Prognostic factors for survival after embolization of hepatic metastases in uveal melanoma

8562 Background: Liver is the most common site of metastasis (>80%) in patients with uveal melanoma. Embolization of the hepatic artery has been used to control hepatic metastases. Methods: Uveal melanoma patients with hepatic metastases embolized with iodized poppy seed oil and gelatin sponge, and either BCNU (chemoembolization, CE) or GM-CSF (immunoembolization, IE) during periods when each of these drugs was the agent of first choice, were evaluated. Prognostic factors that predict OS and progression free survival (PFS) in the liver (PFS-L) and in the extra-hepatic systemic organs (PFS-S) were analyzed univariately using the log-rank test and multivariately using Cox proportional hazards model. The following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, pre-existing extrahepatic metastases (EHM), LDH, AST, ALP, and treatment modality (CE or IE). Results: A total of 53 uveal melanoma patients with < 50% liver involvement with melanoma were analyzed. In comparison to the 19 patients (14 males/5 females) who underwent CE, the 34 patients who underwent IE (12 males/22 females) have significantly better OS (14.1 vs. 9.7 months, p=0.012) and PFS-S (10.2 vs. 4.8 months, P=0.013) in univariate analyses. Female patients outlived male patients (14.2 vs. 9.7 months, p=0.005). In Cox model, the shorter OS was associated with male gender (hazard ratio (HR)=2.1; 95% CI, 1.1–4.0; p=0.020), and marginally related to EHM (HR=1.8; 95% CI, 1.0–3.4; p=0.052). Independent predictors of shorter PFS-S included older age (HR=1.04 per year; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06; p=0.007), EHM (HR=2.1; 95% CI, 1.1–3.8; p=0.017), and CE (HR=2.1; 95% CI, 1.2–3.8; p=0.012). The gender-by-treatment interaction was also considered in all Cox models, but it was not significant. None of the covariates was a predictor of PFS-L in univariate or multivariate analyses. Conclusions: IE and female gender were found to be positive prognostic factors for survival after embolization of hepatic metastases. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Prognostic factors for overall survival with sunitinib as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5042 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 5042-5042

Author(s):

S. Patil ◽

R. A. Figlin ◽

T. E. Hutson ◽

M. D. Michaelson ◽

S. Négrier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Rank Test ◽

Type I ◽

First Line

5042 Background: Sunitinib demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS; the primary endpoint) over interferon-alfa (IFN-α) as first-line mRCC therapy (NEJM 2007;356:115). Median overall survival (OS) with sunitinib compared to IFN-α was: 26.4 vs. 21.8 months (HR=0.821; P=0.051 by unstratified log-rank test; Proc ASCO 2008;26, May 20 suppl; abstr 5024). An analysis of prognostic factors for OS was performed on data from this trial. Methods: 750 treatment-naïve mRCC patients were randomized 1:1 to receive sunitinib or IFN-α. By Cox proportional hazards model, selected pretreatment variables were evaluated univariately and in a multivariate model for each treatment arm. Multivariate models for each treatment arm were based on a stepwise algorithm with a type I error of 0.25 for entry and 0.15 for elimination. Further elimination was applied to identify variables significant at P<0.05. Results: In multivariate analysis of sunitinib patients, factors associated with longer OS include: interval from diagnosis to treatment ≥1 yr, ECOG PS of 0, lower corrected calcium, absence of bone metastases, lower lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and higher hemoglobin (Hgb) ( table ). For the IFN-α treatment arm, male gender, absence of bone or lymph node metastases, lower LDH, higher Hgb, lower corrected calcium, higher neutrophil count, and interval from diagnosis to treatment ≥1 yr were associated with longer OS. Conclusions: For patients in the sunitinib treatment arm, prognostic factors identified were similar to the factors previously identified in the MSKCC risk groups (J Clin Oncol 2002;20:289). Additional prognostic factors were identified for the IFN-α arm. Further studies are warranted to independently validate these findings as well as to identify tumor-specific prognostic factors. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]

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Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and survival of pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a SEER population-based study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6539 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e6539 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ling Cao ◽

