scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and survival among older adults with dementia and depression

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoling Chen ◽  
Zhi Hu ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Kenneth Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPeople from lower socioeconomic groups have a higher risk of mortality. The impact of low socioeconomic status on survival among older adults with dementia and depression remains unclear.AimsTo investigate the association between socioeconomic status and mortality in people with dementia and late-life depression in China.MethodUsing Geriatric Mental Status – Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy (GMS-AGECAT) we interviewed 2978 people aged ⩾60 years in Anhui, China. We characterised baseline socioeconomic status and risk factors and diagnosed 223 people with dementia and 128 with depression. All-cause mortality was followed up over 5.6 years.ResultsIndividuals with dementia living in rural areas had a three times greater risk of mortality (multivariate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.96, 95% CI 1.45–6.04) than those in urban areas, and for those with depression the HR was 4.15 (95% CI 1.59–10.83). There were similar mortality rates when comparing people with dementia with lowv.high levels of education, occupation and income, but individuals with depression with lowv.high levels had non-significant increases in mortality of 11%, 50% and 55% respectively.ConclusionsOlder adults with dementia and depression living in rural China had a significantly higher risk of mortality than urban counterparts. Interventions should be implemented in rural areas to tackle survival inequality in dementia and depression.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHICS AND MAJOR INDICATIONS FOR THE WARFARIN USE, THE COMPLIANCE RATE AND THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING IN NON-ADHERENCE AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARDIAC CENTER OF PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Suppl-4) ◽  
pp. S887-91
Author(s):  
Muhammad Talha Bin Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Mujtaba Ali Siddiqui ◽  
Hamid Sharif Khan ◽  
Mohsin Saif ◽  
Shabana Kousar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Warfarin Therapy ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiac Center

Objective: To assess the impact of a dedicated hospital based warfarin clinic assessing patients’ knowledge and improving the drug compliance in a tertiary cardiac center of Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology from Jan 2019 to Jul 2019. Methodology: Patients presenting in the anticoagulation clinic using warfarin for different cardiovascular indications from Jan to Jul 2019 were included in the study. Patients were assessed for their underlying cardiovascular condition, their international normalized ratio levels checked using a standard technique. The patients’ knowledge about the drug and the degree of compliance was judged by eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). The patients were thoroughly counseled and reassessed six months later assessing the improvement in compliance with the warfarin therapy. Results: Total number of 401 patients using warfarin for different cardiovascular diseases were studied. The mean age was 43.3 ± 13.3 years with 218 (54.5%) patients being male. Most of the patient 300 (75%) belonged to the low socio-economic group with average monthly income of <PKR 10,000/$65. In addition, 61.4% of the patients belonged to the rural set up. Mechanical valve replacement made the bulk of the indication for warfarin therapy with 44.7% of patients with mechanical mitral valve, 14% with mechanical double valve and 13% with mechanical aortic valve replacement. 13.7% of the patients on warfarin therapy had atrial fibrillation while 6.9% either had venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism. The compliance was good in 76.1% on baseline visit which increased to 86.7% on the first visit at six-month interval. Residence in rural areas and low socioeconomic status were the two factors contributing to poorer compliance which improved on the first visit. Conclusion: Low socioeconomic status and residents of rural areas were resulting in comparatively poorer compliance with warfarin therapy which improved by educating such patients in specific warfarin clinic.

scholarly journals Impact of Individual and Neighborhood dimensions of Socioeconomic Status on the Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment over Seven-Year Follow-Up

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Fernández-Blázquez ◽  
Bárbara Noriega-Ruiz ◽  
Marina Ávila-Villanueva ◽  
Meritxell Valentí-Soler ◽  
Belén Frades-Payo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

