scholarly journals Adiposity Alters Follicle Dynamics in Women of Reproductive Age With Regular Menstrual Cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A728-A728
Author(s):  
Alexis Oldfield ◽  
Brittany Y Jarrett ◽  
Faith Carter ◽  
Heidi Vanden Brink ◽  
Marla Elaine Lujan
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Grid Method ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Obesity increases a woman’s likelihood of experiencing adverse reproductive health outcomes, including menstrual cycle irregularity, anovulation, and luteal phase dysfunction. Despite a heightened risk of reproductive dysfunction some women with obesity display ovulatory cyclicity. The degree to which adiposity affects menstrual cycle characteristics in this population is limited to endocrine assessments; evidence supports decreased luteinizing hormone pulse amplitude and reduced luteal phase progesterone. However, these endocrine disruptions have not been linked to alterations in follicular events. The objectives of the present analysis were to evaluate longitudinal changes in follicle size populations and growth kinetics of selectable follicles (6-9mm) and identify endocrine abnormalities associated with obesity in regular cycles. 14 non-obese women (BMI <30 kg/m2) and 15 obese women (BMI≥ 30 kg/m2) with regular cycles were evaluated by serial ovarian transvaginal ultrasonography and venipuncture every-other-day for one complete inter-ovulatory interval (IOI). The number and diameters of all follicles ≥2 mm at each visit were documented offline using the grid method. Growth profiles of individual follicles which grew to >7mm were assessed using the Identity Method. Diagnostic, morphologic, and endocrine features were compared across groups using parametric and non-parametric t-tests (i.e. cross-sectional features) and mixed models (i.e. longitudinal features). Non-obese and obese women with regular cycles showed similar IOI, follicular phase, and luteal phase lengths. The mean number of recruitment events, maximum dominant follicle diameter, and the growth rates of ovulatory follicles over time did not differ between groups, despite confirmation of compromised mean luteal progesterone production (8.23 ng/mL vs. 14.75 ng/mL, p=0.047) and decreased mean luteal FSH levels in women with obesity (2.33 mIU/mL vs. 5.83 mIU/mL, p=0.040). Over the IOI women with obesity showed an increased proportion of 2-5 mm follicles (β=5.3%; p<0.05) and a decreased proportion of 6-9mm follicles (β=-5.0%; p=0.05) versus non-obese women consistent with fewer follicles transitioning from the 2-5 mm pool to the selectable stage. This is the first comparison of follicle dynamics between non-obese and obese women with regular ovulatory cycles. These data suggest that a smaller pool of selectable follicles is present in women with obesity and may result in suboptimal follicle development luteal function. Future studies are needed to understand the impact of altered follicle populations and luteal hormone dynamics on endometrial receptivity and fertility/fecundity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Menstrual Abnormalities—a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 4505-4509
Author(s):  
Anna Różańska-Walędziak ◽  
Paweł Bartnik ◽  
Joanna Kacperczyk-Bartnik ◽  
Krzysztof Czajkowski ◽  
Maciej Walędziak
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Obesity is associated with hyperestrogenism along with other hormonal abnormalities affecting the menstrual cycle. The most effective and decisive method of obesity treatment is bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of bariatric surgery on menstrual cycle, the incidence of menstrual abnormalities, hyperandrogenism manifestation, and contraception use. Materials and Methods It was a cross-sectional study of 515 pre-menopausal women who had undergone bariatric surgery between 1999 and 2017 in a bariatric center. Data was collected via anonymous questionnaire, and the questions covered a 1-year period before the surgery and the last year before questionnaire completion. Results Before the surgery, 38.6% of the patients reported irregular menstruations in comparison with 25.0% after bariatric surgery (RR = 0.65; 95%CI 0.53–0.79). The mean number of menstruations per year did not differ before and after surgery (10.2 ± 3.9 vs 10.4 ± 3.3; p < .45). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of prolonged menstruations, acne, and hirsutism prevalence. A total of 14.4% of patients before surgery reported estrogen-based contraception use in comparison with 15.0% after the surgery (p < .95). There were no significant differences in the frequency of OC use (11.0% before surgery vs 13.6% 12 months after the surgery vs 11.5% at the moment of survey administration; p < 0.46). Conclusion Bariatric surgery improves the regularity of the menstrual cycle in obese women in reproductive age. The lack of any changes in the combined hormonal contraception (CHC) use, especially OC, before and after bariatric surgery may be a result of a possibly low level of contraception counseling.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA HIPERTENSI DENGAN PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME PADA WANITA USIA REPRODUKTIF

