A preliminary study of size reduction of powders in a single-vessel pharmaceutical processor

2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-253
Author(s):  
S A MacGregor ◽  
L B Newnes ◽  
M Li ◽  
J N Staniforth ◽  
M J Tobyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Final Particle ◽  
Single Vessel ◽  
Preliminary Study

The size reduction performance of a pneumatically driven single-vessel pharmaceutical processor is described. Two materials were considered, namely commercially available granular lactose (CAGL) and high-speed mixer granulator lactose (HSMGL). In both cases there is an initial phase in which the particle diameter is reduced rapidly. The rate at which the size reduction decreases is reduced with time. The final particle diameter was found to be dependent on the material being processed. In the case of CAGL, the minimum size achieved was 150 μm, while in the case of the HSMGL the final particle diameter was 100 μm.

scholarly journals Numerical Research on Performance of High-Speed Partial Emission Pump

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qingjiao Shui ◽  
Ting Jiang ◽  
Binghui Pan ◽  
Tianxing Yang ◽  
Wei Pan
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Phase Particle ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
External Characteristic ◽  
Numerical Simulation Methods ◽  
Small Flow

The high-speed partial emission pump is a small flow and high-head pump, which has been widely used. To study the main factors affecting the performance of high-speed partial emission pumps, numerical simulation methods were used to calculate the performance parameters of high-speed partial emission pumps with and without inducers, and the external characteristic parameters were verified through comparison test values. The results show that the head of the high-speed partial emission pump with inducer is nearly 15 m higher than that of the high-speed partial emission pump without inducer. Considering the influence of air in the high-speed partial emission pump on the working performance, the two-phase flow with different flow rates, different particle sizes, and different concentrations was calculated, and the different liquid phase distributions, liquid phase velocity vector diagrams, and external characteristic curve were compared. The results show that under the same flow condition, the gas-phase particle diameter has the most severe influence on the external characteristic.

scholarly journals Research on the Deposition Characteristics of Integrated Prefabricated Pumping Station

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jianbin Hu ◽  
Houlin Liu ◽  
Zixu Zhang ◽  
Li Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Pump Operation ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
The Right

Based on the discrete phase model (DPM) solid–liquid two-phase flow model and MATLAB image processing technology, an integrated prefabricated pumping station was taken as the research object to study deposition characteristics under different flow rates, different particle diameters, and different liquid levels. Considering the incomplete symmetry of the internal flow of the prefabricated pumping station, deposition characteristics of the prefabricated pumping station under single/double pumps were also analyzed. Double pumps were symmetrically distributed in the integrated prefabricated pump station, and the movement trajectories of particles at the bottom of the pump pit under the closing inlet valve were measured through the use of a high-speed photography experiment. Results showed that with the increase of the flow rate, the deposition rate of the separated prefabricated pumping station decreased. With an increase of the particle diameter, the movement of particles was farther away from the vertical barrier weir. In the range of particle diameter of 6 to 10 mm, the deposition rate decreased with the increase of the particle diameter. With the increase of the liquid level, the deposition rate decreased, first, and then increased again. In the case of the single pump operation, the deposition rate of the right pump operation was smaller than that of the left pump operation. The variation of the deposition rate when the right pump operated was basically the same as that when the dual pumps operated. The movement path of particle N1 was longer. With the decrease of the flow rate and the increase of the particle diameter, the following feature of the particle decreased, and it was easier to impact the walls and edges, which caused long-term deposition. The research results could provide some suggestions for the design of anti-deposition performance of prefabricated pumping station.

Measurement of Three-Dimensional Particle Distribution by Tomographic Digital Holography

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Tani ◽  
Yohsuke Tanaka ◽  
Shigeru Murata
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Matching ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Digital Holography ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Calibration Device ◽  
Calibration Accuracy ◽  
Static Flow

This paper presents a measurement of three-dimensional particle distribution by tomographic digital holography. Holographic patterns of particles (particle Reynolds number Rep=0.79, average diameter dp=73.5 μm) settling in a static flow were recorded by two high speed cameras orthogonal to each other. Cameras were calibrated by a proposed method using a calibration device and a pattern matching. The calibration accuracy of the method is within 0.34 times of particle diameter.

A Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Initial Velocity and Temperature Lag on the Flow of a Gas-Solid Suspension through a Convergent-Divergent Nozzle

1975 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-382
Author(s):  
F. R. Mobbs ◽  
M. R. Baum ◽  
B. N. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Initial Velocity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Solid Mixture ◽  
Solids Loading ◽  
Speed Flow ◽  
Area Variation ◽  
Kinetic Energy Transfer

The effects of initial velocity and temperature lags between the solid particles and the gas in the high speed flow of a gas-solid mixture through a convergent-divergent nozzle are investigated. The results are interpreted physically in terms of the relative importance of heat, momentum, and kinetic energy transfer between the solid particles and the gas, and nozzle area variation. The influences of solids loading, solids specific heat, solids density and particle diameter on the flow process are also examined.

