Symposium on the State and Economic Development

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranab Bardhan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin American ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
State Action ◽  
South Korean ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Role Of The State

The role of the state in economic development is one of the oldest topics in economics, yet controversies rage with similar passion and camps are divided on lines today broadly similar to the early writings. Though the authors of the papers in this symposium present different views, they all refuse to pose the question as a simple choice between the market mechanism and state intervention. Larry Westphal and Albert Fishlow evaluate the South Korean and the Latin American experience, respectively, in their essential complexity. Mrinal Datta-Chaudhuri draws upon a comparative study of the Indian and East Asian cases to bring out the contradictions and complementaries in the relationship between the state and the economy. Anne Krueger's paper reflects on how the comparative advantages and disadvantages of state action flow from its organizational and incentive characteristics.

scholarly journals Discontinuous continuity: Structural change and its (divergent) meanings in Latin American structuralism and neo-structuralism

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (80) ◽  
pp. 445-469
Author(s):  
Emilia Ormaechea ◽  
Víctor Ramiro Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Latin American ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Role Of The State

This paper analyses the continuities and discontinuities regarding the concept of structural change in Latin American structuralism and neo-structuralism and considers the global context in which these ideas and their variations are produced. In this sense, the transformations of capitalism from 1950 onwards are taken into account as are the diagnoses and strategies promoted by the ECLAC to ultimately achieve structural change through structuralism and neo-structuralism. How the role of the state is conceived in each of these contexts and the consequences derived from state intervention to promote the structural change are also analysed.

The State and Economic Development in India 1890—1947: The Case of Oil

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Commodity Export ◽  
The Government

The role of the State in promoting Indian economic development in the nineteenth century is one of several aspects of modern Indian economic history which have been ‘re-interpreted’ in recent years. The conventional wisdom once portrayed the policy of the British government in India as one essentially geared to serving British economic interests. By means of ‘discriminatory interventionism’ in economic affairs, it was argued, the Government encouraged the development of a primary commodity export economy, with all its attendant defects, in India. However, over the last two decades the reputation of the Government of India has undergone a rather noticeable transformation. Economic imperialists became, first, benevolent nightwatchmen, and then ‘development-orientated’ officials formulating an embryonic unbalanced growth model for Indian development. Parallel with this improvement in the Government of India's reputation has been a deterioration in the economic reputations of certain other governments in nineteenth-century developing economies, governments whose performances used to be favourably compared with that of the British in India. In the cases of Japan and Tsarist Russia, for instance, both the extent and effectiveness of State intervention in the economy has been questioned, and there has been an increasing recognition of the primacy of non-governmental factors in the economic growth of those countries. Given the ideological and organizational parameters limiting the range of possible activity by any nineteenth century government in its economy, the performance of governments in other developing countries of the period, and the political constraints imposed by being a subordinate section of a world-wide Empire, it is no longer possible regard the actions of British officials in India as wicked, and many would now regard them as almost respectable.

Planning for Growth and Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-53
Author(s):  
K. L. Datta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
State Governments ◽  
State Control ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State

This chapter spells out the process of Plan formulation in India since Independence, with its turns and twists, to maximize the rate of economic growth, ensure its sustainability, and improve the standard of living of the people. It delineates the change in form and content of planning from state control on economic activities to neo-liberal economic reform measures, which placed reliance on market mechanism. Describing the roles of central and state governments in the formulation of Five Year Plans, it outlines the proactive role of the state in the pre-reform period. It shows how under economic reform, the space of production and trade relinquished by the state was filled by the private sector, and the major responsibility of growth was transferred to it. It summarizes the role of planning in a market economy and indicates certain issues, which make state intervention in markets a justifiable necessity.

FISH AND SEAFOOD MARKET REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Piddubnyi ◽  
◽  
Olga Zhmuida ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

The article examines the current state of state regulation of the fish and seafood market. Legislative regulation of conditions for compliance with the quality and safety of fish products is detailed. The tasks and powers of the state regulatory bodies of the fish and seafood market are described. An important component of the effective functioning of any market, including the fish and seafood market, is the state regulation of the market environment. In Ukraine, two forms of state market regulation are used: intervention and export-import. Unfortunately, in Ukraine, the existing legal framework for state intervention in the activities of certain industries is not a guarantee of sufficiently effective activities. Accordingly, there is a need to determine the effectiveness of the role of the state in the fishing industry. State regulation of the agricultural sector is the process of influencing its development by supplementing the incentives of the market mechanism in order to obtain sustainable results of profitable activities of economic entities and create a favorable economic environment to improve their competitive roles. In accordance with the article, the legislation on fisheries and fisheries regulation is based on the Constitution of Ukraine and consists of Law of Ukraine "On Environmental Protection", Land Code of Ukraine, Water Code of Ukraine, Merchant Shipping Code of Ukraine, these regulations. State regulation of the fish and seafood market should be aimed at developing and increasing the competitiveness of the fishing industry, for which it is necessary to promote credit cooperation and market infrastructure, organization of communal wholesale agricultural markets, increase the number of living fish bases.

Peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Zenoviy Siryk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Levels

Ukraine is a unitary state, yet historically various regions, oblasts, districts, and local areas have different levels of economic development. To secure sustainable economic and social development and provide social services guaranteed by the state for each citizen according to the Constitution, the mechanism of redistribution between revenues and expenditures of oblasts, regions, and territories through the budgets of a higher level is used. The paper aims to research the peculiarities of improving interbudgetary relations in conditions of authorities’ decentralization. The paper defines the nature of interbudgetary relations. The basic and reverse subsidies to Ukraine and Lvivska oblast are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages the communities face at changing approaches to balancing local budgets are determined. Regulative documents that cover the interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the problem of local finances reforming, including the development of interbudgetary relations. The scheme of the economic interbudgetary relations system in Ukraine is developed. The ways to improve the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are suggested. The negative and positive aspects, advantages, and disadvantages of the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine require the following improvements. 1. It is necessary to avoid the complete budget alignment in the process of budgets balancing by interbudgetary transfers as the major objective. 2. The interbudgetary transfers should be distributed based on a formal approach. 3. The changes have to be introduced to the calculation of medical and educational subsidies in terms of financial standard of budget provision to avoid the money deficit for coverage of necessary expenditures. 4. There is a need to improve interbudgetary relations at the levels of districts, villages, towns, and cities of district subordination. 5. Improvement of the mechanism of targeted benefits provision, their real evaluation, and control for the use of funds.

Effectiveness of Tax Policy of Ukraine: Evidence and Economy Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Olena P. Slavkova ◽  
Oksana I Zhilinska ◽  
Maksym Palienko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
State Tax ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Tax Payments

The article deals with the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of tax policy in the country. The analysis of change of tax receipts to the state and local budgets is carried out. The role of tax payments in the economic development of the country is determined. The efficiency of the state tax policy in Ukraine is analyzed, its advantages and disadvantages are determined. The important role of tax payments in stimulating economic and social development is substantiated. The analysis of the elasticity of change of indicators of economic development of the country from the change of volume of tax receipts to the budget is carried out. The necessity of improving the existing policy of establishing, accrual, payment, and distribution of tax revenues as one of the most promising areas to stimulate economic growth is concluded. Keywords: tax policy, revenues, tax evasion, state budget, elasticity, economic development

scholarly journals Securitisation gaps: Towards ideational understandings of state weakness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Kevork Oskanian
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
State Action ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Republic

Abstract This article contributes a securitisation-based, interpretive approach to state weakness. The long-dominant positivist approaches to the phenomenon have been extensively criticised for a wide range of deficiencies. Responding to Lemay-Hébert's suggestion of a ‘Durkheimian’, ideational-interpretive approach as a possible alternative, I base my conceptualisation on Migdal's view of state weakness as emerging from a ‘state-in-society's’ contested ‘strategies of survival’. I argue that several recent developments in Securitisation Theory enable it to capture this contested ‘collective knowledge’ on the state: a move away from state-centrism, the development of a contextualised ‘sociological’ version, linkages made between securitisation and legitimacy, and the acknowledgment of ‘securitisations’ as a contested Bourdieusian field. I introduce the concept of ‘securitisation gaps’ – divergences in the security discourses and practices of state and society – as a concept aimed at capturing this contested role of the state, operationalised along two logics (reactive/substitutive) – depending on whether they emerge from securitisations of the state action or inaction – and three intensities (latent, manifest, and violent), depending on the extent to which they involve challenges to state authority. The approach is briefly illustrated through the changing securitisation gaps in the Republic of Lebanon during the 2019–20 ‘October Uprising’.

scholarly journals CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF THE STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(13)) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Petrovych Beglytsia ◽  
◽  
Olena Oleksandrivna Tsyplitska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State

The State and Media Financing: Bulgaria and the Mediterranean Media Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Indjov ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The State ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Media System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Public Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Government

The study examines the applicability of the comparative framework of Hallin and Mancini (2004) with their three models of media‒politics relations (Mediterranean or Polarized Pluralist Model, North/ Central European or Democratic Corporatist Model, and North Atlantic or Liberal Model) to a post-communist country like Bulgaria. The answer to this question is sought through a study of the role of the state in relation to the media system, particularly the state funding of media in its various forms. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the Bulgarian media system is most similar to the Mediterranean Model due to the power of еtatism (the state finances public media, and the government buys media love through state and municipal advertising). At the same time, ineffective media regulation favors media concentration and the instrumentalization of large government media groups. The processes of rapid liberalization, privatization and deregulation in the media sector after 1989 brought Bulgaria closer to the countries included in the Liberal Model. Therefore, its media system is hybrid to some extent, but the similarities with the Mediterranean Model remain in the lead. The clientelism through which they are tamed, resp. corrupt the media, brings Bulgaria closer to the Latin American countries where it is much stronger than in the Mediterranean region (Hallin, Papathanassopoulos 2002). The concluding part predicts that, in the future, the analysis of the Bulgarian media system can be enhanced with a study of the applicability of the concepts of the “captured liberal model” of the media (in Latin America) and the “captured media” in the post-communist world.

The Role of The State In Economic Development

2017 ◽  
pp. 257-280
Author(s):  
A.P. Thirlwall ◽  
Penélope Pacheco-López
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State
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