Biomedika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhim Rahmawati ◽  
Retno Siryaningsih ◽  
Safari Wahyu Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Physical Disturbance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a cycle disorder which is commonly occured during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and will dissapear at the time of menstruation. Ninety percent of women on reproductive ages experience symptomps of PMS and 10% of them experience severe premenstrual symptomps that cuse physical disturbance, medical care necessity, even worst death. Hypertension is a risk factor for a PMS. The aim of this research is to find out a conection between PMS and hypertension. This research was designated using analytic observational with cross sectional approach. We used purposive sampling to get sample. Based on sample formula, we got 104 respondents which is consist of 52 women with hypertension and 52 women normotensive. To obtain data, we used shortened premenstrual syndrome assesment form (SPAF). Data collected were analyzed by chi square test. The result showed that the value of p = 0.00 (p<0.005). This result indicated that there is a conection between hypertension and PMS occurence in reproductive age. The probability of hypertension women to get PMS is 6.75.Keywords: Hypertension, Premenstrual Syndrome, reproductive age

scholarly journals Modulation of Platelet Functions Assessment during Menstruation and Ovulatory Phases

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Faisal Alzahrani ◽  
◽  
◽  
Fathelrahman Hassan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Platelet Functions

During menstruation, endometrial hemostasis is achieved by platelet aggregation, fibrin deposition, and thrombus formation that interact with local endocrine and immunological factors which cause termination of menstrual bleeding. Interactions between steroidal sex hormones and platelet functions are not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of platelet function during the menstrual cycle and luteal phase in women of reproductive age. The cross-sectional study on women of reproductive age included 44 healthy women. Platelet function was assessed by PFA-100TM analyzer with collagen/epinephrine and collagen/ADP cartridges during the menstrual cycle and luteal phase. There were no significant differences in platelet function between menstruation and ovulatory phase. Platelet activity in Arab collagen/epinephrine cartridge increased during menstruation compared to non-Arab ethnic subjects and no significant differences in platelet function were found when using collagen/ADP cartridge. This study suggested modulation in platelet functions during menstruation and luteal phase in women of reproductive age. Further studies, including a large number of subjects, platelet genetic and progesterone factors change in platelet clotting associated to menstrual cycle should be conducted.

scholarly journals Dream Recall and Content versus the Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study in Healthy Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ioannis Ilias ◽  
Nicholas-Tiberio Economou ◽  
Anastasia Lekkou ◽  
Andrea Romigi ◽  
Eftychia Koukkou
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dream Content ◽  
Dream Recall ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Hormonal Milieu

The association between sleep and the menstrual cycle has been scarcely studied. This study aimed to investigate the association between dream recall and content and the menstrual cycle among a large sample of young women. To this aim, 944 women were asked about their day of menstrual cycle, whether they remembered the previous night’s dreams and if they did so to describe the dream content as pleasant or unpleasant. A total of 378 women recalled the previous nights’ dreams, with 199 reporting pleasant dream affect/content and 179 reporting unpleasant dream content. In women who recalled their dreams, there was an association of pleasant dream content with the luteal phase (p = 0.038). In conclusion, in women, the hormonal milieu of the luteal phase may influence dream content.

scholarly journals The impact of maternal body mass index on maternal and perinatal outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
Nishu Bhushan ◽  
Surinder Kumar ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Reema Khajuria
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
The Impact

