Paediatric reference values for the C-terminal fragment of fibroblast-growth factor-23, sclerostin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and isoform 5b of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

Background Paediatric reference values for novel markers of phosphate homeostasis, bone formation and resorption and their putative relationship to growth are lacking. Methods A total of 424 healthy children, adolescents and young adults (221 males) aged 0.1–21 y, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Height, weight and height velocity were assessed. Plasma/serum samples for determination of C-terminal fragment of fibroblast growth factor-23 (cFGF-23), sclerostin, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) were available from 222, 264, 352 and 338 individuals, respectively. Calculation of cross-sectional centiles and z-scores was based on median (M), standard coefficient of variation (S) and the Box-Cox power (L) of transformation (LMS method) per age cohort. Correlations between variables as well as with growth were assessed. Results cFGF-23, BAP and TRAP5b were significantly correlated with age (each P < 0.01), with highest values during infancy and adolescence. Serum levels of BAP and TRAP5b were significantly higher in adolescent boys compared with girls (each P < 0.01). In contrast, sclerostin levels were independent of age and gender. BAP and TRAP5b were strongly correlated and both were significantly associated with cFGF-23 and sclerostin as well (each P < 0.01). cFGF-23 was positively correlated with serum phosphate and renal phosphate threshold concentration (each P < 0.01). Height, weight, body mass index and height velocity were weakly correlated with BAP and TRAP5b (each P < 0.05). Conclusions This study provides age- and gender-related centile charts and z-scores for cFGF-23, BAP, TRAP5b and sclerostin and highlights the link between phosphate homeostasis and markers of bone metabolism during growth.

Download Full-text

Fibroblast growth factor 23 and its role in phosphate homeostasis in growing children compared to adults

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 1065-1071

Author(s):

Marjan Jeddi ◽

Maryam Heidari ◽

Neda Hatami ◽

Gholam Hossein Ranjbar Omrani

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽

Fractional Excretion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Phosphate Homeostasis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fractional Excretion Of Phosphate

AbstractObjectivesPhosphate is essential for skeletal mineralization, which is regulated by parathyroid hormone, calcitriol and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Serum phosphate is physiologically higher in younger children, but factors that contribute to this physiological state are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate phosphate and its regulators in children compared with adults.Materials and methodsThe participants were children aged 3–11 years and adults older than 20 years of age. Biochemical parameters including calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, FGF23, and vitamin D were measured. Fractional excretion of phosphate was calculated, using serum and urine phosphate and creatinine.ResultsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 children (mean age: 9.0 ± 2.1) and 44 adults (mean age: 38.9 ± 11.1). The children had higher serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and FGF23 (p < 0.001), but fractional excretion of phosphate was greater in adults (14.1 ± 5.7, 11.4 ± 4.4, p = 0.019, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.7 to −0.2). Of all individuals, 61.8% had vitamin D deficiency. By multiple regression analysis, entering age, calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D level, the only independent predictor of FGF23 was 1, 25 dihydroxy-vitamin D3 (β: 0.78, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.5–1.1, R2: 0.59 for children, and β: 0.59, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.5–1.4, R2: 0.45 for adults).ConclusionAs far as we know, there is little information regarding the role of FGF23 in physiologic state. In this cross-sectional study no association was found between FGF23 and urinary phosphate excretion in growing children. Further studies with more detail are essential to evaluate phosphate homeostasis during childhood.

Download Full-text

Obesity in Saudi Arabia in 2020: Prevalence, Distribution, and Its Current Association with Various Health Conditions

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 311

Author(s):