IMPORTANCE: There is strong evidence about the association between low socioeconomic status (SES) and higher risk of dementia. However, it has not been conveniently addressed so far the role of SES on the incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) which is considered a prodromal stage of latter dementia.OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of individual and neighborhood dimensions of SES, as well as their interaction, on the risk of developing MCI in a sample of older adults that were followed-up for seven years.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from the Vallecas Project cohort, an ongoing community-based longitudinal study for early detection of cognitive impairment and dementia, were used to build two indices of SES namely individual and neighborhood, as well as a global SES as a combination of both, and to investigate their effects on MCI conversion by means of a multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Based on data referred to as individual-level (one´s educational attainment, occupation, parent´s level of education) and neighborhood-level (district´s income, unemployment rate, housing price, percentage of people with no formal qualifications, with higher education, and with white-collar employs) different composite measures of SES were built and quartiles were considered for further analyses. MCI diagnoses were agreed between neurologists and neuropsychologists at consensus meetings.RESULTS: 1180 participants aged 70 years and older were enrolled in this study (mean age at baseline, 74.9 years; 63.5% females). Of these, 199 cases of MCI (16.9%) were diagnosed at any point of the follow-up. The individual and neighborhood dimensions of SES played different roles in the dynamics of the MCI occurrence through ageing. Most importantly, the risk of developing MCI was almost double for lower SES quartiles when compared to the highest one.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The incidence of MCI in older adults was related to both individual characteristics and socioeconomic context. Public health strategies should be holistic and focus not only on promoting the classical individual preventive measures, but also on reducing social inequalities as a means of fostering healthy ageing and reducing dementia burden.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Covid-19 Epidemic on Older Adults in Rural and Urban Areas in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez ◽  
Nasim B Ferdows ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Mexico is among the countries in Latin America hit hardest by COVID-19. A large proportion of older adults in Mexico have high prevalence of multimorbidity and live in poverty with limited access to health care services. These statistics are even higher among adults living in rural areas, which suggests that older adults in rural communities may be more susceptible to COVID-19. The objectives of the article were to compare clinical and demographic characteristics for people diagnosed with COVID-19 by age group, and to describe cases and mortality in rural and urban communities. Methods We linked publicly available from the Mexican Ministry of Health and the Census. Municipalities were classified based on population as rural (&lt;2500), semi-rural (≥ 2,500 and &lt;15,000), semi-urban (≥15,000 and &lt;100,000) and urban (≥100,000). Zero-inflated negative binomial models were performed to calculate the total number of COVID-19 cases, and deaths per 1,000,000 persons using the population of each municipality as a denominator. Results Older adults were more likely to be hospitalized and reported severe cases, with higher mortality rates. In addition, rural municipalities reported a higher number of COVID-19 cases and mortality related to COVID-19 per million than urban municipalities. The adjusted absolute difference in COVID-19 cases was 912.7 per million (95% Confidence Interval (CI),79.0 – 1746.4) and mortality related to COVID-19 was 390.6 per million (95% CI, 204.5 – 576.7). Discussion Urgent policy efforts are needed to mandate the use of face masks and encourage handwashing, and improve specialty care for Mexicans in rural areas.

scholarly journals Association between depressive symptoms and objective/subjective socioeconomic status among older adults of two regions in Myanmar

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245489
Author(s):  
Yuri Sasaki ◽  
Yugo Shobugawa ◽  
Ikuma Nozaki ◽  
Daisuke Takagi ◽  
Yuiko Nagamine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Subjective Ses

