Use of the concept of positive prevention in care and educational work in children’s homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 601 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jarosz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Positive Prevention ◽  
Children’S Homes ◽  
Children In Care ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article is to show the possibility of using the assumptions of positive prevention and the model of multidimensional positive prevention in care and education in children’s homes. The article draws attention to the impact which the quality of care and education has on whether the children’s transition to independent living outside the facility is successful. Taking into account the specific nature of risk factors occurring in the lives of children in care, the article proposes to modify the traditional understanding of the preventive function of a children’s home. The proposed modification consists in organizing care and education in a way which focuses not only on reducing risk factors, but also on seeking, supporting and most importantly developing protective factors in the life of every child in care, with particular attention to the process of acquiring life skills. Moreover, the article describes theoretical and empirical assumptions of the multidimensional positive prevention model. This model relies on a logotheoretical concept of existence and opens up new perspectives for care and education, drawing particular attention to the multidimensionality of existence and the significance of sense-making values in encouraging an individual to be active. In teaching practice, it comes down to creating prevention programmes which are based on supporting and developing protective factors in relation to all dimensions of the children’s existence (biological, social, subjective and noetical), it demonstrates the way of putting this model into pedagogical practice, presenting the structure of the prophylactic programme ,,Support for multidimensional development of youth”.

scholarly journals Understanding and modifying the impact of parents' substance misuse on children

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Velleman ◽  
Lorna Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
The Impact

We outline the huge literature on the potentially negative impact on children of growing up with a parent who has an alcohol or drug problem, the risk factors that can exacerbate this effect, and resilience and the protective factors that can reduce it. Clear ways that practitioners can intervene to reduce risk and to increase resilience are discussed. All practitioners have a responsibility to work in holistic ways if damage to children and families is to be avoided, and we summarise the key common skills needed to work with individuals (children as well as adults) and families. The differences between a resilience and a deficit approach are outlined.

scholarly journals Incidencia de la profesionalización docente en las prácticas pedagógicas de los maestros de la Institución Educativa Acevedo y Gómez y C.E. El Carmelo del municipio de Puerto Rico Caquetá. Incidence of teacher professionalization in teaching practices of teachers of School Acevedo and Gómez and C.E. Carmel municipality of Puerto Rico Caqueta. Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Emilce Heredia ◽  
Ederney Ortìz ◽  
Yoli Patricia Ovalle
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Impact

El presente trabajo aborda el tema de la incidencia de la profesionalización docente en las prácticas pedagógicas de los maestros.   Para tal fin, se toma como punto de partida el análisis del significado e intención, que los maestros asignan al objeto de estudio. El objetivo planteado para este es determinar la incidencia de la profesionalización docente en las prácticas pedagógicas a partir de su caracterización. Teniendo en cuenta su relación con la formación pedagógica de los docentes en diferentes niveles de enseñanza de dos instituciones educativas ubicadas en el municipio de Puerto Rico Caquetá.  Los autores optaron por la investigación cualitativa con enfoque hermenéutico, mediante la utilización de entrevistas. Las unidades de trabajo son los maestros participantes; en cuanto a la unidad documental se trabajó con las hojas de vida de los sujetos involucrados de las dos instituciones. Las definiciones permitieron crear algunas circunspecciones que sirvieron de apoyo para reflexiones finales, en aras de contribuir a la construcción de nuevos saberes, para  favorecer el ejercicio de la práctica pedagógica de los docentes,  a través   de una práctica docente cuya intención sea la de  generar estrategias que ayuden a la  formación académica y personal de los estudiantes . Donde la práctica pedagógica es entendida como el conjunto de estrategias utilizadas por el docente en el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje que de acuerdo a la forma en que es enfocada repercute en el desarrollo de las dimensiones del ser humano.This paper addresses the issue of the impact of professionalization of the teaching profession in pedagogical practices of teachers.  For this purpose, it is token as a starting point the analysis of the meaning intention that teachers assign the object of study. The stated goal for this is to determine the incidence to from its characterizations. To taking into account its relationship with the integral formation of teachers at different levels of formation of two educational institutions in Puerto Rico Caquetá. The authors chose the qualitative research with hermeneutic approach through the use of interviews. Work units are the teachers participating in structured interviews and documentary about the working unit with the resumes of those involved in the two institutions. Definitions helped create some circumspections that supported end reflections, in order to contribute to construction of new knowledge, to promote the exercise of pedagogical practice of teachers for the sake of teaching practice whose intention is to develop strategies that help the integral formation of students. Where teaching practice is understood as the set of strategies used by the teacher in the teaching-learning process that according to the way it is focused impact on the development of human dimensions.