Nora A. Althumiri ◽

Mada H. Basyouni ◽

Norah AlMousa ◽

Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim ◽

Rasha A. Almubark ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

National Level ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

And Gender ◽

Colon Diseases

The global prevalence of obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases and health conditions. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia and described the current national-level status of the association between obesity and various health conditions. This study is a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted over phone-interviews in June 2020. In this study, a proportional quota-sampling technique was used to obtain equal distributions of participants, stratified by age and gender, across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. Weight and height were self-reported, and the obesity was determined as BMI ≥ 30. Logistic regression adjusted for age and gender was used for exploring current associations between obesity and health conditions. Of the 6239 participants contacted, 4709 participants responded and completed the interview with a response rate of 75.48%. Of them, 50.1% were female, the mean age was 36.4 ± 13.5 (Range: 18–90), and the median age was 36. The national weighted prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) was 24.7%, and the prevalence in the sample (unweighted) was 21.7%. Obesity was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes [Odd ratio, (OR) = 1.52], hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.69), hypertension (OR = 1.61), lung diseases (OR = 1.69), rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 1.57), sleep apnea (OR = 1.82), colon diseases (OR = 1.31), and thyroid disorders (OR = 1.8). This study provides an update on the recent prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. It also shows the variation in prevalence rates between different regions, which might be explored further. Although obesity shows a decreasing trend, almost one-quarter of this study sample were obese. Obesity is currently associated with many health conditions that can affect the individuals’ quality of life, impose stress on the healthcare system and impose an economic burden on the country. This evidence highlights the need for action to focus more on obesity in Saudi Arabia.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the Fibromyalgia and Related Risk Factors in Patients with Advanced Kidney Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis

Current Rheumatology Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573397117666211021170438 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Mostafa Seyedmardani ◽

Saeed Abkhiz ◽

Azadeh Megrazi ◽

Aarefeh Jafarzade ◽

Golshan Kamali Zonouz

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Kidney Failure ◽

Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Symptom Severity Score ◽

And Gender

Background : Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is defined as widespread and persistent pain in the musculoskeletal system. There are limited reports regarding the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome in patients with advanced kidney failure undergoing regular hemodialysis. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome and its risk factors in a large proportion of patients under the hemodialysis condition. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 293 patients who were admitted to the hemodialysis ward were evaluated for fibromyalgia syndrome in an educational hospital. The questionnaire was designed according to symptom severity score (SS score) and widespread pain index (WPI) criteria. The correlation between FMS and various variables, including demographic, clinical, and biochemistry biomarkers, was also precisely calculated by logistic regression. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.17 statistics software. Results: The results showed that, of 293 hemodialysis patients, 130 patients (44.4%) had fibromyalgia, the mean age of patients with and without fibromyalgia was 61.09 ± 15.36 and 53.49 ± 15.38 years old, respectively (P = 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in terms of gender among patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (P = 0.001). To note, there was no significant relationship between the kidney failure etiopathogenesis, duration of dialysis, body mass index (BMI), Kt/v index, history of peritoneal dialysis, and laboratory parameters with fibromyalgia in hemodialysis patients (P > 0.05). However, our findings revealed that both age and gender could be considered as the predictor variables associated with fibromyalgia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion: Taken together, in this study, we found that age and gender would be the critical factors in terms of the fibromyalgia syndrome in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Colorectal Carcinoma With Respect to Age and Gender

10.53350/pjmhs2115123198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 3198-3199

Author(s):

Pervez Muhammad ◽

Sajjad Muhammad ◽

Muhammad Tariq ◽

Amir Khan ◽

Akhtar Munir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Medical College ◽

Gender Study ◽

The Mean ◽

And Gender

Aim: Prevalence of colorectal carcinoma with respect to age and gender Study design: Observational / cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Surgery, Post Graduate Medical Institute Lahore and Jinnah Medical College Peshawar from July, 2013 to February, 2015 Methodology: Surgical specimens of 60 histopathologically diagnosed cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma were included in this study. Age and sex were evaluated in CRC. Results: The mean±sd of age was 54.4±19.7 yrs. Out of 60 cases, 6 (10%) were between 16-29 yrs, 9 (15%) cases were between 30-49 yrs, 34 cases (56.7%) were of 50-69 yrs and 11 cases (18.33%) were of 70 yrs. Out of sixty cases, males were 33 (55%) and females were 27(45%). Conclusion: There are 34 out of 60(56.7%) patients were 50-69 years and 33 out of 60 (55%) cases were males i.e. males dominance. Keywords: Colorectal adenocarcinoma, immunohistochemistry, gender

Download Full-text

Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, Sclerostin, and Bone Microarchitecture in Patients With Osteoporotic Fractures of the Proximal Femur: A Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Clinical Densitometry ◽

