scholarly journals Meet the Press: How Voters and Politicians Respond to Newspaper Entry and Exit

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Drago ◽  
Tommaso Nannicini ◽  
Francesco Sobbrio
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Government ◽  
Electoral Participation ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
The Press ◽  
Political Selection ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Government Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of

This paper uses an original dataset covering the presence of local news in medium-large Italian cities in the period 1993–2010 to evaluate the effects of newspaper entry and exit on electoral participation, political selection, and government efficiency. Exploiting discrete changes in the number of newspapers, we show that newspaper entry increases turnout in municipal elections, the reelection probability of the incumbent mayor, and the efficiency of the municipal government. We do not find any effect on the selection of politicians. Competition plays a relevant role, as the effects are not limited to the first newspaper entry. (JEL D72, L11, L82)

Business processes in the insurance company: The method of operation through separating the key areas of activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1269-1290
Author(s):  
A.A. Turgaeva
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Selection Of

Subject. This article analyzes the business processes in the insurance company, using the method of their operation with the selection of key areas of activity. Objectives. The article aims to describe certain business processes in insurance, highlighting participants, lines of activity, and the sequence of procedures. It analyzes the business process Settlement of Losses, which is one of the significant business processes in the insurance company. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of induction and deduction, analogy, and the systems approach. Results. Based on the analysis and description of business processes in the insurance company and the identification of key elements and steps in terms of the effectiveness of decisions, the article identifies the checkpoints of Entry and Exit, activity direction, and resources of the Settlement of Losses process. Conclusions. The application of the categories that split business processes makes it possible to develop step regulation for all processes and acceptable control procedures for different operations. The presented checkpoints at different steps of the business process will help identify weaknesses and eliminate them by re-checking the point.

scholarly journals Presenting a Semi-Automatic, Statistically-Based Approach to Assess the Sharpness Level of Optical Images from Natural Targets via the Edge Method. Case Study: The Landsat 8 OLI–L1T Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1593
Author(s):  
Luca Cenci ◽  
Valerio Pampanoni ◽  
Giovanni Laneve ◽  
Carla Santella ◽  
Valentina Boccia
Keyword(s):  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Image Sharpness ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Data Quality Assessment ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Edge Method ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Statistical Criteria

Developing reliable methodologies of data quality assessment is of paramount importance for maximizing the exploitation of Earth observation (EO) products. Among the different factors influencing EO optical image quality, sharpness has a relevant role. When implementing on-orbit approaches of sharpness assessment, such as the edge method, a crucial step that strongly affects the final results is the selection of suitable edges to use for the analysis. Within this context, this paper aims at proposing a semi-automatic, statistically-based edge method (SaSbEM) that exploits edges extracted from natural targets easily and largely available on Earth: agricultural fields. For each image that is analyzed, SaSbEM detects numerous suitable edges (e.g., dozens-hundreds) characterized by specific geometrical and statistical criteria. This guarantees the repeatability and reliability of the analysis. Then, it implements a standard edge method to assess the sharpness level of each edge. Finally, it performs a statistical analysis of the results to have a robust characterization of the image sharpness level and its uncertainty. The method was validated by using Landsat 8 L1T products. Results proved that: SaSbEM is capable of performing a reliable and repeatable sharpness assessment; Landsat 8 L1T data are characterized by very good sharpness performance.

Hot off the press

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-681
Author(s):  
Robert A. Hill ◽  
Andrew Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Bioorganic Chemistry ◽  
The Press ◽  
Selection Of

A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as eurysoloid A from Eurysolen gracilis.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of cartographic presentation methods applied within small-scale thematic maps in the press and on the Internet

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Jolanta Korycka-Skorupa
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
The Press ◽  
Presentation Methods ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The author discuss effectiveness of cartographic presentations. The article includes opinions of cartographers regarding effectiveness, readability and efficiency of a map. It reminds the principles of map graphic design in order to verify them using examples of small-scale thematic maps. The following questions have been asked: Is the map effective? Why is the map effective? How do cartographic presentation methods affect effectiveness of the cartographic message? What else can influence effectiveness of a map? Each graphic presentation should be effective, as its purpose is to complete written word, draw the recipients’ attention, make text more readable, expose the most important information. Such a significant role of graphics results in the fact that graphic presentations (maps, diagrams) require proper preparation. Users need to have a chance to understand the graphics language in order to draw correct conclusions about the presented phenomenon. Graphics should demonstrate the most important elements, some tendencies, and directions of changes. It should generalize and present a given subject from a slightly different perspective. There are numerous examples of well-edited and poorly edited small-scale thematic maps. They include maps, which are impossible to interpret correctly. They are burdened with methodological defects and they cannot fulfill their task. Cartography practice indicates that the principles related to graphic design of cartographic presentation are frequently omitted during the process of developing small-scale thematic maps used – among others – in the press and on the Internet. The purpose of such presentations is to quickly interpret them. On such maps editors’ problems with the selection of an appropriate symbol and graphic variable (fig. 1A, 9B) are visible. Sometimes they use symbols which are not sufficiently distinguishable nor demonstrative (fig. 11), it does not increase their readability. Sometime authors try too hard to reflect presented phenomenon and therefore the map becomes more difficult to interpret (fig. 4A,B). The lack of graphic sense resulting in the lack of graphic balance and aesthetics constitutes a weak point of numerous cartographic presentations (fig. 13). Effectiveness of cartographic presentations consists of knowledge and skills of the map editor, as well as the recipients’ perception capabilities and their readiness to read and interpret maps. The qualifications of the map editor should include methodological qualifications supported by the knowledge of the principles for cartographic symbol design, as well as relevant technical qualifications, which allow to properly use the tools to edit a map. Maps facilitate the understanding of texts they accompany and they present relationships between phenomenon better than texts, appealing to the senses.

