Depersonalisation disorder: clinical features of 204 cases

BackgroundDepersonalisation disorder is a poorly understood and underresearched syndrome.AimsTo carry out a large and comprehensive clinical and psychopathological survey of a series of patients who made contact with a research clinic.MethodA total of 204 consecutive eligible referrals were included: 124 had a full psychiatric examination using items of the Present State Examination to define depersonalisation/derealisation and 80 had either a telephone interview (n=22) or filled out a number of self-report questionnaires. Cases assessed were diagnosed according to DSM–IV criteria.ResultsThe mean age of onset was 22.8 years; early onset was associated with greater severity There was a slight male preponderance. The disorder tended to be chronic and persistent. Seventy-one per cent met DSM–IV criteria for primary depersonalisation disorder. Depersonalisation symptom scores correlated with both anxiety and depression and a past history of these disorders was commonly reported. ‘Dissociative amnesia’ was not prominent.ConclusionsDepersonalisation disorder is a recognisable clinical entity but appears to have significant comorbidity with anxiety and depression. Research into its aetiology and treatment is warranted.

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Quality of parenting and vulnerability to depression: results from a family study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291797006016 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 185-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

C. DUGGAN ◽

P. SHAM ◽

C. MINNE ◽

A. LEE ◽

R. MURRAY

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Family Study ◽

Past History ◽

Familial Risk ◽

Self Report ◽

History Of ◽

Quality Of Parenting ◽

Independent Effects ◽

The Relationship ◽

History Of Depression

Background. We examined a group of subjects at familial risk of depression and explored the relationship between the perceptions of parents and a history of depression. We also investigated: (a) whether any difference in perceived parenting found between those with and without a past history of depression was an artefact of the depression; and (b) whether the relationship between parenting and depression was explained by neuroticism.Method. We took a sample of first-degree relatives selected from a family study in depression and subdivided them by their history of mental illness on the SADS-L, into those: (a) without a history of mental illness (N=43); and (b) those who had fully recovered from an episode of RDC major depression (N=34). We compared the perceptions of parenting, as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), in these two groups having adjusted for the effect of neuroticism and subsyndromal depressive symptoms. We also had informants report on parenting of their siblings, the latter being subdivided into those with and without a past history of depression.Results. Relatives with a past history of depression showed lower care scores for both mother and father combined compared with the never ill relatives. The presence of a history of depression was associated with a non-significant reduction in the self-report care scores compared to the siblings report. Vulnerable personality (as measured by high neuroticism) and low perceived care were both found to exert independent effects in discriminating between the scores of relatives with and without a history of depression and there was no interaction between them.Conclusion. This study confirmed that low perceived parental care was associated with a past history of depression, that it was not entirely an artefact of having been depressed, and suggested that this association was partially independent of neuroticism.

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Comparison of Efficacy of Refrigerated Oxytocin with Oxytocin Kept at Room Temperature for the Prevention of Post-Partum Haemorrhage in Vaginal Deliveries in a Tertiary Care Setting

Open Access Journal of Gynecology ◽

10.23880/oajg-16000207 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pandey U

Keyword(s):

