scholarly journals Differential resting state connectivity responses to glycemic state in type 1 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Parikh ◽  
Dongju Seo ◽  
Cheryl Lacadie ◽  
Renata Belfort-DeAguiar ◽  
Derek Groskreutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

Abstract Context Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have alterations in brain activity which have been postulated to contribute to the adverse neurocognitive consequences of T1DM; however, the impact of T1DM and hypoglycemic unawareness on the brain’s resting state activity remains unclear. Objective To determine whether individuals with T1DM and hypoglycemia unawareness (T1DM-Unaware) had changes in the brain resting state functional connectivity compared to healthy controls (HC) and those with T1DM and hypoglycemia awareness (T1DM-Aware). Design Observational study Setting Academic medical center Participants 27 individuals with T1DM and 12 healthy control volunteers participated in the study. Intervention All participants underwent BOLD resting state fMRI brain imaging during a 2-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic (90 mg/dl)-hypoglycemic (60mg/dl) clamp. Outcome Changes in resting state functional connectivity Results Using two separate methods of functional connectivity analysis, we identified distinct differences in the resting state brain responses to mild hypoglycemia amongst HC, T1DM-Aware and T1DM-Unaware participants, particularly in the angular gyrus, an integral component of the default mode network (DMN). Furthermore, changes in angular gyrus connectivity also correlated with greater symptoms of hypoglycemia (r = 0.461, P = 0.003) as well as higher scores of perceived stress (r = 0.531, P = 0.016). Conclusion These findings provide evidence that individuals with T1DM have changes in the brain’s resting state connectivity patterns, which may be further associated with differences in awareness to hypoglycemia. These changes in connectivity may be associated with alterations in functional outcomes amongst individuals with T1DM.

scholarly journals Differential Resting State Connectivity Responses to Glycemic State in Type 1 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Parikh ◽  
Dongju Seo ◽  
Cheryl Lacadie ◽  
Renata Belfort-Deaguiar ◽  
Derek Groskreutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

Abstract Context Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have alterations in brain activity that have been postulated to contribute to the adverse neurocognitive consequences of T1DM; however, the impact of T1DM and hypoglycemic unawareness on the brain’s resting state activity remains unclear. Objective To determine whether individuals with T1DM and hypoglycemia unawareness (T1DM-Unaware) had changes in the brain resting state functional connectivity compared to healthy controls (HC) and those with T1DM and hypoglycemia awareness (T1DM-Aware). Design Observational study. Setting Academic medical center. Participants 27 individuals with T1DM and 12 HC volunteers participated in the study. Intervention All participants underwent blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) resting state functional magnetic brain imaging during a 2-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic (90 mg/dL)–hypoglycemic (60 mg/dL) clamp. Outcome Changes in resting state functional connectivity. Results Using 2 separate methods of functional connectivity analysis, we identified distinct differences in the resting state brain responses to mild hypoglycemia between HC, T1DM-Aware, and T1DM-Unaware participants, particularly in the angular gyrus, an integral component of the default mode network (DMN). Furthermore, changes in angular gyrus connectivity also correlated with greater symptoms of hypoglycemia (r = 0.461, P = 0.003) as well as higher scores of perceived stress (r = 0.531, P = 0.016). Conclusion These findings provide evidence that individuals with T1DM have changes in the brain’s resting state connectivity patterns, which may be further associated with differences in awareness to hypoglycemia. These changes in connectivity may be associated with alterations in functional outcomes among individuals with T1DM.

scholarly journals The Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity Underlying Violence Proneness: Is It a Reliable Marker for Neurocriminology? A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Romero-Martínez ◽  
Macarena González ◽  
Marisol Lila ◽  
Enrique Gracia ◽  
Luis Martí-Bonmatí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
The Brain

Introduction: There is growing scientific interest in understanding the biological mechanisms affecting and/or underlying violent behaviors in order to develop effective treatment and prevention programs. In recent years, neuroscientific research has tried to demonstrate whether the intrinsic activity within the brain at rest in the absence of any external stimulation (resting-state functional connectivity; RSFC) could be employed as a reliable marker for several cognitive abilities and personality traits that are important in behavior regulation, particularly, proneness to violence. Aims: This review aims to highlight the association between the RSFC among specific brain structures and the predisposition to experiencing anger and/or responding to stressful and distressing situations with anger in several populations. Methods: The scientific literature was reviewed following the PRISMA quality criteria for reviews, using the following digital databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Psicodoc, and Dialnet. Results: The identification of 181 abstracts and retrieval of 34 full texts led to the inclusion of 17 papers. The results described in our study offer a better understanding of the brain networks that might explain the tendency to experience anger. The majority of the studies highlighted that diminished RSFC between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala might make people prone to reactive violence, but that it is also necessary to contemplate additional cortical (i.e. insula, gyrus [angular, supramarginal, temporal, fusiform, superior, and middle frontal], anterior and posterior cingulated cortex) and subcortical brain structures (i.e. hippocampus, cerebellum, ventral striatum, and nucleus centralis superior) in order to explain a phenomenon as complex as violence. Moreover, we also described the neural pathways that might underlie proactive violence and feelings of revenge, highlighting the RSFC between the OFC, ventral striatal, angular gyrus, mid-occipital cortex, and cerebellum. Conclusions. The results from this synthesis and critical analysis of RSFC findings in several populations offer guidelines for future research and for developing a more accurate model of proneness to violence, in order to create effective treatment and prevention programs.