Zhi-wen Li ◽

Min Wang ◽

Ting-ting Zhang ◽

Bo Bao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Wedge Resection ◽

Large Cell ◽

Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Rank Test ◽

Ajcc Stage

Background This study was designed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and survival of patients with pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database was utilized to identify patients diagnosed with pulmonary LCNEC between 2004 and 2013. Kaplan–Meier analysis was conducted to determine the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate. Univariate survival analysis along with log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were employed to detect independent prognostic factors. Results Pulmonary LCNEC accounted for 0.58% (2972/510607) of the total number of lung and bronchus carcinoma. And a total of 1,530 eligible cases were identified, with the median follow-up time of 11 months. To be specific, the 3-, 5-year OS and CSS rates were 22.8%, 16.8% and 26.5%, 20.8% respectively. Generally, pulmonary LCNEC was commonly detected in the elderly (72.2%), males (55.9%), the upper lobe (62.0%) and advanced AJCC stage (65.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that elderly [(≥60 and <80 years) HR:1.203, 95% CI [1.053–1.375], P = 0.007; (≥80 years) HR:1.530, 95% CI [1.238–1.891], P < 0.001] and advanced AJCC stage [(stage III) HR:2.606, 95% CI [2.083–3.260], P < 0.001; (stage IV) HR:4.881, 95% CI [3.923–6.072], P < 0.001] were independent unfavorable prognostic factors, and that female (HR:0.845, 95% CI [0.754–0.947], P = 0.004)), surgery [(Segmentectomy/wedge resection) HR:0.526, 95% CI [0.413–0.669], P < 0.001; (Lobectomy/Bilobectomy) HR:0.357, 95% CI [0.290–0.440], P < 0.001;(Pneumonectomy) HR:0.491, 95% CI [0.355–0.679], P < 0.001] , chemotherapy (HR:0.442, 95% CI [0.389–0.503], P < 0.001) and radiation (HR:0.837, 95% CI [0.738–0.949], P = 0.005) were independent favorable prognostic factors. Conclusion To sum up, age at diagnosis, sex, AJCC 8th edition stage, surgery, chemotherapy and radiation were significantly associated with OS of patients with pulmonary LCNEC.

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Radiation Therapy Improves Survival Outcome in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Comparison of a 15-Year Institutional Experience at the University of Nebraska Medical Center with SEER Data

Journal of Radiotherapy ◽

10.1155/2014/708317 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Michael J. Baine ◽

Chi Lin

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Model ◽

Medical Center ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Seer Database ◽

Nebraska Medical ◽

Seer Data

Objectives. We examined the role of radiation therapy (RT) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) treatment through a 15-year retrospective analysis of patients treated at University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) as well as those from the SEER database. Methods. A total of 561 patients diagnosed with PA at UNMC between 1995 and 2011 and 60,587 patients diagnosed between 1995 and 2009 from the SEER were included. Examined prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) were age, gender, race, stage, year of diagnosis, and treatment with surgery, chemotherapy (CT), or RT. Time to death was plotted by Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate prognostic factors for OS. Results. The median OS was 7.3 and 5 months for patients from UNMC and the SEER database, respectively. A Cox model of patients from UNMC showed that RT was associated with improved OS (HR 0.77, P=0.018) after adjusting for factors including age, race, gender, stage, year of diagnosis, having surgery, or having CT. Cox analysis of patients from the SEER showed similar results (HR 0.65, P<0.0001). Conclusions. RT confers an independent survival advantage in patients being treated for PA which is apparent both at UNMC and through SEER data.

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Skeletal system as a rare metastatic site in patients with ovarian carcinoma

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2021-002486 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. ijgc-2021-002486

Author(s):