Blood Loss ◽

Low Income ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽

Past History ◽

Post Partum ◽

Cold Chain ◽

Vaginal Deliveries ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Postpartum haemorrhage is one of the leading causes of maternal death worldwide and it accounts for nearly one-quarter of all maternal deaths and almost half of all postpartum deaths in low-income countries. Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the most common form of major obstetric haemorrhage. Materials and Methods: The study protocol was comprised of Consent, Measurement of Pre-delivery Hemoglobin, Administration of the Intervention, Measurement of postpartum blood loss and Measurement of Post-delivery (24-48 hours) Hemoglobin. Blood loss was measured using a calibrated drape. The drape was placed beneath the parturient buttocks and secured around her abdomen with ties. Blood loss was monitored for a minimum of one hour and was continued in the second hour in case of persistent bleeding. The drape with the collected blood was weighed on a scale. The weight of the drape and the container in which it is placed was deducted from the total recorded weight in order to obtain the weight of the blood collected in the drape. Blood loss weight in grams was converted to milliliters by dividing the figure in grams by 1.06 (blood density in grams per milliliter). Results: The cross tabulations were used to study the demographic, obstetrical and medical factors in women with obstetrical haemorrhage. Table 1 shows the selected sociodemographic characteristics of the study population. The mean age of cases and controls are 26.333.559 and 26.853.873 respectively. On comparison, they are statistically insignificant. (p=0.324). The educational, occupational and socioeconomic status was comparable between cases and controls (p >0.05). Table 2 shows Antenatal, intra-partum and post-partum data in cases and controls. Discussion & Conclusion: It is a study done in North India comparing the Oxytocin kept at room temperature with failure of maintenance of cold chain during transport and storage and the refrigerated Oxytocin. It is the common understanding and general training that Oxytocin must be stored in the refrigerator, failing which its efficacy reduces i.e. it, will not be effective in controlling PPH. During the study we compared the mean blood loss and change in hemoglobin levels in cases and control and despite the fact that major risk factor for PPH for example past history of PPH, past history of D&C, prolonged third stage labour duration, manual removal of placenta were comparable in both cases and controls, still the mean blood loss and change in hemoglobin values was more in cases than controls. This could be attributed to usage of market oxytocin which had failed cold chain maintenance resulted in less effective oxytocin in prevention of PPH, Hence causing more blood loss and drop in hemoglobin values. This shows the need of room temperature stable uterotonic drug in LMIC’s like ours. Recently room temperature stable carbetocin shows the potential as an effective uterotonic drug for the prevention of PPH. However according to various studies carbetocin cannot be used for induction or augmentation of labour so it cannot replace oxytocin fully, rather it acts as a part of collective PPH reduction strategy.

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Clinical, epidemiological and autoimmune associations in childhood vitiligo in Qatar

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20200594 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Haya Al Mannai ◽

Mohamed Allam ◽

Hassan Riad

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Autoimmune Diseases ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Base Line ◽

Adult Onset ◽

Prognostic Features ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean

Background: Childhood vitiligo although clinically similar to adult onset vitiligo but it has distinct clinical, epidemiological and prognostic features compared to adult onset vitiligo.Methods: This is a retrospective study that was carried out on 85 pediatric patients up to age of 18 years old with the diagnosis of vitiligo, where the clinical and epidemiological data including clinical type of vitiligo, family history of autoimmune diseases like thyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus and laboratory results including anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies), anti-parietal cell antibodies, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), Vitamin D and Vitamin B12 were retrieved from the files of these patients.Results: The mean age of the children affected by vitiligo was 10.4 years, the mean age of onset of vitiligo was 5.4 years, 54 (63.5%) percent were girls and 31 (36.5%) were boys. A positive family history of vitiligo was found in 44.7% of the participants, family history of DM was found in 64.7% of patients and family history of thyroid disease was found in 32.9% of the participants. The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity was found to be in 22.4% of total participants.Conclusions: Childhood vitiligo has distinct clinical features, more common family history for autoimmune diseases and thyroid autoantibodies rather than overt clinical diseases, which raise the necessity to perform a routine initial immunological and thyroid screening in children with vitiligo and to repeat them at annual bases if there were abnormal values at base line or strong family history.

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Epidemiology and associated factors of atopic dermatitis in Malagasy children

Allergy Asthma & Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1186/s13223-019-0398-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. A. Sendrasoa ◽

I. M. Ranaivo ◽

N. H. Razanakoto ◽

M. Andrianarison ◽

O. Raharolahy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Low Income ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

Urban And Rural Areas ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background Little is known about the epidemiology and associated factors of childhood AD in the markedly different, low-income, tropical environment like Madagascar. Methods We aim to assess the epidemiology and associated factors of AD in individuals fewer than 15 years of age in Antananarivo Madagascar. It was a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 7 years (2010 to 2016) in children 6 months to 14 years in the Department of Dermatology, Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Antananarivo Madagascar. The diagnosis of AD was based on clinical data. Results The prevalence of AD was 5.6% in children aged 6 months to 14 years. The details of 151 cases of atopic dermatitis were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 4 years. There was a female preponderance (sex ratio: 0.7). A family history of AD was noted in 56 cases (37%). No association between breast-feeding and AD was found. The age of onset of AD was before the age of 3 months in 7.5% and between 6 months to 5 years in 70%. Children born in March (dry season) had the highest risk of AD. Consultations for AD increased during the winter (from July to October; p = 0.005). However, the prevalence of AD was similar in urban and rural areas. Conclusion Weather may have an impact on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Madagascar. No significant correlation was found between the duration of breastfeeding and AD, as well as urbanization.