Low objective socioeconomic status (SES) has been correlated with poor physical and mental health among older adults. Some studies suggest that subjective SES is also important for ensuring sound physical and mental health among older adults. However, few studies have been conducted on the impact of both objective and subjective SES on mental health among older adults. This study examines whether objective or subjective SES is associated with depressive symptoms in older adults in Myanmar. This cross-sectional study, conducted between September and December, 2018, used a multistage sampling method to recruit participants from two regions of Myanmar, for face-to-face interviews. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms. Participants were classified as having no depressive symptom (GDS score <5) and having depressive symptoms (GDS score ≥5). Objective and subjective SES were assessed using the wealth index and asking participants a multiple-choice question about their current financial situation, respectively. The relationship between objective/subjective SES and depressive symptoms was examined using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. The mean age of the 1,186 participants aged 60 years and above was 69.7 (SD: 7.3), and 706 (59.5%) were female. Among them, 265 (22.3%) had depressive symptoms. After adjusting for objective SES and other covariates, only low subjective SES was positively associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 4.18, 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.98–5.87). This association was stronger among participants in the rural areas (urban areas, AOR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.08–4.05; rural areas, AOR: 5.65, 95% CI: 3.69–8.64). Subjective SES has a stronger association with depressive symptoms than objective SES, among older adults of the two regions in Myanmar, especially in the rural areas. Interventions for depression in older adults should consider regional differences in the context of subjective SES by reducing socioeconomic disparities among the communities.

Impact of Elected Women Representatives of Panchayati Raj in Physical and Financial and Business Assets Development of Rural Women: A Study among the Rural Women’s of Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu[1]

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalaichelvi Sivaraman ◽  
Rengasamy Stalin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Panchayati Raj

This research paper is the part of Research Project entitled “Impact of Elected Women Representatives in the Life and Livelihood of the Women in Rural Areas: With Special Reference to Tiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu” funded by University of Madras under UGC-UPE Scheme.The 73rd and 74th amendments of the Constitution of India were made by the government to strengthen the position of women and to create a local-level legal foundation for direct democracy for women in both rural and urban areas. The representation for women in local bodies through reservation policies amendment in Constitution of India has stimulated the political participation of women in rural areas. However, when it’s comes to the argument of whether the women reservation in Panchayati Raj helps or benefits to the life and livelihood development of women as a group? The answer is hypothetical because the studies related to the impact of women representatives of Panchayati Raj in the life and livelihood development of women was very less. Therefore, to fill the gap in existing literature, the present study was conducted among the rural women of Tiruvannamalai district to assess the impact of elected women representatives in the physical and financial and business development of the women in rural areas. The findings revealed that during the last five years because of the women representation in their village Panjayati Raj, the Physical Asset of the rural women were increased or developed moderately (55.8%) and Highly (23.4%) and the Financial and Business Asset of the rural women were increased or developed moderately (60.4%) and Highly (18.7%).

scholarly journals Rural–Urban Differences in the Factors Affecting Depressive Symptoms among Older Adults of Two Regions in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2818
Author(s):  
Yuri Sasaki ◽  
Yugo Shobugawa ◽  
Ikuma Nozaki ◽  
Daisuke Takagi ◽  
Yuiko Nagamine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle School Level

The aim of the study was to investigate rural–urban differences in depressive symptoms in terms of the risk factors among older adults of two regions in Myanmar to provide appropriate intervention for depression depending on local characteristics. This cross-sectional study, conducted between September and December, 2018, used a multistage sampling method to recruit participants from the two regions, for face-to-face interviews. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Depressive symptoms were positively associated with living in rural areas (B = 0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12,0.72), female (B = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31,0.79), illness during the preceding year (B = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.45,0.91) and non-Buddhist religion (B = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.001,1.15) and protectively associated with education to middle school level or higher (B = −0.61; 95% CI: −0.94, −0.28) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.30, −0.10). In women in urban areas, depressive symptoms were positively associated with illness during the preceding year (B = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.20) and protectively associated with education to middle school level or higher (B = −0.67; 95% CI: −1.23, −0.11), middle or high wealth index (B = −0.92; 95% CI: −1.59, −0.25) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.38, −0.03). In men in rural areas, illness during the preceding year was positively associated with depressive symptoms (B = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.33, 1.42). In women in rural areas, depressive symptoms were positively associated with illness during the preceding year (B = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.30) and protectively associated with primary education (B = −0.62; 95% CI: −1.12, −0.12) and the frequency of visits to religious facilities (B = −0.44; 95% CI: −0.68, −0.21). Religion and wealth could have different levels of association with depression between older adults in the urban and rural areas and men and women. Interventions for depression in older adults should consider regional and gender differences in the roles of religion and wealth in Myanmar.

