scholarly journals Prevalence and Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Among Women in Kinshasa, The Democratic Republic of the Congo

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alex B. Mutombo ◽  
Ina Benoy ◽  
Rahma Tozin ◽  
Johannes Bogers ◽  
Jean-Pierre Van geertruyden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
High Risk Hpv

PURPOSE Cervical cancer is the leading cause of mortality by cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. The human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is recognized as a necessary and sufficient cause for cervical cancer. Population-specific estimates of HPV prevalence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) are unknown. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of HPV and identify predominant genotypes circulating in Kinshasa, DRC. METHODS Between July 2015 and July 2017, women were invited to attend a screening program at Mont-Amba Health Centre in Kinshasa. Cervical specimens were collected using the Preservcyt medium. HPV DNA testing was performed for all specimens using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS During the 2-year period, a total of 1,870 women age 25 to 82 years were screened. The mean age was 46 years (± 11.4 years). The overall HPV prevalence was 28.2% (95% CI, 26.1% to 30.3%). High-risk HPV prevalence was 24.8% (95% CI, 22.8% to 26.8%). Women younger than 30 years had the highest overall HPV prevalence (42.2%; 95% CI, 34.7% to 49.9%). A second peak of prevalence was observed in women age 60 years and older. HPV68 (5.5%; 95% CI, 4.5% to 6.6%) was the most prevalent HPV type. CONCLUSION The distribution of HPV genotypes among women in our population was different compared with other world regions. A key finding was that HPV68 was the most prevalent high-risk HPV genotype. These findings highlight the need for the determination in our population of the etiologic fraction of different HPV types in invasive cervical cancers.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genotyping of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Female with High-Risk Behaviour in Dhaka, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Sultana ◽  
Mohsina Huq ◽  
Anadil Alam ◽  
Dipak Kumar Mitra ◽  
Donald James Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Risk Hpv

In developing countries, cervical cancer is the most common cause of cancer related to mortality in women. But the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) in different areas of Bangladesh is largely unknown both in risk groups and in the general population. The objective of the present study was to determine the risk factors associated with having HPV and the prevalence of high-risk HPV types among women with highrisk behaviour and to assess its potential impact on preventive strategies as the sex workers are at increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI), HPV and hence cervical cancer. Cervical swab from 293 sex workers in Dhaka City between August and September 2003 and between February 2005 and May 2006 were screened for HPV DNA using an HPV short fragment (E6) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay. HPV positive samples were genotyped with nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (NMPCR) for the highrisk types. The overall HPV prevalence in sex workers was 75.8%, whereas for the high risk type it was 49.8%. Prevalence of single genotype and multiple types of HPV was 33.1 and 16.7% respectively. The most prevalent high-risk HPV types, in order of prevalence rate, were HPV16, HPV18, HPV58, HPV45, HPV31 and HPV33. Both HPV 16 and HPV 18 were present in 21% of the cases. Targeting HPV 16 and 18 with prophylactic vaccines could possibly have an important impact on the incidence of invasive cervical carcinoma in this group of women. Primary prevention and cervical cancer screening programmes should be optimized more and run yearly among the general population. It is proposed to screen sex workers when they enter prostitution regardless of their age. Keywords: Human papillomavirus (HPV); High-risk HPV types; Cervical cancer; Sex workersDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4861 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 65-68

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus 16 Oncoproteins Downregulate the Expression of miR-148a-3p, miR-190a-5p, and miR-199b-5p in Cervical Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Soon Han ◽  
Jae Myun Lee ◽  
Soo-Nyung Kim ◽  
Jae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Hyon-Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Hybridization Method ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Cervical Cancer Development ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Almost all cervical cancers are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV); however, the majority of women infected with this virus do not develop cervical cancer. Therefore, new markers are needed for reliable screening of cervical cancer, especially in relation to HPV infection. We aimed to identify potential microRNAs that may serve as diagnostic markers for cervical cancer development in high-risk HPV-positive patients. We evaluated the microRNA expression profiles in 12 cervical tissues using the hybridization method and verified them by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Finally, we evaluated the effects of HPV16 oncoproteins on the expression of selected microRNAs using cervical cancer cells (CaSki and SiHa) and RNA interference. With the hybridization method, eight microRNAs (miR-9-5p, miR-136-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-190a-5p, miR-199b-5p, miR-382-5p, miR-597-5p, and miR-655-3p) were found to be expressed differently in the HPV16-positive cervical cancer group and HPV16-positive normal group (fold change ≥ 2). The results of qPCR showed that miR-148a-3p, miR-190a-5p, miR-199b-5p, and miR-655-3p levels significantly decreased in the cancer group compared with the normal group. Upon silencing of HPV16 E5 and E6/E7, miR-148a-3p levels increased in both cell lines. Silencing of E6/E7 in SiHa cells led to the increase in miR-199b-5p and miR-190a-5p levels. Three HPV16 oncoproteins (E5, E6, and E7) downregulate miR-148a-3p, while E6/E7 inhibit miR-199b-5p and miR-190a-5p expression in cervical carcinoma. The three microRNAs, miR-148a-3p, miR-199b-5p, and miR-190a-5p, may be novel diagnostic biomarkers for cervical cancer development in high-risk HPV-positive patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence, incidence, and distribution of human papillomavirus types in female sex workers in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Kristen Sweet ◽  
Claire Bosire ◽  
Busola Sanusi ◽  
Carly J Sherrod ◽  
Jessie Kwatampora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Negative