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A Family with Multiple Instances of Definite, Probable and Possible Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.159.4.524 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 159 (4) ◽

pp. 524-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H. Karlinsky ◽

E. Madrick ◽

J. Ridgley ◽

J. M. Berg ◽

R. Becker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Early Onset ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Diagnostic Difficulties ◽

History Of ◽

Early Onset Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

The Mean ◽

Age Of Death

A family with a multigenerational history of proven or suspected early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) consistent with autosomal-dominant inheritance is described. To date, the pedigree comprises five generations in which there are 13 known affected individuals. The mean age of onset of cognitive deficits in those for whom data are available (n = 11) is 47.6 (s.d. 3.0) years and the mean age of death (n = 10) is 58.8 (s.d. 4.0) years. The variability in the extent and quality of available data illustrates the diagnostic difficulties encountered in ascertaining such an extended pedigree, and the need for caution in interpreting the evidence.

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Predictors of Depression 12 Months after Cardiac Hospitalization: The Identifying Depression as a Comorbid Condition Study

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01927.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (11-12) ◽

pp. 1025-1030 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Geoff Schrader ◽

Frida Cheok ◽

Ann-Louise Hordacre ◽

Julie Marker

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Past History ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Self Report ◽

Comorbid Condition ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Mild Depression ◽

History Of

Objective: To determine characteristics which predict depression at 12 months after cardiac hospitalization, and track the natural history of depression. Method: Depressive symptoms were monitored at baseline, 3 and 12 months in a cohort of 785 patients, using the self-report Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multinomial regression analyses of baseline clinical and demographic variables identified characteristics associated with depression at 12 months. Results: Three baseline variables predicted moderate to severe depression at 12 months: depression during index admission, past history of emotional health problems and current smoking. For those who were depressed during cardiac hospitalization, 51% remained depressed at both 3 and 12 months. Persistence was more evident in patients who had moderate to severe depressive symptoms when hospitalized. Mild depression was as likely to persist as to remit. Conclusions: Three clinically accessible characteristics at the time of cardiac hospitalization can assist in predicting depression at 12 months and may aid treatment decisions. Depressive symptoms persist in a substantial proportion of cardiac patients up to 12 months after hospitalization.

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The assessment of dysfunctional attitudes and their role in the onset, persistence and recurrence of clinical depression

European Journal of Personality ◽

10.1002/per.2410090507 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 379-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Francis C. Charlton ◽

Mick J. Power

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Past History ◽

Cognitive Model ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽

Self Report ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Depression

Dysfunctional attitudes have been proposed as an important vulnerability factor in the cognitive model of depression. Yet it has often proved difficult to demonstrate their existence in non‐symptomatic populations. We examine the ways in which dysfunctional attitudes have been conceptualized and assessed, from self‐report methods to information‐processing tasks. A s dysfunctional attitudes are typically viewed as latent in non‐symptomatic groups, the importance of priming or activating such variables is emphasized, together with recommendations as to how this may best be achieved. Comparative studies of depressed, control, and at‐risk groups are then considered, together with longitudinal studies that have directly testedpredictions of the cognitive model. Prospective studies of non‐depressed, non‐clinical samples have so far had mixed results in demonstrating that dysfunctional attitudes precede depression or that specific attitudes interact with congruent events in the way the model predicts, although more consistent results emerge from clinical samples with a past history of depression. Possible reasons for the variability in findings are presented, together with suggestions for further research and a revised cognitive model of depression.