Accessibility and Openness to Diabetes Management Support via Mobile Phones: A Survey of People with Type 1 Diabetes Using Advanced Diabetes Technologies (Preprint)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Kuei Lin ◽  
Caroline Richardson ◽  
Iulia Dobrin ◽  
Rodica Pop-Busui ◽  
Gretchen Piatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Interactive Voice Response ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Little is known about the feasibility of mobile health (mHealth) support among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using advanced diabetes technologies including continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and hybrid closed-loop insulin pumps (HCLs). OBJECTIVE To evaluate patient access and openness to receiving mHealth diabetes support in people with T1D using CGMs/HCLs. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey among T1D patients using CGMs or HCLs managed in an academic medical center. Participants reported information regarding their mobile device usage, cellular call/text message/internet connectivity, and openness to various channels of mHealth communication (smartphone applications or “apps”, text messages, and interactive voice response calls or IVR calls). Participants’ demographic characteristics and CGM data were collected from medical records. Analyses focused on differences in openness to mHealth and mHealth communication channels across groups defined by demographic variables and measures of glycemic control. RESULTS Among all participants (n=310; 64% female; mean age: 45 (SD:16)), 98% reported active cellphone use, and 80% were receptive to receiving mHealth support to improve glucose control. Among participants receptive to mHealth support, 98% were willing to share CGM glucose data for mHealth diabetes self-care assistance. Most (71%) were open to receiving messages via apps, 56% were open to text messages, and 12% were open to IVR calls. Older participants were more likely to prefer text messages (P=0.009) and IVR (P=0.03) than younger participants. CONCLUSIONS Most people with T1D who use advanced diabetes technologies have access to cell phones and are receptive to receiving mHealth support to improve diabetes control. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

scholarly journals Attention network modulation via tRNS correlates with attention gain

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Contò ◽  
Grace Edwards ◽  
Sarah Tyler ◽  
Danielle Parrott ◽  
Emily Grossman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Random Noise ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioral Improvement

Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) can enhance vision in the healthy and diseased brain. Yet, the impact of multi-day tRNS on large-scale cortical networks is still unknown. We investigated the impact of tRNS coupled with behavioral training on resting-state functional connectivity and attention. We trained human subjects for 4 consecutive days on two attention tasks, while receiving tRNS over the intraparietal sulci, the middle temporal areas, or Sham stimulation. We measured resting-state functional connectivity of nodes of the dorsal and ventral attention network (DVAN) before and after training. We found a strong behavioral improvement and increased connectivity within the DVAN after parietal stimulation only. Crucially, behavioral improvement positively correlated with connectivity measures. We conclude changes in connectivity are a marker for the enduring effect of tRNS upon behavior. Our results suggest that tRNS has strong potential to augment cognitive capacity in healthy individuals and promote recovery in the neurological population.

scholarly journals Resting state functional connectivity in early post-anesthesia recovery is characterized by globally reduced anticorrelations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommer Nir ◽  
Yael Jacob ◽  
Kuang-Han Huang ◽  
Arthur E. Schwartz ◽  
Jess W. Brallier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Resting State Connectivity

ABSTRACTThough a growing body of literature is addressing the possible longer-term cognitive effects of anesthetics, to date no study has delineated the normal trajectory of neural recovery due to anesthesia alone in older adults. We obtained resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans on 62 healthy human volunteers between ages forty and eighty before, during, and after sevoflurane (general) anesthesia, in the absence of surgery, as part of a larger study on cognitive function post-anesthesia. Resting state networks expression decreased consistently one hour after emergence from anesthesia. This corresponded to a global reduction in anticorrelated functional connectivity post-anesthesia, seen across individual regions-of-interest. Positively correlated functional connectivity remained constant across peri-anesthetic states. All measures returned to baseline 1 day later, with individual regions-of-interest essentially returning to their pre-anesthesia connectivity levels. These results define normal peri-anesthetic changes in resting state connectivity in healthy older adults.