Female sex workers (FSWs) have a notably high risk of acquiring human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Relatively few studies address the type-specific prevalence and incidence of HPV among FSWs in sub-Saharan Africa. FSWs (n = 348) attending the Korogocho clinic in Nairobi, Kenya participated from August 2009 to March 2011. HPV DNA was detected using the SPF10-LiPA25 PCR assay. Baseline prevalence of HPV infection and cervical dysplasia were calculated, stratified by HIV-serostatus. Incidence rate (IR) of infection was calculated as number of new infections from baseline over person-months among 160 HPV-negative participants with complete 12-month follow-up. Baseline HPV prevalence was 23.6% for any HPV and 20.4% for high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types. Most prevalent types were HPV52 (10.1%), HPV35 (2.3%), and HPV51 (2.3%). A quarter (24%) of participants were HIV-positive. HPV prevalence was higher in HIV-positive (32.1%) than HIV-negative (20.8%) participants. hrHPV prevalence was higher in HIV-positive (27.4%) than HIV-negative (18.2%) women. During follow-up, HPV IR was 31.4 (95% CI: 23.8–41.5) for any HPV and 24.2 (95% CI: 17.9–32.8) for hrHPV types. HPV52 had the highest IR (6.0; 95% CI: 6.5–10.3). Overall HPV and hrHPV prevalence were lower than expected, but both prevalence and incidence were higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative women.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Among Women Presenting for Cervical Cancer Screening at Karanda Mission Hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 1276-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Thistle ◽  
Rabea Parpia ◽  
Debanjan Pain ◽  
Hang Lee ◽  
Justen Manasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Mission Hospital ◽  
Dna Types

PURPOSE High-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPV) are the primary cause of cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is expected to prevent cervical cancers caused by the HPV types included in vaccines and possibly by cross-protection from other types. This study sought to determine the hrHPV type distribution in women at a rural Zimbabwe hospital. METHODS We implemented a cross-sectional study at the Karanda Mission Hospital. Using the Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid Cervicography technique, clinicians collected cervical swabs from 400 women presenting for screening for cervical cancer. Samples were initially analyzed by Cepheid GeneXpert; candidate hrHPV genotypes were further characterized using the Anyplex II HPV28 Detection Kit. RESULTS Twenty-one percent of the 400 women were positive for a high-risk genotype when using the GeneXpert analyzer; 17% were positive when using the multiplex analysis. Almost two thirds of the hrHPV women had a single DNA type identified, whereas one third had multiple genotypes, ranging from 2 to 5. hrHPV was observed more frequently in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative women (27% v 15%). Of the 113 isolates obtained, 77% were hrHPV genotypes not included in the bivalent or quadrivalent vaccines, and 47% represented DNA types not covered in the nonavalent vaccine. Forty-seven percent of the women with hrHPV harbored a single genotype that was not covered by the nonavalent vaccine. CONCLUSION A large fraction of hrHPV isolates from women participating in a cervical cancer screening program in northern Zimbabwe are DNA types not covered by the bivalent, quadrivalent, or nonavalent vaccines. These findings suggest the importance of characterizing the hrHPV DNA types isolated from cervical neoplasia in this population and determining whether cross-immunization against these genotypes develops after administration of the vaccines in current use.

scholarly journals Regulation of cell cycles is of key importance in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Michelina Fernandes Brenna ◽  
Kari Juhani Syrjänen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Cycle Checkpoints ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

The rapid progress in molecular biology has allowed the identification of the genes involved in different functions of normal cells and has also improved our understanding of the mechanisms of human carcinogenesis. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small double-stranded DNA tumor virus and its genes can manipulate cell cycle control to promote viral persistence and replication. The E6 and E7 proteins of high-risk HPV bind to cell cycle regulatory proteins and interfere with both G1/S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints much more effectively than the low-risk HPV. The difference between the ability of low and high-risk HPV types to induce immortalization and transformation may well lie in their abilities to interact with the various cell cycle components, resulting in the loss of multiple cell cycle checkpoints, which are important in host genome fidelity, thus potentially resulting in accumulation of genetic abnormalities. Cervical cancer is one of the leading malignancies in women worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality. According to current concepts, HPV is recognized as the single most important causal agent in the pathogenesis of this cancer. HPV infection clearly precedes the development of malignancy, while being regularly associated with cervical cancer precursor lesions (all grades of squamous intraepithelial lesions). HPV-infected low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) has three possible outcomes: a) it may regress; b) it can persist; or c) it can make a clinical progression to in situ or invasive carcinoma. It has been well established by prospective cohort studies that the spontaneous regression rate increases in parallel with follow-up duration. In contrast, the clinical progression of lesions usually takes place quite rapidly, i.e. during the first two years from diagnosis. The mechanisms responsible for this divergent clinical behavior of HPV-associated squamous intraepithelial lesions are largely unknown, but currently under intense study in different laboratories worldwide.

