carica papaya Linn.). Results Innovative extraction methods represented in microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) have significant impact on the extract yield and total phenolic and flavonoids content than conventional maceration extraction (CME) of the prepared aqueous ethanol extracts. HPLC assay showed the highest content of bioactive polyphenols characterized extract from the MAE (29.99 mg/g), followed by UAE (24.75 mg/g) and the lowest content was that obtained from CME. The aqueous ethanol extract of the leaves obtained by MAE induced significant hypolipidemic activity (P < 0.05) in hyperlipidemic rats particularly, the oral treatment with 200 mg/kg b.wt. which retained the lipid profile to be compatible to the results of rats receiving simvastatin (0.18 mg/kg b.w.). Conclusion The results substantiate traditional usage and recommend the potential utilization of Carica papaya leaves for its’ beneficial therapeutic effects.

scholarly journals Optimasi Ekstraksi Berbantu Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Biji Melinjo Kerikil (Gnetum gnemon L., ‘Kerikil’) Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Bambang Kunarto ◽  
Sutardi Sutardi ◽  
Supriyanto Supriyanto ◽  
Chairil Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ultrasonic Bath ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

Biji melinjo kerikil mengandung senyawa fenolik dan resveratrol sehingga berpotensi sebagai antioksidan, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan ekstraksi. Metoda ekstraksi konvensional (maserasi, perebusan, refluxing) mempunyai kelemahan yaitu terjadinya kerusakan senyawa fenolik akibat reaksi oksidasi, hidrolisis dan ionisasi selama proses ekstraksi. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil dilakukan menggunakan metode ekstraksi berbantu gelombang ultrasonik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk optimasi ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil berbantu gelombang ultrasonik yang dilakukan pada berbagai waktu ekstraksi, suhu ekstraksi dan konsentrasi pelarut etanol. Surface response methodology digunakan untuk optimasi kondisi ekstraksi. Biji melinjo kerikil diekstrak menggunakan ultrasonic bath pada frekuensi 40 kHz dengan berbagai suhu (25, 30, 35, 40, 45oC), waktu ekstraksi (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 menit) dan konsentrasi pelarut etanol (40, 50, 60, 70 80%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil berbantu gelombang ultrasonik adalah pada suhu 30,18oC, waktu 33,01 menit dan konsentrasi pelarut etanol 71,04%. Pada kondisi ini, diperoleh yield ekstrak 18,41 ± 0,01%, total fenolik 11,26 ± 0,06 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid 533,70 ± 0,18 mg CE/100g, resveratrol 7,64 ± 0, 03%, IC50 sebesar 59,52 ± 0,04 ppm dan reducing power 76,31 ± 0,08%. Sebagai kesimpulan, optimasi ekstraksi biji melinjo kerikil berbantu gelombang ultrasonik menggunakan response surface methodology ini cukup baik karena nilai respon yang sebenarnya sesuai dengan nilai respon yang diprediksi.Melinjo kerikil seeds contain phenolic and resveratrol compounds so that it has the potential as an antioxidant, therefore extraction needs to be done. Conventional extraction methods (maceration, boiling, refluxing) have the disadvantage of devasting phenolic compounds due to oxidation, hydrolysis and ionization reactions during the extraction process. Therefore, in this study the extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds done by using the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. The study aims to optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds that be done at various extraction times, extraction temperatures and ethanol solvents concentrations. Response surface methodology was used to optimize experimental condition for extraction. Melinjo kerikil seeds were extracted by using ultrasonic bath at a frequency of 40 kHz with various temperatures (25, 30, 35, 40, 45oC), extraction time (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 minutes) and ethanol solvents concentrations (40, 50, 60, 70 80 %). The results showed that the optimum conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds were at a temperature of 30.18oC, a time of 33.01 minutes and an ethanol solvent concentration of 71.04%. In this condition, obtained the extract yield 18.41 ± 0.01%, total phenolic 11.26 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g, total flavonoids 533.70 ± 0.18 mg CE/100g, resveratrol 7.64 ± 0,03%, IC50 in the amount of 59.52 ± 0.04 ppm and reducing power 76.31 ± 0.08%. As a conclusion, the optimization ultrasonic-assisted extraction of melinjo kerikil seeds by using response surface methodology is quite good because the actual response value is in accordance with the predicted response value.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION FROM PURPLE BASIL LEAF BY CONVENTIONAL AND MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Basak ebru Ozcan ◽  
Osman Sagdic ◽  
Salih Karasu ◽  
Kubra Ozkan ◽  
Alican Akcicek
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
Phenolic Extraction ◽  
Optimum Extraction