Background: The incidence of obesity has increased to pandemic proportions over the last 20 years. Obesity is a chronic illness which is associated with metabolic disease, nutritional deficiency, musculoskeletal complications and carcinomas. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in patients with BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2 (normal), with BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and with BMI >30 kg/m2 (obese).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 singleton pregnant women with gestational age>37 weeks with cephalic presentation. The selected women were categorized into three groups of 100 each according to their BMI: Category I included normal women (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2), Category II included overweight women (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and Category III included obese women (BMI >30 kg/m2).Results: There was increased incidence of antepartum complications in obese women. The difference in the occurrence of pre-eclampsia among the three categories was statistically significant (p=0.001). Similarly, more obese women had eclampsia (5%) and gestational diabetes mellitus (6%) as compared to overweight and normal women and the difference was statistically significant in both these complications (p=0.02 for each). The risk of induction of labour was highest in obese women and so was the incidence of caesarean and instrumental deliveries and the difference was statistically significant. The difference in the onset of labour as well as mode of delivery among the three categories was statistically significant (p<0.05). In perinatal outcomes, the difference in mean birth weight of the babies among three categories was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The difference in incidence of low birth weight (<2.5 kg) as well as macrosomia (>4 kg) among babies of three BMI categories was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference in the incidence of NICU admissions was statistically significant (p=0.02).Conclusions: Obesity is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes and hence preventable steps should be taken for reducing the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Effect of increasing voluntary folic acid food fortification on dietary folate intakes and adequacy of reproductive-age women in New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1447-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E Evans ◽  
Vanessa L Mygind ◽  
Meredith C Peddie ◽  
Jody C Miller ◽  
Lisa A Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Folate ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveMandatory folic acid fortification of breads in New Zealand was put on hold in 2009. At this time, bread manufacturers were requested to adopt greater voluntary fortification and agreed to add folic acid to approximately one-third of their bread range. We sought to evaluate the impact of increased voluntary fortification of bread and the proposed mandatory fortification programme on folate intake adequacy of reproductive-age women.DesignCross-sectional study conducted in 2008. Dietary data were collected using 3 d weighed food records and usual folate intakes were generated by modifying the food composition table as follows: (i) voluntary fortification of bread as of 2008 (six breads); (ii) increased voluntary fortification of bread as of 2011 (thirty-four breads); and (iii) mandatory fortification of all breads. The prevalence of inadequate folate intake was calculated for all three scenarios using the Estimated Average Requirement (320 μg dietary folate equivalents/d) cut-point method.SettingNew Zealand.SubjectsHealthy non-pregnant women (n 125) aged 18–40 years.ResultsUsual folate intake in 2008 was 362 μg dietary folate equivalents/d. Increased voluntary bread fortification led to a marginal increase in folate intakes (394 μg dietary folate equivalents/d) and a decline in inadequacy from 37 % to 29 %. Mandatory fortification resulted in an increase of 89 μg folic acid/d, which substantially shifted both the proportion of women with folic acid intakes above 100 μg/d and the distribution of overall folate intakes, producing a marked reduction in inadequacy to 5 %.ConclusionsIncreased voluntary bread fortification efforts are far inferior to mandatory fortification as a reliable public health intervention.

scholarly journals Impact of hypocaloric dietary intervention on ovulation in obese women with PCOS

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. R15-R27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Y Jarrett ◽  
Marla E Lujan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of ovulatory dysfunction affecting women of reproductive age. Obesity and insulin resistance are thought to potentiate disruptions in antral follicle development that result in chronic anovulation, and as such, have become important therapeutic targets of dietary interventions aimed at weight loss. Caloric restriction has been shown to promote sporadic ovulation in obese women with PCOS, but improvements have occurred across a wide range of patients and little has been garnered about the factors that distinguish responders from non-responders. Further, few studies have evaluated the likelihood for modest weight loss to restore normal ovulatory cyclicity in PCOS. Consensus regarding the impact of dietary intervention on ovulation has been limited by variability in the measures used to characterize and report ovulatory status across studies. In response, this review provides an assessment of the evidence surrounding the effectiveness of hypocaloric dietary intervention to normalize ovulatory function in PCOS. The impact of physiological vs methodological factors on the evaluation of ovulatory status is discussed, and recommendations to strengthen future studies in this area are provided. Ultimately, further research is needed to understand the optimal dietary or lifestyle approaches that promote ovulation and sustained improvements in reproductive function in PCOS.

scholarly journals Pulsatile secretory characteristics of allopregnanolone, a neuroactive steroid, during the menstrual cycle and in amenorrheic subjects

2002 ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Genazzani ◽  
M Luisi ◽  
B Malavasi ◽  
C Strucchi ◽  
S Luisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Neuroactive Steroid ◽  
Hypothalamic Amenorrhea ◽  
Temporal Coupling ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Hormonal Evaluation ◽  
Neuroendocrine Functions