scholarly journals Dynamics of High-Risk Nonvaccine Human Papillomavirus Types after Actual Vaccination Scheme

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Peralta ◽  
Cruz Vargas-De-León ◽  
Augusto Cabrera ◽  
Pedro Miramontes
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Vaccination Scheme ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
The Impact

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as the main etiological factor in the developing of cervical cancer (CC). This finding has propitiated the development of vaccines that help to prevent the HPVs 16 and 18 infection. Both genotypes are associated with 70% of CC worldwide. In the present study, we aimed to determine the emergence of high-risk nonvaccine HPV after actual vaccination scheme to estimate the impact of the current HPV vaccines. A SIR-type model was used to study the HPV dynamics after vaccination. According to the results, our model indicates that the application of the vaccine reduces infection by target or vaccine genotypes as expected. However, numerical simulations of the model suggest the presence of the phenomenon called vaccine—induced pathogen strain replacement. Here, we report the following replacement mechanism: if the effectiveness of cross-protective immunity is not larger than the effectiveness of the vaccine, then the high-risk nonvaccine genotypes emerge. In this scenario, further studies of infection dispersion by HPV are necessary to ascertain the real impact of the current vaccines, primarily because of the different high-risk HPV types that are found in CC.

scholarly journals Up-regulation of peroxiredoxin 3 by high-risk human papillomavirus in cervical cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou-Li Liu ◽  
Xiao-Juan Sun ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Jingmin Li ◽  
Xianyong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Peroxiredoxin 3

IntroductionPeroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) is a member of PRX family with antioxidant functions by scavenging hydrogen peroxide. Since the development of cervical cancer is causally linked to high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) that induces oxidative stress, we conducted the present study to investigate the response of PRX3 to high-risk HPV infection.Material and methodsThis study included fifty-six patients with invasive squamous cervical cancer and sixty control patients with hysteromyoma. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect cervical oxidative stress and serum PRX3. The expression of PRX3 and oncoprotein E6 of HPV16 or HPV18 was examined in cervical cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. Western Blot was applied to detect the expression of PRX3 and E6 in cervical cancer cell lines including CaSki, HeLa, and C33A.ResultsPatients with cervical cancer showed higher serum PRX3 than control patients with hysteromyoma. Levels of oxidative markers in cervical cancer tissues were elevated as compared to normal cervical epithelia. PRX3 expression was upregulated in cervical cancer tissues and the upregulation was positively associated with the expression of E6 of HPV16 or HPV18. The association was confirmed in HPV-containing cervical cancer cell lines including CaSki and HeLa.ConclusionsOur results indicated a positive response of PRX3 to HPV-induced oxidative stress. Serum PRX3 might be a potential indicator of active amplification of high-risk HPV in cervical cancer cells.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus infection rate, distribution characteristics, and risk of age in pre- and postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Shen ◽  
Jing Xia ◽  
Huihui Li ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Sanping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background The incidence rate of cervical cancer is increasing yearly. The persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main factor leading to cervical cancer. HPV infection is double peak type. This study aimed at analyzing the HPV distribution characteristics, infection rate, and risk of age in pre- and postmenopausal women. So as to provide reference for the prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer screening strategy. Methods A retrospective analysis of 4614 women who underwent cervical cytology, and HPV examination from January 2018 to October 2019 at the healthcare department of Wuhan Union Hospital was done. We explored the characteristics and distribution of HPV infections around the menopause, then comparing the infection rate of HPV in postmenopause and over 65 years old, in order to analyze the influence of different ages on HPV infection. Results Generally, the HPV infection rate was 13.10% (539/4115), whereby the high-risk subtype constituted 73.84% (398/539) of all positive cases. On the other hand, the HPV39 infection was more common in postmenopausal women; however, there was no significant difference in the distribution of the other types in the pre- and postmenopausal women. The first four types were 52/53/58/16. The results further showed that the rates of HPV infection before and after menopause were 12.34% (367/2975) and 15.09% (172/1140), respectively, which had no significant difference (P = 0.056), but more susceptible to high-risk HPV infection after the age of 65 (P = 0.041). Except for 40 years old to menopause, the infection rate of high-risk HPV in this age group was different from that in postmenopause (P = 0.023, 0.729 (0.555, 0.957)), other age groups had no significant effect on high-risk HPV infection. Conclusions It was concluded that whether menopause has nothing to do with HPV infection. Moreover, the risk of high-risk HPV infection in women aged 40 to premenopausal is relatively low, but the infection rate increases after 65. Hence the cutoff screening age should be appropriately prolonged.

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