The present study aimed to determine the optimum extraction conditions of conventional solvent extraction (CSE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) techniques to obtain maximum total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), total anthocyanin (TAC) and antioxidant capacity (AA). Response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were used to determine optimum points of CSE and MAE. Both two extraction methods, all parameters significantly affected TPC, AA, TFC and TAC (p<0.05). MAE showed higher bioactive compounds yield than that of CSE.  Optimum point for CSE and MAE was found to be 60°C and 30 min and 591.83 W and 2.98 min respectively. TPC, AA, TFC and TAC were obtained as 33.81mg/g, 160.27 mg/g, 11.89 mg/g and 331.01 mg/kg for CSE and 62.99 mg/g, 214.62 mg/g, 21.80 mg/g and 3462.93 mg/kg for MAE respectively. This study recommended that the MAE should be used for the extraction of PBL to increase phenolic extraction yield.

scholarly journals Influence of Extraction Scheme on the Antioxidant Potential of Caralluma tuberculata

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Sobia NOREEN ◽  
Ishtiaq HUSSAIN ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas TARIQ ◽  
Shahid IQBAL ◽  
Fozia BATOOL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Orbital Shaker

Herbal industry of developing countries is facing several technical issues related to the extraction conditions in order to attain the maximum yield of a plant extract with maximum therapeutic attributes. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the best technique for respective herbal products. The effect of three different extraction techniques: ultrasonic assisted extraction, microwave assisted and orbital shaker assisted extraction, by using three solvents (80% methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) on the antioxidant potential of Caralluma tuberculata stem (non-conventional vegetable) extracts were investigated. Folin-Ciocalteu method was applied on tested samples in order to find the concentration of total phenols. Therefore, the optimized extract of high yield and maximum total phenolic content was selected for further analysis like total flavonoid contents, FRAP, DPPH and ABTS scavenging potential. Quantification of phenolic acids in the extracts was also carried out by HPLC. Significant variation was observed in the yield of total phenols within the extracts, but better results were obtained in aqueous methanolic extract of ultrasonic assisted extraction, followed by microwave assisted and orbital shaker assisted extraction. Present findings supported the view that ultrasonic assisted extraction can be used for phytochemicals profiling, activity guided assays and the development of herbal products. Correlation coefficients of active principles indicated a significant relationship to antioxidant capacity P < 0.05.

Optimization of Phenolic Compound Recovery and Antioxidant Activity of Bay Leaves Using Sequential and Response Surface Methodologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazid Khaled Khodja ◽  
Mostapha Bachir-Bey ◽  
Rachid Ladjouzi ◽  
Bachra Khettal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Experimental Values

Background: The laurel is a shrub native to the Mediterranean basin. It is too often wrongly relegated to the kitchen as a simple condiment while it possesses many therapeutic properties and virtues. The valorization of this plant in terms of bioactive compounds seems to be important. Objective: The aim of the present study is to optimize total phenolic content (TPC) extraction and antioxidant activity from dried bay leaves using conventional process and response surface methodology (RSM). Method: The study of optimization was firstly tested three extraction methods (maceration, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), and Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE)) then the best one was considered for RSM. Results : The results for the sequential procedure indicated that MAE was the best method for TPC extraction and antioxidant activity of Laurus nobilis leaves. The mathematical modeling of MEA using response surface methodology showed that optimal conditions for phenolic compounds extraction were 57% methanol with microwaves power of 602W during 3.48 minutes. These conditions allowed TPC extraction of 83.53 mg/g and manifested an antioxidant activity of 32.51 mg EAG/g. Conclusion: The validation of models indicated that experimental values were in accordance with predicted ones, demonstrating the suitability of developed models and the success of RSM in the optimization of antioxidants extraction from Laurus nobilis leaves. Therefore, the bay leaves could be considered as an interesting source of phenolic antioxidants.

scholarly journals Development of New Analytical Microwave-Assisted Extraction Methods for Bioactive Compounds from Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. González de Peredo ◽  
Mercedes Vázquez-Espinosa ◽  
Estrella Espada-Bellido ◽  
Ana Jiménez-Cantizano ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

The phenolic compounds and anthocyanins present in myrtle berries are responsible for its beneficial health properties. In the present study, a new, microwave-assisted extraction for the analysis of both phenolic compounds and anthocyanins from myrtle pulp has been developed. Different extraction variables, including methanol composition, pH, temperature, and sample–solvent ratio were optimized by applying a Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology. Methanol composition and pH were the most influential variables for the total phenolic compounds (58.20% of the solvent in water at pH 2), and methanol composition and temperature for anthocyanins (50.4% of solvent at 50 °C). The methods developed showed high repeatability and intermediate precision (RSD < 5%). Both methods were applied to myrtle berries collected in two different areas of the province of Cadiz (Spain). Hierarchical clustering analysis results show that the concentration of bioactive compounds in myrtle is related to their geographical origin.