10.1016/j.jocd.2014.09.003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 192-201

Author(s):

Philipp K.E. Herlyn ◽

Norina Cornelius ◽

Dieter Haffner ◽

Franziska Zaage ◽

Cornelius Kasch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽

Proximal Femur ◽

Bone Microarchitecture ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Plasma intact fibroblast growth factor 23 levels in women with bulimia nervosa: A cross-sectional pilot study

BioPsychoSocial Medicine ◽

10.1186/1751-0759-5-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Makoto Otani ◽

Yoshiyuki Takimoto ◽

Junko Moriya ◽

Kazuhiro Yoshiuchi ◽

Akira Akabayashi

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Bulimia Nervosa ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Patients’ general satisfaction with the appearance of anterior maxillary teeth

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp151110248l ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 520-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vlatka Lajnert ◽

Daniela Kovacevic-Pavicic ◽

Hrvoje Pezo ◽

Aleksandra Stevanovic ◽

Tatjana Jovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Plaque ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Tooth Shape ◽

General Satisfaction ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Dental Appearance ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

Background/Aim. Dental appearance plays an important role in practically all personal social interactions. The main factors that define the dental appearance are tooth colour, shape and position, quality of restoration, and the general position of the teeth in arch, especially in the anterior region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of dental status (tooth shape, fracture, dental and prosthetic restorations and presence of plaque) on patient''s satisfaction with the dental appearance, controlling for the age and gender. Methods. A total of 700 Caucasian subjects (439 women) aged 18?86 (median 45 years) participated in the cross-sectional study. Study included clinical examination and self-administrated questionnaire based on selfperceived aesthetics and satisfaction with the appearance of their maxillary anterior teeth. Results. A regression analysis demonstrated that presence of dental plaque, tooth fracture, composite fillings and crowns had significant independent contribution and were negative predictors of satisfaction with teeth appearance. Participants with presence of plaque on upper teeth (p < 0.001), fractures (p = 0.005), composite fillings (p < 0.001) and crowns (p = 0.032) were less satisfied than those without it. Model explains 12% or variance of general satisfaction with the appearance of maxillary frontal teeth (p < 0.001) and the major contributors are composite fillings (5.3%) and plaque (3.2%). Tooth shape, age and gender were not significant predictors of satisfaction. Conclusion. Satisfaction with the teeth appearance is under the influence of many factors with significant negative influence of presence of dental plaque, fractures, composite restorations, and crowns.

Download Full-text

A Cross-Sectional Study To Evaluate age and Gender Related Differences in Drug Utilization in Ischemic Heart Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/1570 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1967-1974

Author(s):

Praveen Panchaksharimath ◽

A. N. Praveen ◽

R. Manjunath

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Drug Utilization ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Prescription Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Anti Platelet Therapy ◽

And Gender

Drug utilization study is a powerful exploratory tool to evaluate the present trends of drug prescribing and appropriateness of prescription. To analyse the age and gender related differences in utilization of different classes of drugs in patients for Ischemic heart disease (IHD) management. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted from August 2017 to March 2018 in Cardiology department, PMSSY, BMC&RI, Bengaluru. The demographic, and drug prescription data of IHD patients were analyzed according to age group (18–59 years versus ≥ 60 years) and gender wise. Out of 520 patients diagnosed with IHD, 68% were male patients and 60% were aged ≥ 60 years. The most common co-morbid condition was Hypertension (66%) and was significant in patients aged ≥ 60 years (P= 0.0033). Anti-platelet drugs (100%) followed by Lipid lowering drugs (96%) were most commonly prescribed. The average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 6.44. Prescription of Dual anti-platelet therapy was found to be significant among men (<0.0001). Prescription of Diuretics (p = 0.045) and Pregabalin (p = 0.031) were significantly higher among females and Prescription of Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) was significantly higher among those aged 18–59 years. Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus were the most common co-morbidities observed with IHD. ARBs, Diuretics, Proton pump inhibitors, Anti Diabetic Agents and Pregabalin showed significant differences in the drug utilization with respect to age and gender. Dual anti-platelet therapy was observed to be significantly higher among males. This study has been registered in CTRI (CTRI/2018/05/013949).

Download Full-text