Selection of the optimal hydraulic drive for the press

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
A.A. Antsifirov ◽  
V.A. Krivoshein
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Topological Model ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
The Press ◽  
Selection Of

The research presented in the article is devoted to the selection of the electric motor of the hydraulic press drive with a nominal force of 5MN. The article presents the main characteristics and the description of the press operation using the means of mechanization of the technological process of pressure treatment. Using the Deform-3D software package, the process of stamping the crosspiece of the ZIL-130 cardan shaft was simulated. Based on the presented hydraulic scheme of the press, its topological model was formed in the PA-9 software package. The deformation force obtained in the course of modeling the technological process of stamping was used in the topological model of the press. Using a tabular cyclogram, the sequence of actuation of the end switches and hydraulic distributors during the stamping process is shown. In the article, two variants of engine operation were analyzed. Based on the results of the conducted research, it is necessary to focus on the second version of the 55 kW engine, the operation of which will provide the required characteristics of the hydraulic drive of the press, which in turn will allow for technological stamping operations. The simulation tools allow providing estimated information when selecting the necessary tools to ensure the optimal characteristics of hydraulic press drives. The article considered the variation of electric motors that differ from each other in nominal characteristics, with constant characteristics of the pump. For more accurate estimates of energy savings during the operation of the hydraulic drive, it is necessary to vary the characteristics of the pump in the simulation, and the best option is to form an experiment planning matrix when combining the characteristics of the electric motor and the hydraulic pump. This approach ultimately allows forming a function for which one can select a hydraulic drive from existing brands of electric motors and hydraulic pumps for presses of the corresponding range of nominal force.

scholarly journals Analisis Metode K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) Dan Naive Bayes Dalam Memprediksi Kelulusan Mahasiswa

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Kartarina Kartarina ◽  
Ni Ketut Sriwinarti ◽  
Ni luh Putu Juniarti
Keyword(s):  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Bayes Method ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Bayes Methods ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Student Graduation ◽  
Selection Of

In this research the author aims to apply the K-NN and Naive Bayes algorithms for predicting student graduation rates at Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata (STP) Mataram, The comparison of these two methods was carried out because based on several previous studies it was found that K-NN and Naive Bayes are well-known classification methods with a good level of accuracy. But which one has a better accuracy rate than the two algorithms, that's what researchers are trying to do. The output of this application is in the form of information on the prediction of student graduation, whether to graduate on time or not on time. The selection of STP as the research location was carried out because of the imbalance between the entry and exit of students who had completed their studies. Students who enter have a large number, but students who graduate on time according to the provisions are far very small, resulting in accumulation of the high number of students in each period of graduation, so it takes the initial predictions to quickly overcome these problems. Based on the results of designing, implementing, testing, and testing the Student Graduation Prediction Application program using the K-NN and Naive Bayes Methods with the Cross Validation method, the result is an accuracy for the K-NN method of 96.18% and for the Naive Bayes method an accuracy of 91.94% with using the RapideMiner accuracy test. So based on the results of the two tests between the K-NN and Naive Bayes methods which produce the highest accuracy, namely the K-NN method with an accuracy of 96.18%. So it can be concluded that the K-NN method is more feasible to use to predict student graduation

scholarly journals Mecanismos de representación y control social en dos sociedades coloniales: Filipinas y Vietnam en perspectiva comparadaPolitical representation and social control mechanisms in two colonial societies: the Spanish Philippines and French Indochina in comparative perspective

2017 ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Inarejos Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The Political ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Selection Of

