scholarly journals Maternal and cord blood prolactin level and pregnancy complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab M. Alawad ◽  
Hanan L. Al-Omary
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: To explore the correlation between maternal and cord blood prolactin, the correlation between cord prolactin and birth weight, and to compare cord blood prolactin in new-borns of women with normal pregnancy and women with pregnancy complications namely; gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes and preterm labour.Methods: This study was performed from September to December 2018. Thirty-two women, delivered at Baghdad teaching hospital, and their newborns (32) were included. Maternal blood (5 ml) was taken before labour and cord blood (5 ml) was collected after placenta expulsion. Maternal and cord blood prolactin were analysed using fluorescence immunoassay. Results: Cord blood prolactin was higher in babies born to hypertensive women (405.28±77.52 ng/ml) than normal pregnancy women (244.80±60.80 ng/ml), P=0.000. Also, cord prolactin in gestational hypertension group was significantly higher than diabetic (P=0.006) and preterm labour (P=0.000) groups. No significant difference was noticed in cord blood prolactin in newborns of diabetic and normal pregnancy women (299.28±37.01, 244.80±60.80 ng/ml respectively, P=0.053). Preterm babies had lower cord prolactin (204.57±22.90 ng/ml) than normal pregnancy babies (244.80±60.80 ng/ml), however the difference was non-significant, P=0.118. Positive correlation was found between cord and maternal prolactin (P=0.000) and between cord prolactin and birth weight (P=0.018). Conclusion: Cord blood prolactin is high in newborns of hypertensive women, low in preterm neonates. Diabetes has no effect on cord prolactin level. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.558 How to cite this:Alawad ZM, Al-Omary HL. Maternal and cord blood prolactin level and pregnancy complications. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.558 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Prolactin level in umbilical cord blood of newborn and its relation to respiratory distress syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata V. Padvi ◽  
Hemraj R. Narkhede ◽  
Amol P. Pawar ◽  
Pravin N. Mhatre
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Prolactin Level ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Serum Prolactin Level ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Production of lower concentrations of prolactin in fetus is considered as one of the major contributor for the development of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns considerably in pregnants with maternal complications. Hence the present study was conducted with the objective to measure the serum level of cord blood prolactin in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy with maternal complications and its association with development of RDS in newborn.Methods: In this prospective study of 100 women, 28 with normal pregnancy (Group A) and 72 with abnormal pregnancies (Group B) were included in the study. Umbilical cord blood was collected and serum prolactin level was estimated using radio-immuno assay. The obtained values were correlated with prevalence of RDS in neonates and maternal complications.Results: The average age of pregnant women participated in Group A was 26 years and Group B was 27 years. In Group A 2 babies with birth weight of 2001-3000 gm had a cord serum prolactin level of 216±137.8 ng/mL developed RDS. In Group B the level of prolactin was 285±276 and 326±132 ng/mL in 4 RDS babies with birth weight of <1000 gm and 1000-2000 gm respectively. It was observed that cord serum prolactin levels had no correlation with the mode of delivery, sex of newborn, steroid therapy. In Group A, 2 neonates developed RDS which were of gestational age between 32-35 weeks with mean prolactin level of 216 ng/ml, while in Group B, 1 neonate with gestational age less than 32 weeks and mean prolactin level of 480 and 4 neonates of 32-35 weeks with mean prolactin level of 266 ng/mL developed RDS. Out of 27 mothers with complications of PIH, 3 developed RDS. 1 case each from IUGR and twins developed RDS respectively.Conclusions: The risk of RDS is less in newborn with high prolactin level than in newborns with low prolactin levels. So prolactin might have a role in fetal lung maturation.

scholarly journals Pregnancy complications effect on the nickel content in maternal blood, placenta blood and umbilical cord blood during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 8340-8348
Author(s):  
Ai-Ling Ding ◽  
Hong Hu ◽  
Fan-Ping Xu ◽  
Ling-Yan Liu ◽  
Juan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Maternal Blood

scholarly journals The influence of gestational hypertension on cord blood adiponectin levels: a case-controlled study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882110585
Author(s):  
Justyna Czubilińska-Łada ◽  
Aleksandra Gliwińska ◽  
Elżbieta Świȩtochowska ◽  
Lucyna Nowak-Borzȩcka ◽  
Beata Sadownik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Gestational hypertension is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and childbirth worldwide and may be associated with metabolic disorders. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific plasma protein with insulin-sensitizing, vascular-protective, anti-inflammatory properties, and its role in metabolic disorders in prenatal and postnatal development in neonates remains unclear. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether gestational hypertension is a condition lowering cord blood adiponectin level. Next, we have evaluated whether cord blood adiponectin level correlates with selected anthropometric parameters in neonates. Material and methods: The case–control study included 89 newborns divided into two groups: 30 neonates in the study group whose mothers were diagnosed with gestational hypertension and 59 healthy neonates born from normotensive pregnancies. Adiponectin determinations were performed in both groups, and neonatal anthropometric measurements and perinatal data were collected. Results: There was no statistically significant difference ( p = 0.27) between adiponectin concentration in cord blood of newborns from the study group [median (Q1–Q3) 9.86 μg/ml (8.16–13.26 μg/ml)] compared with the control group [median (Q1–Q3) 10.65 μg/ml (8.69–14.29 μg/ml)]. No statistically significant correlations were observed between adiponectin level and gestational age, body weight, body length, and chest circumference. A significant correlation was observed between adiponectin level and head circumference among newborns in the control group and among the entire population of newborns included in the study. Conclusion: No significant influence of gestational hypertension on cord blood adiponectin levels or their correlation with neonatal anthropometric measurements was observed.