Resilience in Educational Settings: An Afrocentric Assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelva Paulse Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structural Influence

Resilience is the ability to adapt and thrive despite facing adversity. There are various ontological approaches to conceptualizing resilience, including the pathological perspective, defining it in terms of protective factors, and exploring the impact of intervention in the manifestation of resilience. The pathological perspective defines resilience in terms of risk factors located at the individual level. A second area of research on resilience defines it in terms of protective factors that may contribute to its manifestation. The final area of research takes into account not only individual-level risk or protective factors, but also accounts for structural influence in an assessment of resilience. As an example of the interaction between individual and structural factors, Caleon and King proposed the concept of Subjective School Resilience. This perspective on resilience suggests it is a malleable construct and influenced by factors relating to both intra- and interpersonal processes.

ANOSMIA AFTER ANEURYSMAL SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE

Neurosurgery ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 918-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke J.H. Wermer ◽  
Maarten Donswijk ◽  
Paut Greebe ◽  
Bon H. Verweij ◽  
Gabriël J.E. Rinkel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract OBJECTIVE Anosmia has an important impact on well-being but is often neglected by physicians. In patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), anosmia has mainly been reported after surgery for aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. We studied the prevalence, predisposing factors (aneurysm site and type of treatment), impact, and prognosis of anosmia in patients with SAH. METHODS Of the patients with SAH who resumed independent living, we included all patients treated by coiling between 1997 and 2003 and a sample of patients treated by clipping between 1985 and 2001. Patients underwent structured interviews regarding the presence and duration of anosmia. The impact of anosmia was scored using a visual analog scale ranging from 0 (no influence) to 100 (the worst thing that ever happened to them). Risk factors for anosmia were assessed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, 89 of the 315 interviewed patients (28%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23–34%) reported anosmia after SAH (mean follow-up period, 7.4 yr), including 10 (15%) of the 67 coiled patients and 79 (32%) of the 248 clipped patients. The median visual analog scale impact score was 53 (range, 0–100). In 20 of the 89 patients (23%; 95% CI, 15–33), the symptoms had improved over time. Risk factors for anosmia were treatment by clipping (odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3–5.7) and anterior communicating artery aneurysms (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2–3.3). CONCLUSION Anosmia after SAH has a high prevalence, considerable impact, and poor prognosis. Its occurrence after coiling suggests not only damage to the olfactory nerve by clipping but also that the SAH itself plays a role in its pathogenesis.

Improving Social Norms and Actions to Prevent Sexual and Intimate Partner Violence: A Pilot Study of the Impact of Green Dot Community on Youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 263207702096657
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Banyard ◽  
Katie M. Edwards ◽  
Andrew J. Rizzo ◽  
Emily F. Rothman ◽  
Patricia Greenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Positive Prevention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Victimization Rates

Sexual violence (SV) and intimate partner violence (IPV), which often co-occur with bullying, are serious public health issues underscoring the need for primary prevention. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a community-building SV and IPV prevention program, Green Dot Community, on adolescents’ perceptions of community social norms and their propensity to intervene as helpful actionists using two independent data sources. Green Dot Community takes place in towns and aims to influence all town members to prevent SV and IPV by addressing protective factors (i.e., collective efficacy, positive prevention social norms, and bystander helping, or actionism). In the current study, one town received Green Dot Community (the prevention-enhanced town), and two towns received prevention as usual (i.e., awareness and fundraising events by local IPV and SV advocacy centers). The program was evaluated using a two-part method: (a) A cross-sectional sample of high school students from three rural communities provided assessment of protective factors at two time points (Time 1, n = 1,187; Time 2, n = 877) and (b) Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from the state Department of Health were gathered before and after program implementation (Time 1, n = 2,034; Time 2, n = 2,017) to assess victimization rates. Youth in the prevention-enhanced town reported higher collective efficacy and more positive social norms specific to helping in situations of SV and IPV over time but did not differ on bystander behaviors or on victimization rates. Community-based prevention initiatives may be helpful in changing community norms to prevent SV/IPV.

Perpetration of Dating Violence Among Belgian Youth: Impulsivity, Verbal Skills, and Empathy as Risk and Protective Factors?