RESUMENEn este artículo se plantea un análisis comparativo de los mecanismos de representación política y control social implantados en dos sociedades coloniales: las Filipinas españolas y la Indochina francesa. Este tema forma parte de una investigación más amplia centrada en la selección de las élites locales filipinas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y los proyectos de reforma de los sistemas de representación local vietnamita bajo dominio colonial francés. Se trazan en clave comparativa las principales similitudes y diferencias con los mecanismos de representación y control social desplegados en ambos escenarios, aspectos claves a la hora de comprender las razones que determinaron el final de ambas experiencias coloniales en el sudeste asiático.PALABRAS CLAVE: Filipinas, Indochina, colonialismo, elecciones locales, podermunicipal.ABSTRACTThis study presents a comparative analysis of the political representation and socialcontrol implemented in two colonial societies: the Spanish Philippines and French Indochina. This topic is part of a broader study focused on the selection of the native elite in the Spanish Philippines in the nineteenth century and on the projects to reform local representation in French Indochina. The main similarities and differences in the representation and social control mechanisms in both scenarios are described as they are key aspects when it comes to understanding the end of these two colonial experiences in South East Asia. This diverse tool kit included the political use of productive resources, individual conduct reports, the development of clientelist networks, the manipulation of religious beliefs, abuse and repression.KEY WORDS: Philippines, Indochina, colonialism, municipal elections, local power.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of the gyrA and gyrB Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Clostridium difficile Mutants Selected In Vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 2463-2468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Spigaglia ◽  
Fabrizio Barbanti ◽  
Thomas Louie ◽  
Frédéric Barbut ◽  
Paola Mastrantonio
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Toxin B ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Vitro Development ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluoroquinolones represents a risk factor for the development of Clostridium difficile infections and that the acquisition of resistance to the newer fluoroquinolones is the major reason facilitating wide dissemination. In particular, moxifloxacin (MX) and levofloxacin (LE) have been recently associated with outbreaks caused by the C. difficile toxinotype III/PCR ribotype 027/pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type NAP1 strain. In this study, we evaluated the potential of MX and LE in the in vitro development of fluoroquinolone resistance mediated by GyrA and GyrB alterations. Resistant mutants were obtained from five C. difficile parent strains, susceptible to MX, LE, and gatifloxacin (GA) and belonging to different toxinotypes, by selection in the presence of increasing concentrations of MX and LE. Stable mutants showing substitutions in GyrA and/or GyrB were obtained from the parent strains after selection by both antibiotics. Mutants had MICs ranging from 8 to 128 μg/ml for MX, from 8 to 256 μg/ml for LE, and from 1.5 to ≥32 μg/ml for GA. The frequency of mutation ranged from 3.8 × 10−6 to 6.6 × 10−5 for MX and from 1.0 × 10−6 to 2.4 × 10−5 for LE. In total, six different substitutions in GyrA and five in GyrB were observed in this study. The majority of these substitutions has already been described for clinical isolates or has occurred at positions known to be involved in fluoroquinolone resistance. In particular, the substitution Thr82 to Ile in GyrA, the most common found in resistant C. difficile clinical isolates, was observed after selection with LE, whereas the substitution Asp426 to Val in GyrB, recently described in toxin A-negative/toxin B-positive epidemic strains, was observed after selection with MX. Interestingly, a reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones was observed in colonies isolated after the first and second steps of selection by both MX and LE, with no substitution in GyrA or GyrB. The results suggest a relevant role of fluoroquinolones in the emergence and selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant C. difficile strains also in vivo.

PP414 Improving The Accessibility Of Scottish Medicines Consortium Advice

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
Miranda Pierre ◽  
Jackie McCormack ◽  
Jennifer Dickson ◽  
Lindsay Lockhart ◽  
Noreen Downes
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
User Perspective ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Healthcare Improvement ◽  
The Press ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Selection Of

IntroductionThe Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) provides advice on which new medicines should be accepted for routine use by the NHS in Scotland. To help increase the accessibility of the advice, SMC produces public information summaries, which have been published on the SMC website since 2018. We conducted an evaluation to investigate if the public summaries are achieving their purpose and subsequently help inform improvements from a user perspective. The objectives were to determine how the public summaries are being used; what users like and what could be improved; and if they have achieved a greater understanding of decisions.MethodsThe first stage of the evaluation involved surveying patient groups (organizations that represent the interests of patients, families and carers) to investigate how they use the public summaries. We then conducted workshops with patient groups and Public Partners (members of the public that volunteer with Healthcare Improvement Scotland) to gather perspectives on the content, language and layout of a selection of public summaries.ResultsThe survey responses (n = 14) illustrate that the public summaries are being used in a variety of ways. The majority (n = 10) of patient groups reported using the public summaries to help explain SMC decisions to the people they support.The workshops highlighted that participants found the public summaries clear and helpful. In general, patient groups felt the level of detail and language used in the public summaries improved their understanding of SMC decisions compared to other sources of information, such as the press release or Detailed Advice Document.There were a number of suggested improvements, including changing the layout (so the SMC decision appears first) and providing definitions for some technical terms. Where actionable, these recommendations have been implemented.ConclusionsWorking in partnership with patient groups and Public Partners has enabled SMC to further strengthen public summaries, and patient engagement more broadly. Improvements have ensured that SMC's decisions are communicated clearly, helping to increase accessibility.

Election by Community Consensus: Effects on Political Selection and Governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Ashna Arora
Keyword(s):  
Secret Ballot ◽  
Village Level ◽  
Local Elite ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Political Selection ◽  
Selection Of

This paper evaluates the effects of encouraging the selection of local politicians in India via community consensus, as opposed to a secret ballot election. Using village-level data on candidates, elected politicians, government budgets, and workfare employment, I show that incentives for consensus elections lead to politicians that are more educated but less likely to be drawn from historically marginalized castes, and increase how regressively workfare employment is targeted. These results are supported by qualitative evidence that shows that consensus elections are prone to capture by the local elite, which may reduce the need for clientelistic transfers to the non-elite.

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