Naziye Ak ◽

Yagmur Minareci ◽

Pinar Saip

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Bone Metastasis ◽

Bone Metastases ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Rank Test

ObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency and predictors of bone metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer and to determine prognostic factors associated with this finding.MethodsPatients diagnosed with ovarian cancer between January 2009 and December 2019 were evaluated. Patients with radiologically or pathologically confirmed bone metastasis were included in the study. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors related to survival was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsNineteen (2.6%) of 736 patients had bone metastases. Patients with clear cell histology had a higher risk of bone metastases than patients with the other epithelial histology groups (12.3% vs 2.1%, p<0.001). Overall survival was significantly lower in patients diagnosed with bone metastasis at the time of cancer diagnosis than in those diagnosed with bone metastasis during the course of the disease (median 63 vs 6.1 months, p<0.001). However, when the survival time after the development of bone metastasis was examined, no difference was found between patients with metastasis at the time of diagnosis and at the time of first or later progression (median 13.6 vs 4 months, p=0.09). In addition, the median survival of patients with clear cell histology after bone metastasis did not differ statistically from that of patients with other epithelial histology (median 22 vs 7.5 months; p=0.13). In the clear cell subgroup, bone metastasis was an independent prognostic factor for survival after multivariate analysis. For all patients, the stage at diagnosis and serum CA125 and alkaline phosphatase levels at the time of bone metastasis were prognostic factors for survival.DiscussionBone metastasis is rare in patients with ovarian cancer. However, the risk of bone metastasis is highest in patients with clear cell histology.

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Multivariate analysis including biomarkers in the phase III RADIANT-2 study of octreotide LAR plus everolimus (E+O) or placebo (P+O) among patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NET).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.4014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 4014-4014 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

James C. Yao ◽

John D. Hainsworth ◽

Edward M. Wolin ◽

Marianne E. Pavel ◽

Eric Baudin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Performance Status ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Primary Site ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Bone Involvement ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Rank Test

4014 Background: In this large phase III trial, median progression-free survival (PFS) improved by 5.1 mo with E+O compared to P+O in patients (pts) with NET associated with carcinoid syndrome. Baseline imbalances including WHO performance status (PS) and primary site favoring P+O confounded primary analysis. Chromogranin A (CgA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) are important biomarkers in NET. Analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors and adjust for baseline imbalances. Methods: Pts were randomized to E+O (n=216) or P+O (n=213). Potential prognostic factors including baseline CgA (≤2×ULN vs >2×ULN), baseline 5-HIAA (≤median vs >median at baseline), age (<65 vs ≥65), gender, race, WHO PS (0 vs 1, 2), primary site (lung vs other), prior somatostatin analog use (yes vs no), duration from diagnosis (<6 mo, 6-24 mo, 2-5 yr, >5 yr), and organs involved (liver, bone) were assessed in univariate analysis using the log rank test and stepwise regression using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Median PFS (mo) was significantly longer for pts with nonelevated CgA (27 vs 11; p<.001) and nonelevated 5-HIAA (17 vs 11; p<.001). Analyses also indicated age (14 vs 12; p=.01), WHO PS (17 vs 11; p=.004), liver involvement (14 vs not reached; p=.02), bone metastases (8 vs 15; p<.001), and lung as primary site (11 vs 14; p=.06) as potentially prognostic. Multivariate analysis indicated that significant prognostic factors for PFS included baseline CgA (HR, 0.47; CI, 0.34-0.65; p<.001), WHO PS (HR, 0.69; CI, 0.52-0.90; p=.006), bone involvement (HR, 1.52; CI, 1.06-2.18; p=.02), and lung as primary site (HR, 1.55; CI, 1.01-2.36; p=.04). Adjusted for covariates, a 38% reduction in risk of progression was observed for E+O (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.87; p=.003). Conclusions: In the phase III RADIANT-2 trial, baseline CgA levels, WHO PS, lung as primary site, and bone involvement were important prognostic factors. Exploratory analysis adjusted for these prognostic factors indicated significant benefit of everolimus therapy.

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Multivariate analysis including biomarkers in the phase III RADIANT-2 study of octreotide LAR plus everolimus (E+O) or placebo (P+O) among patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NET).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.157 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 157-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

James C. Yao ◽

John D. Hainsworth ◽

Edward M. Wolin ◽

Marianne E. Pavel ◽

Eric Baudin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Performance Status ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Primary Site ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Bone Involvement ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Rank Test