2020 ◽  
pp. VV-D-19-00016
Author(s):  
Fabienne Glowacz ◽  
Audrey Courtain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Verbal Skills ◽  
The Impact

Dating violence (DV) is a serious social problem among adolescents and emerging adults, both boys and girls are victims and perpetrators. The current study aimed to investigate correlates of DV perpetration among Belgian youths. We examined facets of empathy and verbal skills as protective factors, and facets of impulsivity as risk factors for psychological and physical DV perpetration. Eight hundred and thirteen adolescents and emerging adults (71.7% females, mean age = 18.9) completed self-administered questionnaires investigating their physical and psychological DV perpetration, empathy, verbal skills, and impulsivity. Findings show that male and female respondents have different patterns of correlations between the studied variables. Facets of empathy and verbal skills hinder DV perpetration, whereas facets of impulsivity foster it. The impact of the different facets can vary across regression models, gender of the perpetrator, and forms of DV. The present study contributes to a better understanding of DV by examining facets of empathy, verbal skills, and impulsivity. Prevention programs are encouraged to target specific facets of these variables among adolescents and emerging adults.

scholarly journals PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE AS A LINK FOR CONNECTING THEORY AND PRACTICE IN TEACHING ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1905-1910
Author(s):  
Teuta Iljazi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Mathematic Teaching ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Mathematics as a subject has been taught since the early years of the education. Elementary school teachers take great responsibility to teach this difficult, abstract, but sometimes boring subject. Hypothetically privilege of understanding this subject is a certain number of students. Teachers not only need to be a professional of the subject, but at the same time they must be artists also. This requires much work, patience, determination, and much love for children and the profession. Students of the Pedagogy Faculty of University of Tetovo are getting prepared for teaching Mathematics in elementary schoolsfirst in the theoretical part and then in the practical part. Pedagogical practice is realized in elementary schools, observing Mathematic teaching by teachers with experience and realizations of Mathematics classes by students themselves. Mathematical observations enable students to benefit from the experience of other teachers. This observation develops students observation skills, develops communication skills with colleagues of the same profession. Observation also makes it possible for students to observe application in practice of knowledge in the pedagogical content. This research evaluates the impact of Mathematic teaching practice on Pedagogy Faculty students of Tetova University. Questionnaire collects data of 46 students. Results showes that PedagoyFacullty students benefited greatly from participating in Mathematics teaching practice because they were able to build proper confidence and competence in lesson preparation and developed skills and attitude of a teacher during the practice. It was also revealed that teaching practice helps students to learn how to participate in school activities. This study proves (Pearson coefficient) the hypothesis that students’ opinion is not depended by students general success and students’ Mathematics success. According the hypothesis Mathematics teaching practice benefits all students and it should be practiced without hesitation in the subject Didactics of Teaching Mathematics as well as in other subjects where didactic theories are studied.

Protective Factors Against Child Victimization in the School and Community: An Exploratory Systematic Review of Longitudinal Predictors and Interacting Variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Jackson ◽  
Shihning Chou ◽  
Kevin Browne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
School And Community ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact

Protective factors against the victimization of children and young people within the school and community environments (extrafamilial victimization) have received less attention than risk factors. To date, there has been no systematic review on protective factors. This systematic review therefore aimed to synthesize the prospective longitudinal research findings on the protective factors against extrafamilial victimization. A systematic search of multiple sources led to the identification of 19,053 studies. Following application of a predefined inclusion and quality assessment criteria, 13 studies exploring protective factors against peer victimization and exposure to violence were included in this review. Across these studies, 19 protective factors were explored: 9 individual factors and 10 contextual factors. Four studies also explored the impact of mediating and moderating variables on the relationship between predictors and extrafamilial victimization. Findings highlight inconsistencies in the definition and measurement of victimization, along with bias in a number of areas. Nevertheless, a small number of variables (perceptions of social competence, physical strength, and aggression) were identified as potential protective factors against extrafamilial victimization. Additionally, mediating and moderating variables were identified, and the interaction between individual and contextual protective and risk factors were highlighted. These findings are explored under the theoretical framework of the ecological systems theory and their practical and research-based implications are discussed.

A Model for Analyzing Suicide Prevention

Crisis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maila Upanne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Prevention Project ◽  
Individual Risk Factors

This study monitored the evolution of psychologists' (n = 31) conceptions of suicide prevention over the 9-year course of the National Suicide Prevention Project in Finland and assessed the feasibility of the theoretical model for analyzing suicide prevention developed in earlier studies [ Upanne, 1999a , b ]. The study was formulated as a retrospective self-assessment where participants compared their earlier descriptions of suicide prevention with their current views. The changes in conceptions were analyzed and interpreted using both the model and the explanations given by the subjects themselves. The analysis proved the model to be a useful framework for revealing the essential features of prevention. The results showed that the freely-formulated ideas on prevention were more comprehensive than those evolved in practical work. Compared to the earlier findings, the conceptions among the group had shifted toward emphasizing a curative approach and the significance of individual risk factors. In particular, greater priority was focused on the acute suicide risk phase as a preventive target. Nonetheless, the overall structure of prevention ideology remained comprehensive and multifactorial, stressing multistage influencing. Promotive aims (protective factors) also remained part of the prevention paradigm. Practical working experiences enhanced the psychologists' sense of the difficulties of suicide prevention as well as their criticism and feeling of powerlessness.

Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

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