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether allopregnanolone, a neuroactive steroid involved in modulating behavioural and neuroendocrine functions, shows episodic secretion in eumenorrheic women, during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, and in women with stress-induced amenorrhea. PATIENTS: Six eumenorrheic women and 14 women with hypothalamic amenorrhea were enrolled for the present study. METHODS: All subjects underwent hormonal evaluation in baseline conditions and a pulsatility study to determine LH, cortisol and allopregnanolone episodic release. Eumenorrheic subjects were investigated twice, in the follicular phase (days 3-7) and in the luteal phase (days 18-22) of the menstrual cycle. LH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol, phosphate, DHEA, allopregnanolone and cortisol levels were evaluated in each case. RESULTS: In healthy women, serum gonadotropin and gonadal steroid levels were significantly lower (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively) than those in amenorrheic subjects. Allopregnanolone was higher in amenorrheic subjects and during the luteal phase, compared with the follicular phase, of eumenorrheic subjects (P<0.01). Pulse analysis revealed a significant episodic discharge of allopregnanolone in all subjects (follicular phase 6.5+/-0.3 peaks/6 h and luteal phase 5.5+/-0.4 peaks/6 h, hypothalamic amenorrhea 7.0+/-0.7 peaks/6 h) with higher pulse amplitude in amenorrheic subjects and during the luteal phase compared with the follicular phase of the eumenorrheic subjects (P<0.05). Moreover, the specific concordance index demonstrated that allopregnanolone is coupled with LH only during the luteal phase of the cycle and with cortisol during both phases. Allopregnanolone-cortisol coupling was also observed in amenorrheic subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Allopregnanolone is secreted episodically. Both the ovary and adrenal glands release this steroid hormone and it shows temporal coupling with LH only during the luteal phase, with cortisol during both the studied phases of the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic women and again with cortisol in hypothalamic amenorrheic patients.

scholarly journals Reduction of Testosterone Levels in Schistosoma Haematobium or Schistosoma Mansoni Infected Men: A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Schistosomiasis-Endemic Areas of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermine BOUKENG JATSA ◽  
Ulrich MEMBE FEMOE ◽  
Calvine NOUMEDEM DONGMO ◽  
Romuald Issiaka NGASSAM KAMWA ◽  
Betrand NONO FESUH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The incidence of schistosomiasis‐induced male reproductive dysfunction and infertility is probably underestimated comparing to female genital schistosomiasis. This study aimed to investigate the impact of S. haematobium or S. mansoni infection on the reproductive function of adult men in Tibati and Wouldé, two schistosomiasis endemic areas in the Adamawa region of Cameroon.Methods: A total of 89 men in the reproductive age (range: 14 – 56 years) from two localities were enrolled in the study with 51 in Tibati and 38 in Wouldé. Each participant was submitted to a questionnaire to document data on sociodemographic and stream contact behaviors. A medical examination was performed to measure the circumference of the testes and to evaluate genital tract pathologies. Stool and urine samples were collected and screened for the presence of S. haematobium or S. mansoni ova. Blood serum was use to evaluate the level of transaminases and testosterone.Results: S. haematobium was present only in Tibati with a prevalence of 31.37%. S. mansoni prevalence was 3.92% at Tibati and 44.71% in Wouldé. The intensity of infection was 22.12 ± 9.57 eggs/10 mL for S. haematobium and 128.10 ± 3.76 epg for S. mansoni. Serum transaminases activity and the mean testicular circumference of Schistosoma-positive individuals were close to those of negative ones. The testes size was however higher in S. mansoni-positive individuals than in S. haematobium-positive ones (P < 0.05). The serum testosterone level of S. haematobium and S. mansoni-positive men was significantly reduced by 56.07% (P < 0.001) and 51.94% (P < 0.01) respectively in comparison to that of Schistosoma-negative ones. A significant and negative correlation was established between schistosomiasis and the low level of serum testosterone. Male genital tract pathologies such as scrotal abnormalities, varicocele, nodular epididymis, inguinal hernia and hydrocele were recorded in both Schistosoma-positive and Schistosoma-negative men. However, no significant link was established between schistosomiasis infection and these pathologies.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that infection with S. haematobium or S. mansoni is associated with a low production of the reproductive hormone testosterone, and may be a major cause of male infertility.

scholarly journals Current factors affecting the menstrual cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Godari Akhila ◽  
Asra Shaik ◽  
R. Dinesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Menstrual Patterns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

A regular menstrual cycle is an important indicator of a healthy reproductive system. Menstrual problems affect not only women but also families, social & national economy as well. The menstrual cycle is divided into two 14-day phases. In normal healthy women, menarche occurs between the ages 10 and 16 years, with an average rhythm of 28 days, inclusive of 4–6 days of bleeding, with some common minor variations like Amenorrhoea, Oligomenorrhoea, Polymenorrhoea, Menorrhagia, Hypomenorrhoea, etc., these menstrual disorders frequently affect the quality of life of young adults women, some of the lifestyle factors like obesity, intake of junk food, stress, lack of physical activity, skipping breakfast are associated with irregular menstruation. The purpose of this study is to identify menstrual irregularities and assess the impact of lifestyle factors and on the menstrual patterns in reproductive-age females.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document