Systematic literature review (SLR) of clinical and real-world observational studies of octreotide LAR for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15190-e15190
Author(s):  
Rachael Sorg ◽  
Maureen Neary ◽  
Cassie Tang ◽  
Cherry Song ◽  
Jipan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Real World ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Octreotide Lar

Systematic literature review of the real-world burden and use of chemotherapies for treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17571-e17571
Author(s):  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Rachel Hughes ◽  
Ishaaq Altaf-Haroon ◽  
Emma Schiller ◽  
Ananth Kadambi
Keyword(s):  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Real World ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Prior Systemic Therapy

e17571 Background: Women diagnosed with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) have a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival of only 15% to 17%. While a multi-modality approach is often used for newly diagnosed EC including platinum-based chemotherapy, there are no definitively approved standard treatment options for advanced or recurrent EC following prior systemic therapy (FPST). The real-world evidence surrounding the effectiveness of chemotherapies in this setting is not well characterized. We conducted a systematic literature review to attempt to fill this evidence gap. Methods: Systematic searches were run in Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library to identify English-language publications from January 2000 to July 2020. Additional hand searches of 5 key conferences held from 2018 to 2020 were also conducted. The review included observational studies reporting the clinical effectiveness, safety, or treatment patterns of pharmacological treatments in adult women with advanced or recurrent EC. Results: Seventy-seven observational studies met the inclusion criteria, of these 63 studies reported on the effectiveness of chemotherapies. While 57 studies described adjuvant chemotherapy use, 6 described use of chemotherapies FPST, including 1 study in the second line or later. Only one of these 6 studies reported a sample size greater than 100 patients. Chemotherapy FPST included paclitaxel/carboplatin (3 studies), doxorubicin (2 studies), etoposide (1 study), or any platinum-based chemotherapy (1 study). Shorter median overall survival (OS) was observed in patients with treatment-free intervals (TFI) < 6 months from prior systemic therapy (5.5-11.3 months; 2 studies) compared to those with TFI > 6 months (13.0-27.0 months; 3 studies). Similarly, shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) was seen in patients with TFI < 6 months from prior systemic therapy (2.0-3.2 months; 2 studies) vs. those with TFI > 6 months (6.0-10.0 months; 3 studies). Conclusions: Women with advanced or recurrent EC have poor OS and PFS with current chemotherapy regimens, especially for those with TFI < 6 months. The time at recurrence from prior systemic therapy seems to correlate with the outcomes of subsequent treatment. Novel efficacious treatment strategies are required to improve patients’ outcomes in the FPST setting. While extensive real-world evidence exists for patients with EC receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, real world data is limited for use of chemotherapy in advanced or recurrent setting, warranting further research in larger samples of patients.

scholarly journals 1390. Effectiveness of M-M-R® II in outbreaks - a systematic literature review of real-world observational studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S704-S705
Author(s):  
Se Li ◽  
Barbara J Kuter ◽  
Elvira Schmidt ◽  
Elizabeth Richardson ◽  
Louise P Saldutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Real World ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
School Students ◽  
Material Support ◽  
The Us

Abstract Background M-M-R® II was approved in the US in 1978 and has been used globally for over 40 years. Widespread use of M-M-R® II has resulted in important declines in incidence, morbidity, and mortality of measles, mumps, and rubella in the US and other countries. While vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy were established in multiple placebo-controlled trials of each vaccine component, there are limited studies on vaccine effectiveness (VE) of M-M-R® II. This systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the VE of M-M-R® II from real-world observational studies. Methods The literature search was conducted in Medline and Embase (through May 2019), and grey literature sources (through July 2019). All publications and findings in English language were screened by two independent reviewers. The study characteristics and VE results were extracted for each study. Results Ten full-text publications related to VE of M-M-R® II were all identified from outbreak investigations and mainly in the US (n=8, sample size=318 - 20,496). For measles outbreaks (n=4), VE ranged from 71% to 96% in different age groups. Among high school students, VE of ≥1-dose of M-M-R® II was 94-96%. Among young adolescents, the incremental VE of ≥2-dose vs. 1-dose was 94.1%. When M-M-R® II was used as post-exposure prophylaxis within 72 hours of exposure during an outbreak, the VE was 83.4% among children 6 months to 19 years old. In another study among infants 6-14 months old, VE was 71% against laboratory-confirmed measles. Among mumps outbreaks, the VE of 1-dose, 2-dose, and ≥1-dose M-M-R® II compared to unvaccinated was 83-84%, 80-89%, 83-86% respectively. Three studies evaluating the effectiveness of a third dose of M-M-R® II showed an incremental mumps VE of 60-88% for 3-dose vs. ≤ 2-dose. One study found that individuals who had received a 2nd dose of M-M-R® II ≥13 years (vs. &lt; 13 years) before the outbreak had higher risk for contracting mumps. No study reported VE of M-M-R® II in a rubella outbreak. Conclusion M-M-R® II was found to be effective against measles and mumps during outbreaks. More effectiveness studies are warranted to further address questions on the relationship of VE and time since vaccination as well as the effectiveness of a third dose of M-M-R® II for measles or mumps outbreak control. Disclosures Se Li, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc. (Employee, Shareholder) Barbara J. Kuter, PhD, MPH, Merck (Other Financial or Material Support, Former employee) Elvira Schmidt, MSc, Certara (Employee of Certara, paid contractor to Merck) (Employee, Other Financial or Material Support) Elizabeth Richardson, BS, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. (Employee) Louise P. Saldutti, PhD, Mercfk & Co., Inc (Employee) Neumann Monika, Information Specialist, Certara (Employee, Employee of Certara, who was paid contractor to Merck.) Linnea Koller, n/a, Merck (Employee, Other Financial or Material Support, Employee of Certara who was paid contractor to Merck) Manica Agrawal, n/a, Certara (Employee)Merck (Grant/Research Support) Manjiri D. Pawaskar, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc (Employee, Shareholder)