scholarly journals Comparison of Classical and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods on Antioxidant Activities of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds from Valeriana Officinalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Valeriana Officinalis ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Medicinal plants are good sources and rich of substances which having nutraceutical and health benefits. Valeriana officinalis L. (Valerianaceae) is a known medicinal plant used in traditional medicine worldwide. The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficiencies of three methods for evaluated for antioxidant from Valeriana officinalis. Besides, the impact of extraction methods on total phenollic and flavonoids contents and antioxidant activities of Valeriana root was investigated. The dried-root was extracted by three different methods including maceration, ultrasonic assisted, and Soxhlet assisted extraction. Antioxidant capacity was assessed using four different methods: DPPH and nitric oxide (NO) free radicals scavenging, reducing power and iron chelating activity. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also identified. The ultrasonic extract showed highest amount of total phenolics and flavonoids contents. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, the ultrasonic assisted extract, (IC50=0.546 μg/ ml) had a higher activity from other extracts. In reducing power assay, maceration extract showed the highest activity. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, IC50 for ultrasonic extract, soxhlet assisted extraction and maceration extract were 0.546, 0.816 and 0.678 μg/ml, respectively. Here, the maceratin extract showed the highest activity, too. The results clearly indicated the extraction methods used in this study significantly affected antioxidant capacities and total phenolic and flavonoids contents. Ultrasonic assisted extraction and Soxhlet methods were found to be more efficient in extraction of antioxidant components of valeriana.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION SEQUENTIAL MICROWAVE ULTRASONIC ASSISTED EXTRACTION TO EXTRACT POLYPHENOL FROM MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES USING MULTIRESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-451
Author(s):  
G. Restu Prinanda ◽  
◽  
Aji Prasetyaningrum ◽  
Wahyudi a ◽  
Dwi Purwati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction

Moringa leaves contain phenolic compounds and flavonoids which are useful as antioxidants. The disadvantages of traditional extraction methods, such as maceration, include a lengthy extraction process and the use of excessive solvent. Therefore, in this study, moringa leaf extraction was carried out using sequential microwave ultrasonic-assisted extraction (MUAE) to speed up the extraction time, and get more yields. This study aimed to improve the extraction of Moringa leaves with MUAE by adjusting the extraction time, temperature, and ethanol percentage. The conditions varied at extraction time (0, 10, 15, 20, 30 minutes), temperature (30, 40, 50, 60, 80 oC), and ethanol concentration (0, 30, 50, 70, 90%). The findings revealed that the best conditions for extraction Moringa leaves with sequential microwave-ultrasonic assisted extraction were at a time of 15 minutes, a temperature of 55oC, and an ethanol percentage of 54%. In this condition, the extract yield was 12.95%, total phenolic 330.38 GAE mg / 100 g, flavonoids in total 298.15 QE mg / 100 g, the IC50for antioxidant activity is 78.37 ppm.

Extraction and Quantification of Eugenol from Clove Buds Using HPLC

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Khadiza Fitri Shafira ◽  
Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Zubair Khalid Labu ◽  
Abul Bashar Mohammed Helal Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

Background: Eugenol is the main constituent of clove essential oil. Past studies have found that clove oil has diverse uses in the pharmaceutical field due to its antioxidant, antibacterial and anesthetic properties. Objective: This work compares the performance of different extraction methods and factors and identifies the effect of the treatments on oil yields and eugenol content. Materials and Methods: Maceration, Hydro distillation, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and Soxhlet were performed. The best technique was identified according to yield and content. Further studies were conducted to examine the effects of different factors, such as solvent types (ethanol and methanol) and sample-to-solvent ratio (1:10 and 1:15). HPLC UV-Vis was utilized in the analysis of eugenol concentration. Results and Discussion: Soxhlet extraction provided the highest yield (39.98%) and eugenol content (15.83%), compared to other methods. The results observed from several Soxhlet extraction factors showed that there is no significant difference between the different factors. In the meantime, methanol 1:15 provided the greatest amount of yields (57.83%) and eugenol content (22.21%). In this regard, the higher ratio resulted in higher eugenol content. Conclusion: The results obtained are less comparable because the processing time, the working solvent, and the separation technique were carried out differently for each method. In the meantime, as there is no past study that compared the selected methods and factors, this study’s findings will contribute substantially to fill the gap in this field.

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