157 Background: In this large phase III trial, median progression-free survival (PFS) improved by 5.1 mo with E+O compared to P+O in patients (pts) with NET associated with carcinoid syndrome. Randomization imbalances including WHO performance status (PS), and primary site favoring P+O confounded primary analysis. Chromogranin A (CgA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) are important biomarkers in NET. Analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors and adjust for randomization imbalances. Methods: Pts were randomized to E+O (n=216) or P+O (n=213). Potential prognostic factors including baseline CgA (≤2×ULN vs >2×ULN), baseline 5-HIAA (≤median vs >median), age (<65 vs ≥65), gender, race, WHO PS (0 vs 1, 2), primary site (lung vs other), prior somatostatin analog use (yes vs no), duration from diagnosis (<6 mo, 6-24 mo, 2-5 yr, >5 yr), and organs involved (liver, bone) were assessed in univariate analysis using the log rank test and a stepwise regression using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Randomization resulted in significant imbalance in baseline CgA (median [ng/mL], 251 E+O vs 137 P+O). Median PFS (mo) was significantly longer for pts with nonelevated CgA (27 vs 11; P<.001) and nonelevated 5-HIAA (17 vs 11; P<.001). Analyses also indicated age (14 vs 12; P=.01), WHO PS (17 vs 11; P=.004), liver involvement (14 vs not reached; P=.02), bone metastases (8 vs 15; P<.001), and lung as primary site (11 vs 14; P=.06) as potentially prognostic. Multivariate analysis indicated that significant prognostic factors for PFS included baseline CgA (HR, 0.47; CI, 0.34-0.65; P<.001), WHO PS (HR, 0.69; CI, 0.52-0.90; P=.006), bone involvement (HR, 1.52; CI, 1.06-2.18; P=.02), and lung as primary site (HR, 1.55; CI, 1.01-2.36; P=.04). Adjusted for covariates, a 38% reduction in risk of progression was observed for E+O (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.87; P=.003). Conclusions: In the phase III RADIANT-2 trial, baseline CgA levels, WHO PS, lung as primary site, and bone involvement were important prognostic factors. Exploratory analysis adjusted for these prognostic factors indicated significant benefit for everolimus therapy.

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Differences between primary peritoneal serous carcinoma and advanced serous ovarian carcinoma: a study based on the SEER database

Journal of Ovarian Research ◽

10.1186/s13048-021-00788-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoduo Li ◽

Qiao Yang ◽

Mingjing Chen ◽

Changqing Yang ◽

Jianfen Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Ovarian Carcinoma ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Serous Carcinoma ◽

Rank Test ◽

Seer Database ◽

Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

Abstract Objective This study aimed to compare clinical features and overall survival (OS) between patients with primary peritoneal serous carcinoma (PPSC) and those with advanced serous ovarian carcinoma (ASOC) and to identify prognostic factors. Methods Patients diagnosed with PPSC and ASOC from 2010 to 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were enrolled. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare clinical features. The primary endpoint was OS. The Kaplan–Meier method and log–rank test were used to perform the survival analysis. Propensity score matching was also conducted. Univariate, multivariate and subgroup analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results A total of 708 PPSC patients and 7610 ASOC patients were enrolled. The clinical features of PPSC patients were noticeably different from those of ASOC patients. The survival analysis showed that PPSC patients had poorer outcomes than ASOC patients. Even after the clinical features were balanced, PPSC patients still had poorer survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that older age, higher tumor grade and advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer stage were adverse prognostic factors in both groups, while surgery and chemotherapy were protective factors. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that most factors favored ASOC patients. The total distant metastasis rates of PPSC and ASOC were similar. Liver or lung metastasis was common, but bone and brain metastases were rare. A higher proportion of liver metastasis was observed in the ASOC group. Conclusion The clinical features and survival outcomes between PPSC patients and ASOC patients are clearly different, and PPSC is more aggressive than ASOC.

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Clinical features associated with the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with glioblastoma (GBM): a surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) analysis

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-07800-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jieqiong Wen ◽

Wanbin Chen ◽

Yayun Zhu ◽

Pengbo Zhang

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Tumor Location ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Rank Test ◽

