scholarly journals Understanding and modifying the impact of parents' substance misuse on children

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Velleman ◽  
Lorna Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
The Impact

We outline the huge literature on the potentially negative impact on children of growing up with a parent who has an alcohol or drug problem, the risk factors that can exacerbate this effect, and resilience and the protective factors that can reduce it. Clear ways that practitioners can intervene to reduce risk and to increase resilience are discussed. All practitioners have a responsibility to work in holistic ways if damage to children and families is to be avoided, and we summarise the key common skills needed to work with individuals (children as well as adults) and families. The differences between a resilience and a deficit approach are outlined.

scholarly journals The impact of risk factors on the financial performance of the commercial banking sector in Barbados

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Wood ◽  
Shanise McConney
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Credit Risk ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Country Risk ◽  
Risk Variable ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this paper is to determine the impact of risk factors on the financial performance of the commercial banking sector in Barbados using quarterly data for the period 2000 to 2015. The empirical results indicate that Capital Risk, Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Operational Risk have statistically significant impacts on financial performance. The only risk variable which does not derive this result is Country Risk. In addition, of those variables which proxy external factors, only GDP Growth has a statistically insignificant influence on financial performance. Credit risk exerted a negative impact on the banks’ financial performance, thus the banks must ensure they adopt appropriate measures to minimise the impact of this risk. Higher levels of capital impacted positively on the banking sector’s profitability. This paper is the first effort employing such an extensive dataset based on Barbados’ commercial banking sector and shows the main factors that influence commercial banks’ financial performance in this developing economy.

Living with congenital or acquired cardiac disease in childhood: maternal perceptions of the impact on the child and family

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Wray ◽  
Linda Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Cardiac Malformation ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Maternal Perceptions ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Impact

Aims: Firstly to assess maternal perceptions of the impact of congenital or acquired cardiac disease on the child, parents, and siblings, and secondly to determine whether there were differences between different diagnostic groups, or between those with and without other health problems, with a view to informing the development of a cardiac liaison nursing service for children. Methods: A postal survey of 447 families of children with congenital or acquired cardiac disease. Results: Completed questionnaires were received from 209 (46.8 percent) families. The cardiac lesion was perceived to have a negative impact on many areas of family life for about one fifth of the sample, particularly in those families where the child was perceived to be more ill. Family relationships, however, were affected in a very different way, with 43 percent reporting that family members had become closer, and only 8 percent that they had been “pulled apart” by the condition of their child. There were a number of differences in the perceived impact of the cardiac malformation on school and family life between children with different diagnoses, with this being particularly evident for families of the patients who had undergone transplantation. When the sample was divided according to the presence or absence of other problems with health, however, many of these differences between the diagnostic groups disappeared. Conclusions: Irrespective of the severity of the disease, the presence of a cardiac malformation has an impact on everyday life for a significant number of children and families, particularly if associated with other problems with health. Implications for targeting resources to reduce morbidity in these children and families are discussed.

A Family Guide to Coping with Substance Use Disorders

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Daley ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Family Issues ◽  
The Family ◽  
Affected Person ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Impact

This guide was written for family members, significant others, and people concerned about their relatives or friends who have an alcohol or drug problem, which in this book is referred to as substance misuse or substance use disorder (SUD). Substance problems can take many shapes and forms and differ in their severity and impact. This family guide will discuss these problems and how to help the affected person and other family members (including children) who may have been harmed by a loved one’s substance problem. This guide can also help individuals with a substance use problem understand the impact of their SUDs on the family as well as what their family members can do to help themselves. Addressing family issues and making amends are key issues for people in recovery from SUDs.

Use of the concept of positive prevention in care and educational work in children’s homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 601 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jarosz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Positive Prevention ◽  
Children’S Homes ◽  
Children In Care ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article is to show the possibility of using the assumptions of positive prevention and the model of multidimensional positive prevention in care and education in children’s homes. The article draws attention to the impact which the quality of care and education has on whether the children’s transition to independent living outside the facility is successful. Taking into account the specific nature of risk factors occurring in the lives of children in care, the article proposes to modify the traditional understanding of the preventive function of a children’s home. The proposed modification consists in organizing care and education in a way which focuses not only on reducing risk factors, but also on seeking, supporting and most importantly developing protective factors in the life of every child in care, with particular attention to the process of acquiring life skills. Moreover, the article describes theoretical and empirical assumptions of the multidimensional positive prevention model. This model relies on a logotheoretical concept of existence and opens up new perspectives for care and education, drawing particular attention to the multidimensionality of existence and the significance of sense-making values in encouraging an individual to be active. In teaching practice, it comes down to creating prevention programmes which are based on supporting and developing protective factors in relation to all dimensions of the children’s existence (biological, social, subjective and noetical), it demonstrates the way of putting this model into pedagogical practice, presenting the structure of the prophylactic programme ,,Support for multidimensional development of youth”.