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Authorship characteristics of retracted COVID-19 articles

ABCS Health Sciences ◽

10.7322/abcshs.2021207.1924 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rafaela Carolina da Silva ◽

Hadiseh Heidari ◽

Amanda Mendes da Silva

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Past History ◽

H Index ◽

History Of ◽

Research Findings ◽

The Mean ◽

Number Of Authors

Following the explosion of publications about COVID-19, some of these articles were retracted. These articles are potentially dangerous to public health as they can mislead about the nature of the virus. The growth and sensitive nature of retracted papers led to bibliometrics studies on them, although few, which focused more on the level of documents. This study, instead, examines the characteristics of the authors of these articles. 54 retracted COVID-19 articles that fit our study’s criteria were identified. The results revealed that 32% of these authors were MD, and about one-fifth of them had a past history of publishing retracted articles. The average number of authors per article was 6. Also, according to their profile in the Scopus, the mean number of documents, citations and their H-index were 61, 3159 and 12, respectively. Women also appeared in one-third of the articles as first and last authors. Continued research about retracted COVID-19 articles can continue to help prevent the further dissemination of questionable research findings.

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Effect of substance misuse in early psychosis

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/s0007125000297791 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 172 (S33) ◽

pp. 134-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Jean Addington ◽

Donald Addington

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Substance Use ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Substance Misuse ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Past History ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

First Episode ◽

History Of

Background Studies examining the temporal relationship between substance use and the onset of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia are inconclusive.Method Three groups of out-patients with schizophrenia were compared on onset of illness, symptoms and quality of life. Fifty-one subjects had no past or present history of substance misuse, 29 subjects had a history of past substance misuse occurring around the onset of their illness, and 33 subjects were currently misusing substances.Results Current substance misusers had poorer quality of life scores and less negative symptoms than the non-users. Those who had a past history of substance misuse had a significantly earlier age of onset than those with no substance use.Conclusions Attention should be paid to substance misuse present at the first episode. Treatment for schizophrenia should begin even though a diagnosis of drug-induced psychosis cannot be ruled out.

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MANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY HYPERADOSTERONISM : DON'T WAIT UNTIL IT'S TOO LATE

10.36106/ijar/3513830 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20-22

Author(s):

Fatima- Zahra Rhmari Tlemcani ◽

Imane Motaib ◽

Saloua Elamari ◽

Soukaina Laidi ◽

Rabii Redouane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Primary Hyperaldosteronism ◽

Endocrine Surgery ◽

Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽

French Society ◽

History Of ◽

The Mean ◽

Young Subjects ◽

Grade 3

Introduction: Arterial hypertension by primary hyperaldosteronism is the most frequent cause of endocrine hypertension. It is responsible for 10% of endocrine arterial hypertension. In our context, there is a delay in the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism because it is under traked and also because of the high cost of check-ups. The aim of our study is to highlight the challenges in the management of these patients. This observational study i Material And Method: ncludes patients admitted at the department of endocrinology of Sheikh Khalifa Ibn Zayd universitary hospital for primary aldosteronism between January 2019 and January 2021. Primary hyperaldosteronism was dened according to the Consensus on Primary Hyperaldosteronism of The French Society of Endocrinology (SFE), in collaboration with the French Society of Hypertension (SFHTA) and the French Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE). For all patients, we collected demographic characteristics, familial history of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, patient's history of hypertension and its complications. We performed biological assessments and imaging investigations. We included 10 patients .The mean age of patients Results: was 42.5 years (+/-12.06). 7/10 of patients was males. We found a family history of hypertension in 7/10 of the cases . The mean age of onset of arterial hypertension was 36.4 years (+/-7,87) . Grade 3-hypertension was found in 4/10 of the cases. Hypokalemia was found in 6/10 of the cases. The etiological investigation found bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in 4/10 of the cases. Among them 5/10 have performed catheterization of the adrenal veins, which revealed lateralization of aldosterone secretion. Conn's adenoma was found in 4/10 of the cases and unilateral adrenal hyperplasia in 2/10 of the cases. Our study illustrate the value of screening for Conclusion: primary hyperaldosteronism in young subjects with severe hypertension associated with hypokalemia and also given the curable and reversible nature of hypertension.

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