scholarly journals Presurgical Evaluation of Epilepsy Using Resting-State MEG Functional Connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Xu ◽  
Wei Shan ◽  
Jing Qi ◽  
Jianping Wu ◽  
Qun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Electrophysiological Recording ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Presurgical Evaluation ◽  
Resting State Connectivity ◽  
The Brain

Epilepsy is caused by abnormal electrical discharges (clinically identified by electrophysiological recording) in a specific part of the brain [originating in only one part of the brain, namely, the epileptogenic zone (EZ)]. Epilepsy is now defined as an archetypical hyperexcited neural network disorder. It can be investigated through the network analysis of interictal discharges, ictal discharges, and resting-state functional connectivity. Currently, there is an increasing interest in embedding resting-state connectivity analysis into the preoperative evaluation of epilepsy. Among the various neuroimaging technologies employed to achieve brain functional networks, magnetoencephalography (MEG) with the excellent temporal resolution is an ideal tool for estimating the resting-state connectivity between brain regions, which can reveal network abnormalities in epilepsy. What value does MEG resting-state functional connectivity offer for epileptic presurgical evaluation? Regarding this topic, this paper introduced the origin of MEG and the workflow of constructing source–space functional connectivity based on MEG signals. Resting-state functional connectivity abnormalities correlate with epileptogenic networks, which are defined by the brain regions involved in the production and propagation of epileptic activities. This paper reviewed the evidence of altered epileptic connectivity based on low- or high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and the evidence of the advantage of using simultaneous MEG and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings. More importantly, this review highlighted that MEG-based resting-state functional connectivity has the potential to predict postsurgical outcomes. In conclusion, resting-state MEG functional connectivity has made a substantial progress toward serving as a candidate biomarker included in epileptic presurgical evaluations.

The impact of childhood trauma on thalamic functional connectivity in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Minyi Chu ◽  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Qiumeng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Childhood trauma is a vulnerability factor for the development of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Empirical findings suggest that trauma-related alterations in brain networks, especially in thalamus-related regions, have been observed in OCD patients. However, the relationship between childhood trauma and thalamic connectivity in patients with OCD remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the impact of childhood trauma on thalamic functional connectivity in OCD patients. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging resting-state scans were acquired in 79 patients with OCD, including 22 patients with a high level of childhood trauma (OCD_HCT), 57 patients with a low level of childhood trauma (OCD_LCT) and 47 healthy controls. Seven thalamic subdivisions were chosen as regions of interest (ROIs) to examine the group difference in thalamic ROIs and whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). Results We found significantly decreased caudate-thalamic rsFC in OCD patients as a whole group and also in OCD_LCT patients, compared with healthy controls. However, OCD_HCT patients exhibited increased thalamic rsFC with the prefrontal cortex when compared with both OCD_LCT patients and healthy controls. Conclusions Taken together, OCD patients with high and low levels of childhood trauma exhibit different pathological alterations in thalamic rsFC, suggesting that childhood trauma may be a predisposing factor for some OCD patients.

The impact of genetic variation in comt and bdnf on resting-state functional connectivity

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Hwan Jang ◽  
Je-Yeon Yun ◽  
Wi Hoon Jung ◽  
Geumsook Shim ◽  
Min Soo Byun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Cerebello-cerebral Functional Connectivity Networks in Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 Study Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheeba Arnold Anteraper ◽  
Xavier Guell ◽  
Yoon Ji Lee ◽  
Jovicarole Raya ◽  
Ilya Demchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Motor Processing ◽  
And Function

Objective: Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated aberrant structure and function of the "cognitive-affective cerebellum" in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although the specific role of the cerebello-cerebral circuitry in this population remains largely uninvestigated. The objective of this study was to delineate the role of cerebellar functional networks in depression. Methods: A total of 308 unmedicated participants completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, of which 247 (148 MDD; 99 Healthy Controls, HC) were suitable for this study. Seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (RsFc) analysis was performed using three cerebellar regions of interest (ROIs): ROI1 corresponded to default mode network (DMN) / inattentive processing; ROI2 corresponded to attentional networks including frontoparietal, dorsal attention, and ventral attention; ROI3 corresponded to motor processing. These ROIs were delineated based on prior functional gradient analyses of the cerebellum. A general linear model was used to perform within-group and between-group comparisons. Results: In comparison to HC, participants with MDD displayed increased RsFc within the cerebello-cerebral DMN (ROI1) and significantly elevated RsFc between the cerebellar ROI1 and bilateral angular gyrus at a voxel threshold (p < 0.001, two-tailed) and at a cluster level (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected). Group differences were non-significant for ROI2 and ROI3. Conclusions: These results contribute to the development of a systems neuroscience approach to the diagnosis and treatment of MDD. Specifically, our findings confirm previously reported associations between MDD, DMN, and cerebellum, and highlight the promising role of these functional and anatomical locations for the development of novel imaging-based biomarkers and targets for neuromodulation therapies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document