scholarly journals Abdominal visceral adipose tissue is associated with unsuspected pulmonary embolism on routine CT scans in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1104) ◽  
pp. 20190526
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Xiao ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Ying Gao ◽  
Qiuxia Xie ◽  
Xuhui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Objective: Unsuspected pulmonary embolism (UPE) has been increasingly diagnosed as an incidental finding on CT scans for routine staging in cancer patients. Previous studies suggest that obesity is an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism in patients with malignant tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between abdominal adipose tissue, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the occurrence of UPE in hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: Routine contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT scans of 1974 patients were retrospectively assessed for the presence of UPE, of which 58 patients were identified with UPE and 108 non-UPE patients were selected as the non-UPE control group based on several matching criteria. Abdominal adipose tissue was measured by volumes of VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) at the navel level. Results: VAT, SAT, indwelling venous catheters, surgery, chemotherapy, and bed rest or immobilization were associated with the occurrence of UPE. Higher VAT volumes were associated with increased risk of UPE (odds ratio: 1.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.25, 3.06; p = 0.003) adjusting body mass index (BMI), bed rest or immobilization, surgery, chemotherapy and smoking, while SAT was not associated with UPE adjusting the same confounders (p = 0.117). No statistical association was found between BMI and UPE (p = 0.102). Conclusion: Higher VAT rather than SAT is associated with an increased risk of unsuspected pulmonary embolism on routine CT scans in hospitalized gastrointestinal cancer patients. Advances in knowledge: Our findings indicate that VAT is a stronger risk factor for unsuspected pulmonary embolism than BMI and SAT in hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

scholarly journals Increased visceral adipose tissue rather than BMI as a risk factor for dementia

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cereda ◽  
V. Sansone ◽  
G. Meola ◽  
A. E. Malavazos
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume Is Associated With Increased Risk of Erosive Esophagitis in Men and Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 1902-1911.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Youn Nam ◽  
Il Ju Choi ◽  
Kum Hei Ryu ◽  
Bum Joon Park ◽  
Hyun Bum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adipose Tissue Volume ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Increased Visceral Adipose Tissue as a Potential Risk Factor in Patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0120598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti T. Muuronen ◽  
Mikko Taina ◽  
Marja Hedman ◽  
Jarkko Marttila ◽  
Johanna Kuusisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Embolic Stroke ◽  
Potential Risk Factor ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Obesity and COVID-19: The role of visceral adipose tissue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Petersen ◽  
Keno Bressem ◽  
Jakob Albrecht ◽  
Hans-Martin Thiess ◽  
Janis Vahldiek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Icu Treatment

INTRODUCTION: During the unprecedented health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic it was suggested that obesity might aggravate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between Compute Tomography (CT)-based measurements of visceral and subcutaneous fat as measures of obesity and COVID-19 severity. METHODS: 30 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and a mean age of 65.59 plus/minus 13.06 years from a level one medical center in Berlin, Germany, were retrospectively analyzed and included in the present analysis. SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction from throat swaps or deep nasal swabs on the day of admission. Severe clinical courses of COVID-19 were defined by hospitalization in intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation. All patients received low-dose chest CT-based fat measurements at the level of the first lumbar vertebra. RESULTS: An increase in visceral fat area (VFA) by one square decimeter was associated with a 22.53-fold increased risk for ICU treatment and a 16.11-fold increased risk for mechanical ventilation (adjusted for age and sex). For upper abdominal circumference, each additional centimeter of circumference showed a 1.13-fold increased risk for ICU treatment and a 1.25-fold increased risk for mechanical ventilation. There was no significant correlation of subcutaneous fat area (SFA) or body mass index (BMI) with severe clinical courses of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that visceral adipose tissue and upper abdominal circumference specifically increasing the risk of COVID-19 severity. CT-based quantification of visceral adipose tissue and upper abdominal circumference in routinely acquired chest CTs may therefore be a simple tool for risk assessment in SARS-CoV-2-patients.