scholarly journals Systematic literature review of efficacy/effectiveness and safety of current therapies for the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome and tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e001227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Beate Kuemmerle-Deschner ◽  
Raju Gautam ◽  
Aneesh Thomas George ◽  
Syed Raza ◽  
Kathleen Graham Lomax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Real World ◽  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency ◽  
Periodic Syndrome ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ObjectivesSeveral therapies are used for the treatment of rareautoinflammatory conditions like cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndromes (CAPS), hyperimmunoglobulin Dsyndrome (HIDS)/mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) and tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). However, reviews reporting on treatment outcomes of these therapies are lacking.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using Embase, MEDLINE, MEDLINE-In Process and Cochrane databases to identify the randomised/non-randomised controlled trials (RCTs/non-RCTs) and real-world observational studies of CAPS, HIDS/MKD and TRAPS published as full-texts (January 2000–September 2017) or conference abstracts (January 2014–September 2017). Studies with data for ≥1 biologic were included. Studies with <5 patients were excluded.ResultsOf the 3 342 retrieved publications, 72 studies were included (CAPS, n=43; HIDS/MKD, n=9; TRAPS, n=7; studies with ≥2 cohorts, n=13). Most studies were full-text (n=56), published after 2010 (n=56) and real-world observational studies (n=58). Among included studies, four were RCTs (canakinumab, n=2 (CAPS, n=1; HIDS/MKD and TRAPS, n=1); rilonacept, n=1 (in CAPS); simvastatin, n=1 (in HIDS/MKD)). Canakinumab and anakinra were the most commonly used therapies for CAPS and HIDS/MKD, whereas etanercept, canakinumab and anakinra were the most common for TRAPS. The available evidence suggested the efficacy or effectiveness of canakinumab and anakinra in CAPS, HIDS/MKD and TRAPS, and of etanercept in TRAPS; asingle RCT demonstrated the efficacy of rilonacept in CAPS.ConclusionsCanakinumab, anakinra, etanercept and rilonacept were reported to be well tolerated; however, injection-site reactions were observed frequently with anakinra, rilonacept and etanercept. Data on the use of tocilizumab, infliximab and adalimumab in these conditions were limited; thus, further research is warranted.

scholarly journals Systematic literature review of machine learning methods used in the analysis of real-world data for patient-provider decision making

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Brnabic ◽  
Lisa M. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Real World ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Methods

Abstract Background Machine learning is a broad term encompassing a number of methods that allow the investigator to learn from the data. These methods may permit large real-world databases to be more rapidly translated to applications to inform patient-provider decision making. Methods This systematic literature review was conducted to identify published observational research of employed machine learning to inform decision making at the patient-provider level. The search strategy was implemented and studies meeting eligibility criteria were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Relevant data related to study design, statistical methods and strengths and limitations were identified; study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Luo checklist. Results A total of 34 publications from January 2014 to September 2020 were identified and evaluated for this review. There were diverse methods, statistical packages and approaches used across identified studies. The most common methods included decision tree and random forest approaches. Most studies applied internal validation but only two conducted external validation. Most studies utilized one algorithm, and only eight studies applied multiple machine learning algorithms to the data. Seven items on the Luo checklist failed to be met by more than 50% of published studies. Conclusions A wide variety of approaches, algorithms, statistical software, and validation strategies were employed in the application of machine learning methods to inform patient-provider decision making. There is a need to ensure that multiple machine learning approaches are used, the model selection strategy is clearly defined, and both internal and external validation are necessary to be sure that decisions for patient care are being made with the highest quality evidence. Future work should routinely employ ensemble methods incorporating multiple machine learning algorithms.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D in the Development of Diabetes Post Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Amélie Keller ◽  
Carmen Varela Vazquez ◽  
Rojina Dangol ◽  
Peter Damm ◽  
Berit Lilienthal Heitmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Diabetes Development ◽  
High Degree

Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more likely to later develop diabetes. Evidence from some previous reviews suggests that low vitamin D status during pregnancy increases the risk of developing GDM, but whether vitamin D during pregnancy also influences the risk of diabetes post GDM is less well studied. Thus, the aim of this systematic literature review was to summarize the current available literature on that topic. This review considered observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five databases were searched. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed. A total of six studies were included: three observational studies and three RCTs. Findings were inconsistent across the six included studies. However, when considering RCTs only, the findings more strongly suggested that vitamin D supplementation during and after pregnancy did not have an influence on markers of diabetes development or diabetes development post GDM. This systematic review highlights inconsistent findings on the associations between vitamin D supplementation or concentration during and after pregnancy and markers of diabetes development or diabetes development post GDM; and although results from randomized interventional studies more strongly suggested no associations, the conclusion holds a high degree of uncertainty.

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