scholarly journals Places Visited, Maintained, or Abandoned Outside Home: A Community Mobility Need of Older Adults With Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 673-673
Author(s):  
Isabel Margot-Cattin ◽  
Sophie Gaber ◽  
Nicolas Kuhne ◽  
Camilla Malinowski ◽  
Louise Nygard
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Age In Place ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract For older adults to “age in place”, they need to keep engaged and mobile in their communities, whatever their health condition. The impact of age and cognitive decline on community mobility is a growing problem in Europe and worldwide. Engaging in occupations outside home implies being able to get to those places where activities are performed. Yet little is known regarding the types of places visited, maintained or abandoned for older adults with/without dementia. This study addresses community mobility needs through the places people visit, maintain or abandon. People with and without dementia, aged 55+, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home (ACT-OUT) questionnaire across Switzerland (n=70), Sweden (n=69) and the UK (n=128). Results show that people with dementia experience a higher rate of abandonment for more places than regular older adults. Insights about driving cessation and access to travel passes will be presented.

Demographic Profile Associated With Malnutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Khalil ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Morad Yaser Al Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
One Year

Worldwide, malnutrition is the severe most health problem leading to the highest rate of disease andmortality among children less than 5 years of age. Objective: To find out the association betweenmalnutrition and demographic profile. Methods: 350 malnourished children were chosen by nonprobabilityconvenient sampling technique from Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. Children wereassessed through pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. Results: 45%malnourished children were 1-3 years of age, majority of the children were females (52%), 89% childrenwere from rural areas, 82.6% children were from low socioeconomic status, 54.6% mothers wereuneducated, 50% malnourished children were not having their own house, 115 malnourished childrenwere having 3 or more siblings and 89 mothers were having less than one year of pregnancy gap.Conclusions: Low socioeconomic status, illiteracy of mothers, rural area, gap between pregnancy andfemale gender has been found to be linked with malnutrition in children below 5 years of age.

IMPACT OF DIGITAL MARKETING: THE PRESENT SCENARIO IN TELANGANA STATE – AN EMPERICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (65) ◽  
pp. 15164-15172
Author(s):  
S. Pratap ◽  
Aziz Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

In present scenario of COVID-19, the effect of pandemic on Digital Marketing is visible not only in urban areas but also in rural areas. Customers are searching for various products and services through Google by which they can purchase wide range of products and services to fill their needs and desires at relatively low price. The freedom to select numerous products is available by browsing various websites. Hence this study focuses on Impact of digital marketing particularly in the selected rural areas of Telangana state. This state been formed recently but in the IT sector it is receiving much attention throughout the globe, as many MNC’s are establishing their operations in this state. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to find out how the Impact of digital marketing is trickling down in the rural and remote areas of newly formed Telangana state. Hence this study focuses the impact of digital marketing in the selected areas of Telangana state.

Impact of adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of patients operated on at the Hospital de Clínicas, Paraguay

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Carlos Mena Canata ◽  
Rebeca Noemí Ruiz Vallejos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of postoperative patients.The study is observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective. The files of all postoperative adenotonsillectomy patients in Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo Paraguay. The Obstructive sleep apnea – 18 questionnaire (OSA 18) was applied, asking patients about symptoms before and after surgery. An effective sample of 143 postoperative patients was obtained. The average age was 6.05 ± 2.08 years, 55.10% (81) were male and 44.89% (66) were female, 65.30% (96) were from urban areas and 34.69% (51) from the rural areas. The t test was performed for means of two paired samples, comparing the results of the Obstructive sleep apnea – 18 questionnaire surveys before and after surgery which presented a significant difference (p <0.05) with a tendency to improve the quality of life after surgery. It has been shown that there is a significant difference, a considerable improvement in the quality of life of patients after adenotonsillectomy.

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