Multivariable Analyses ◽

End Results

Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with poor survival and prognosis. Randomized trials have demonstrated that chemotherapy improves survival in patients with GBM. This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics that are potentially associated with the efficacy of chemotherapy and the risk factors of GBM. Methods A total of 25,698 patients diagnosed with GBM were identified between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). The clinical and demographic variables between groups were examined by Student’s t-test and Pearson’s chi-square test. GBM-specific survival (GBMSS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. Univariable and multivariable analyses were also performed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify statistically significant prognostic factors. Results Patients who received chemotherapy had better overall survival (median OS 13 vs. Three months, HR = 1.9224, 95%CI 1.8571–1.9900, p < 0.0001) and better GBMSS (median GBMSS of 12 vs. Three months, HR = 1.9379, 95%CI 1.8632–2.0156, p < 0.0001), compared to patients who did not. Further subgroup analysis revealed that among patients who underwent chemotherapy, those who were younger, with a supratentorial tumor, received surgery, or radiotherapy had both improved OS and GBMSS. Age, race, tumor location, tumor size, and treatments were identified as independent prognostic factors by multivariable analyses for patients with glioblastoma. Conclusion Patients with GBM who were younger (< 65 years), underwent surgery, or radiotherapy can benefit more from chemotherapeutic regimens. Age, race, tumor size, tumor location, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were factors associated with the prognosis of patients with GBM.

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A novel prognostic model for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: A retrospective study of 55 cases

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211013274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 030006052110132

Author(s):

Jie Sun ◽

Sha He ◽

Hong Cen ◽

Da Zhou ◽

Zhe Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Factors ◽

T Cell ◽

Prognostic Model ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Initial Diagnosis ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

T Cell Lymphoma ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Lymphoma

Objective To explore prognostic factors and develop an accurate prognostic prediction model for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Methods Clinical data from Chinese patients with newly diagnosed AITL were retrospectively analysed. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method survival curves; prognostic factors were determined using a Cox proportional hazards model. The sensitivity and specificity of the predicted survival rates were compared using area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results The estimated 5-year OS and PFS of 55 eligible patients with AITL were 22% and 3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of pneumonia, and serous cavity effusions at initial diagnosis were significant prognostic factors for OS. Based on AUC ROC values, our novel prognostic model was superior to IPI and PIT based models and suggested better diagnostic accuracy. Conclusions Our prognostic model based on pneumonia, and serous cavity effusions at initial diagnosis enabled a balanced classification of AITL patients into different risk groups.

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Prognostic Implications of MRI Melanin Quantification and Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Liver Metastases of Uveal Melanoma

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13112728 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2728

Author(s):

Toulsie Ramtohul ◽

Khadija Ait Rais ◽

Sophie Gardrat ◽

Raymond Barnhill ◽

Sergio Román-Román ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Metastases ◽

Uveal Melanoma ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽

Chromosome 8 ◽

Preoperative Imaging ◽

Comparative Genomic ◽

High Genetic Risk ◽

Prognostic Implications

To evaluate the prognostic implications of melanin quantification assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with respect to the clinical, pathological, and genetic features of liver metastases of uveal melanoma (LMUM). This single-center retrospective cohort study included 63 patients eligible for margin-free resection of LMUM between 2007 and 2018. Comparative genomic hybridization of resected liver metastases on microarrays was performed for genetic risk classification. Metastases exhibiting monosomy 3 with any type of gain of chromosome 8 (M3/8g) were considered high-genetic-risk. MRI melanin quantification using the mean T1 signal (mT1s) in liver metastases was assessed quantitatively on preoperative imaging examination and compared to that of gross pathological evaluation. The association between MRI melanin quantification and overall survival (OS) was assessed by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model. Gross pathological assessment of melanin content and MRI melanin quantification were strongly correlated (r = 0.8, p < 0.001). Independent prognostic factors associated with OS were disease-free interval ≤ 24 months (HR = 3.1; 95% CI, 1.6–6.0; p < 0.001), high-genetic-risk (HR = 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1–4.8; p = 0.04), mT1s > 1.1 (HR = 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2–4.7; p = 0.019), and complete hepatic resection (HR = 0.3; 95% CI, 0.2–0.7; p = 0.004). In patients with high-genetic-risk, mT1s showed a significant association with OS (HR = 3.7; 95% CI, 1.5–9.3; p = 0.006). The median OS was 17.5 months vs. 27 months for >1.1 and ≤1.1 mT1s tumors, respectively (p = 0.003). We showed that the level of pigmentation in M3/8g LMUM identified two subsets that were correlated with distinct clinical outcomes.

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