Impact of liquidity and solvency risk factors on variations in efficiency of US banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 883-895
Author(s):  
Kekoura Sakouvogui
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Basel Ii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper evaluates the importance of both liquidity and solvency risk factors on variations in efficiency measures of US commercial and domestic banks from 2005 to 2017.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is conducted using the true random effect stochastic cost model to examine the role of both liquidity and solvency risk factors. To this end, the author uses the exponential stochastic cost function and adds new variables, including bank size, crisis as an indicator of the financial crisis and the Dodd–Frank Act and Basel II Accord as regulatory dummies.FindingsThe results show that both liquidity and solvency risk factors positively affect the variance of cost inefficiency measures and thus have negative impact on the cost efficiency measures. In addition, banks increased the cost of financial intermediation during the financial crisis, whereas regulatory factors of Basel II Accord and Dodd–Frank Act play a crucial role in explaining the cost efficiency measures.Originality/valueThese results are the first to quantify the impact of both liquidity and solvency on the variations in cost efficiency measures.

scholarly journals Systematic Pan-Cancer Population-Based Analysis Reveals the Incidence and Prognosis of Lung Metastases at Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Liang ◽  
Yinan Cheng ◽  
Weijun Zhou ◽  
Jun Ni ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
The Impact

Background. Metastasis is one of the most prevalent causes of death in cancer patients and the lungs are among the organs most commonly affected by metastasis. However, analysis of the incidence and prognosis of lung metastasis (LM) based on primary cancer sites is lacking. Methods. We enrolled cancer patients with LM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The risk factors for LM were determined using multivariate logistics regression. Forest plots were used to compare the impact of with LM versus without LM alone among different primary caner site subgroups. Results. Among 1,525,441 cases, 47,537 presented with LM at initial diagnosis. Multivariate logistics regression revealed that male sex, older age, later T/N stage, unmarried status, and lack of insurance were risk factors for LM. The incidence of LM was 11.91% in bone cancer and 11.19% in pancreatic cancer. In terms of the distribution of primary cancers, 19.22% of LMs originated from the colon and rectum, with 11.63% from the kidneys. The median survival for LM cases was 6 months, with the best survival in testicular cancer (19 months) and bone cancer (12 months). Patients with LM had higher hazard ratio (HR) for mortality compared to those without LM, except for those with primary cancer in the brain ( P = 0.09 ). We stratified patients by primary cancer site, and subgroup analyses showed that LM had a significant negative impact on survival. The most significant was in thyroid cancer (HR = 44.79), followed by melanoma (HR = 24.26), prostate (HR = 16.0), breast (HR = 13.46), endometrial (HR = 12.64), testicular (HR = 12.31), and kidney (HR = 11.33) cancer (all P < 0.001 ). Conclusion. Patients presenting with LM had higher HR for mortality compared to those without LM, except for those with brain tumor. Clinicians should pay more attention to the occurrence of LM, especially in patients with a significantly increased HR for mortality, such as those with thyroid cancer, melanoma, and prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Pandemic and student mental health: A cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of mental health symptoms amongst university students and young adults after the first cycle of lockdown in the UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Tang ◽  
Katharine McEnery ◽  
Laura Chandler ◽  
Carla Toro ◽  
Lukasz Walasek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
University Students ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundEarly COVID-19 research suggests a detrimental impact of the initial lockdown on youngpeople’s mental health, but it is unclear whether the impact would persist.AimsWe investigated mental health symptoms amongst university students after the firstlockdown in the UK and changes in symptoms over 6 months. We examined risk factors forthese symptoms and whether they were shared by young people not in higher education.Method895 university students and 547 young people not in higher education completed an onlinesurvey at T1 (July-September 2020). A subset of 203 university students also completeda 6-month follow-up survey at T2 (January-March 2021). Mental health symptomsmeasured were anxiety, depression, insomnia, substance misuse, and suicide risk.ResultsAt T1, nearly 40% of the participants reported moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety anddepression and risk of substance misuse; a quarter reported insomnia and clinicallysignificant suicidal risk. A reduction in anxiety, depression and insomnia was observed inparticipants reassessed at T2, but not in substance misuse and suicidality.Cross-sectionally, greater symptoms across measures were consistently associated withgender (female or other), sleep irregularity, and a worse-off financial status. Longitudinally,the most consistent risk factors for T2 symptoms were having previously diagnosed mentalhealth problems and having difficulty sleeping since the first lockdown.ConclusionsMental health symptoms were prevalent in a large proportion of young people after the firstlockdown. Risk factors identified may help characterise high-risk groups for enhancedsupport and inform interventions in both university and non-university settings.

When Grandparents Move In

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Smith ◽  
Kelly Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Attitudes Toward Older Adults ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This paper explores the impact of growing up with an older adult in the home on one’s attitudes toward older adults. We surveyed 309 participants for their opinions on older adults, whether they grew up living with an older adult, and whether the older adult they lived with was ill. Those who grew up with an older adult had significantly lower opinions of the elderly but had less anxiety around their own aging process. This negative impact of contact seemed especially pronounced if the older adult was ill. Results indicate that although contact in and of itself can have a positive benefit on opinions toward the elderly, the nature of the relationship impacts the effectiveness of the contact.

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