Characterization of Superheated Liquid Jet Atomisation With Phase Doppler Anemometer (PDA) and High-Speed Imaging

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Yildiz ◽  
Patrick Rambaud ◽  
Jeroen van Beeck ◽  
Jean-Marie Buchlin
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Superheated Liquid ◽  
High Speed Imaging ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Doppler Anemometer ◽  
Geometrical Effects ◽  
Initial Storage

A flashing phenomenon is often met in liquid propulsion of safety fields in industrial environments. This violent evaporation occurs when a liquid finds itself suddenly in a thermodynamic non-equilibrium and becomes superheated. To investigate theoretically the source processes and validate models for design and safety assessments, knowledge of accurate and reliable data such as distribution of droplet size, velocity and temperature in the closest field of flashing occurrence is mandatory. In this present work, an experimental study is undertaken in order to characterize the two-phase jet after a sudden accidental release and aims to quantify the effects of initial conditions such as initial storage pressure, temperature, geometrical effects of the release points etc on the spray characteristics. To fulfil this goal, a laser-based optical technique like Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) is used to obtain information for particle diameter and velocity evolution in this harsh environment. Cases for different initial pressures, temperatures and orifice diameters are studied and the droplet size and velocity evolution are presented in function of initial parameters.

High speed vocal fold imaging using smartphone-based laryngoscope: A preliminary study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
YoungKyu Kim ◽  
Jeongmin Oh ◽  
Seung-ho Choi ◽  
Ah Ra Jung ◽  
Yoon Se Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Preliminary Study

Mechanics of Immersed Particle Collisions

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Zenit ◽  
Melany L. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Stokes Number ◽  
Elastic Collision ◽  
Initial Kinetic Energy ◽  
Fluid Inertia ◽  
Particle Collisions

The present work investigates the mechanics of particle collisions submerged in a liquid using a simple pendulum experiment. Particle trajectories for different particles in water are measured using a high-speed digital camera and the magnitude of the collision is recorded using a high-frequency-response pressure transducer at the colliding surface. The particle deceleration occurs at distances less than half a particle diameter from the wall. The measured collision impulse increases with impact velocity and particle mass. Comparisons are drawn between the measured pressures and the predictions of basic impact mechanics assuming a perfectly elastic collision. A control-volume model is proposed that accounts for the fluid inertia and viscosity. When a particle approaches a planar surface or another particle, the fluid is squeezed prior to contact, reducing the initial kinetic energy and decelerating the particle. The pressure profile is integrated over the surface of the particle to obtain a force that is a function of the initial particle Reynolds number, Reo, and the ratio of the densities of the particle and fluid phases, ρp/ρf. The model predicts a critical Stokes number at which the particle reaches the wall with zero velocity. Comparisons between the proposed model and the experimental measurements show qualitative agreement.

Preliminary Study on Stability Parameters of Semi-Displacement Ships

2018 ◽  
Vol 874 ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Wolter R. Hetharia
Keyword(s):  
Froude Number ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stability Evaluation ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Weather Criterion ◽  
Engine Power

Semi-displacement passenger ships operate at the speed range of 19 to 23 knots or Froude number Fn of 0.50 to 0.75. Those ships need higher engine power to maintain their speeds. The efforts should be made to minimize their higher engine powers. Most experts worked to minimize the engine power for most merchant ships. In their works, the initial metacentric (GMO) at departure condition was taken as constraint to represent stability parameters. However, this is not a general case for semi-displacement passenger ships. In this study, a parent semi-displacement passenger was designed and modified. Stability parameters were computed and evaluated as required by the rules IMO-HSC. In addition, one existing high speed passenger ship was evaluated for stability evaluation as reference also. It was found that the stability parameters at large angles of inclination such as: weather criterion, angle of GZmaxand others are more critical compared to GM0. Also, the stability parameters when ship is at arrival condition are more critical compared to those at departure condition. The study resumed that the application of criterion GM0≥ 0.15 m at optimization process of semi-displacement passenger ships should be considered again for the future.

scholarly journals An assessment of the feasibility of using skirt containment boom together with paravanes for offshore response

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Current Speed ◽  
Southampton Water ◽  
Single Vessel ◽  
Tier 1 ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Offshore Operations

Abstract The use of conventional offshore containment boom is a recognised way of containing and recovering oil spilt at sea. However, there are various operational and logistical challenges with their use. One of the largest being that their containment becomes ineffective when towed through the water at speeds of greater than 0.75 knots. Containment and collection of oil using high speed systems allows for greater tow speeds (2–3 knots) without failure and can be operated with a paravane as a single ship system. Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL) have had numerous requests from its members to supply offshore containment and recovery systems suitable for a single vessel deployment. The reason for this was to help with the challenges of low availability of vessels suitable for offshore operations and to reduce high costs. OSRL have used manufacturers guidance to advise its members on the best options however wished to have its own data to further support this guidance and provide user-validated recommendations to its members. OSRL have investigated the viability of using a paravane with a conventional offshore boom using field tests. These tests focused on vessel tow speed, current speed, boom containment effectiveness and encounter area. A number of deployments were carried out using conventional inflation boom and a medium sized paravane in Southampton Water, UK in 2018 (Figure 1). Observations were gathered to identify the point of boom failure when towed at different speeds and whether a suitable encounter area could be achieved. This poster will provide the detail on the feasibility of towing a conventional offshore boom with a single vessel and paravane, see boom configuration in Figure 2. It will outline specifications and parameters which make for a successful / unsuccessful deployment of conventional boom with paravane and provide recommendations for Tier 1 single vessel deployment equipment.

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