Abdominal Adiposity in Collegiate Football Linemen: A Study of Race and Position

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malia N.M. Blue ◽  
Katie R. Hirsch ◽  
Gabrielle J. Brewer ◽  
Abbie E. Smith-Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
American Football ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Android Fat ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAmerican football linemen are at an increased risk for developing obesity-related diseases. This study evaluated the impact of race and position on abdominal fat (visceral adipose tissue and android fat percentage) in football linemen. Thirty-four offensive and defensive linemen (%fat: 27.1±7.2%) completed a total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan to estimate visceral fat and android fat percentage. Participants were stratified by race [Black: n=23; White: n=11] and position (Offense: n=18; Defense: n=16). Two separate two-way ANOVA tests [race × position] were completed. For visceral adipose tissue, there was no interaction (p=0.056), but there was an effect of race (Black: 0.57±0.34 kg; White: 1.51±0.56 kg; p <0.001) and position (Offense: 1.22±0.60 kg; Defense: 0.49±0.34 kg; p<0.001). For android fat percentage, there was no interaction (p=0.855) or race effect (Black: 31.5±11.3%; White: 40.9±8.6%; p=0.123); there was a position effect (Offense: 42.1±5.6%; Defense: 26.0±9.9%; p<0.001). Offensive linemen, regardless of race, had greater visceral adipose tissue and android fat percent compared to defensive linemen. White linemen had greater visceral adipose tissue, regardless of position. These results suggest football linemen, especially offensive linemen with increased abdominal adiposity, may benefit from tracking metabolic health during their collegiate career to mitigate obesity-related disease risk once retired from sport.

P4462Atorvastatin and fenofibrate exert opposite effects on the vascularization and characteristics of visceral adipose tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Perez-Mendez ◽  
M Luna-Luna ◽  
A Mondragon-Garcia ◽  
A Aranda-Fraustro
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract Background Statins may precipitate the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in high-risk patients. In contrast, only the subset of individuals with insulin resistance (IR) and/or diabetes receives cardiovascular benefits with fibrates. The mechanism responsible of such effects may be related with visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In this context, previous observations have suggested that atorvastatin induced an increase of VAT whereas fenofibrate had the opposite effects in rabbits. Purpose To determine the mass, morphology and vascularization of VAT in New Zealand white rabbits that received of atorvastatin or fenofibrate during two months. Methods New Zealand white rabbits (n=6 per group) received by oral gavage during 2 months, 0.33 mg/kg of atorvastatin or 2.6 mg/kg fenofibrate. The control group received 0.5 mL of vehicle. Plasma lipids were monitored. The visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was dissected and quantified. The expression of genes related with vascularization, VEGF-A and TGF-β, FGF2 as well as TNF-α were determined by qPCR in VAT. Histological slices were stained by hematoxilin and eosin to determine the size of adipocytes. The marker of angiogenesis, PECAM-1, was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results As expected, the cholesterol from atorvastatin was lower after treatment while triglycerides decreased in fenofibrate group. The mass of VAT from fenofibrate group was 46% lower compared with the controls meanwhile atorvastatin was associated with a larger diameter of adipocytes (+65%) than that of the control and fenofibrate groups. FGF2 gene expression was lower in fenofibrate than in control group (−54%). By contrast, VEGF-A gene expression in fenofibrate-treated rabbits was 110% higher than in control group. TGF-β and TNF-α remained comparable among groups. In agreement with the gene expression, the marker of angiogenesis PECAM-1 was slightly but significantly higher (+10%) in rabbits treated with fenofibrate than in controls, as determined by immunohistochemistry. Conclusion Fenofibrate enhanced the VEGF-A gene expression, PCAM-1 in VAT whereas decreased its total mass. In contrast, atorvastatin increased the adipocyte size without any effect on vascularization markers. These results suggest that fenofibrate is associated with a favorable remodeling of VAT, in contrast with atorvastatin, which induced a non-favorable remodeling of VAT. These results may be related with the cardiovascular benefits of fenofibrate and the increased risk of T2D in high-risk subjects induced by atorvastatin.

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