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Bifidobacterium Supplementation on Neonatal Cholestasis in Preterm Neonates with Very Low Birth Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gaohong Wu ◽  
Xiaoqian Chen ◽  
Ningxun Cui ◽  
Yunxia He ◽  
Jiaying Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neonatal Cholestasis ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Cholestasis is a common but serious clinical condition in preterm neonates. The current management for preterm neonatal cholestasis has limitations. The aim of this study was to determine effects of Bifidobacterium supplementation on the prevention and alleviation of cholestasis in preterm infants with very low birth weight. Methods. Preterm neonates with very low birth weight were enrolled in the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between December 2012 and December 2017. The patients were randomly assigned into Bifidobacterium and control groups, and effects of Bifidobacterium supplementation on the outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results. There was no significant difference in the baseline characteristics in the two groups. Notably, the proportion of cases with neonatal cholestasis was significantly lower, with fewer neonatal cholestasis-associated complications in the Bifidobacterium group compared with the control group (6% versus 22%, P<0.01). Furthermore, the Bifidobacterium group exhibited less severe cholestasis and better improvement of the liver function than the control group as evidenced by the biochemical tests (P<0.05). Finally, comparison of the other outcomes revealed that significant shorter duration of hospitalization (14.45±2.13 versus 16.12±2.22 days, P<0.01), fewer days to reach the full enteral feeding (9.2±2.11 versus 12±5.67 days, P<0.01), shorter duration of meconium passage (5.0±3.6 versus 6.6±3.38 days, P<0.05), lower proportion of cases on fasting and duration of fasting (0.8% versus 5.6%, P<0.05 and 3.0±1.6 versus 5.6±2.38 days, P<0.01, respectively), and shorter duration of weight gain to normal (4.77±2.49 versus 6.87±2.71 days, P<0.01) in the Bifidobacterium group versus the control group. Conclusions. Bifidobacterium supplementation has significantly preventive and other beneficial effects on the management of cholestasis in preterm infants with very low birth weight. Its long-term safety and effectiveness will need further investigation. This trial is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR1900022296).

scholarly journals Maternal Homocysteine before Conception and throughout Pregnancy Predicts Fetal Homocysteine and Birth Weight

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1406-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M Murphy ◽  
John M Scott ◽  
Victoria Arija ◽  
Anne M Molloy ◽  
Joan D Fernandez-Ballart
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Total Homocysteine

Abstract Background: Increased homocysteine has been associated with pregnancy complications. Methods: We investigated prospectively the effect of maternal homocysteine on normal pregnancy outcome. The study included 93 women and their offspring; 39 of the women took folic acid during the second and/or third trimesters of pregnancy. We measured homocysteine at preconception; at weeks 8, 20, and 32 of pregnancy; during labor; and in the fetal cord; we also recorded birth weight. Results: Geometric mean (SE) maternal total homocysteine (tHcy) increased between 32 weeks of pregnancy and labor [7.98 (1.05) μmol/L in unsupplemented women and 6.26 (1.07) μmol/L in supplemented women; P &lt;0.0001 for both]. Fetal tHcy was lower than maternal tHcy [6.39 (1.06) μmol/L in unsupplemented pregnancies (P &lt;0.0001), and 5.18 (1.06) μmol/L in supplemented pregnancies (P &lt;0.05)]. Maternal tHcy was correlated from preconception throughout pregnancy (8 weeks, r = 0.708; 20 weeks, r = 0.637; 32 weeks, r = 0.537; labor, r = 0.502; P &lt;0.0001 for all time points) and with fetal tHcy [preconception, r = 0.255 (P &lt;0.05); 8 weeks, r = 0.321 (P &lt;0.01); 20 weeks, r = 0.469; 32 weeks, r = 0.550; labor, r = 0.624 (P &lt;0.0001)]. Mothers in the highest tHcy tertile at 8 weeks of pregnancy were three times [odds ratio, 3.26 (95% confidence interval, 1.05–10.13); P &lt;0.05] and at labor were four times [3.65 (1.15–11.56); P &lt;0.05] more likely to give birth to a neonate in the lowest birth weight tertile. Neonates of mothers in the highest tHcy tertile at labor weighed, on average, 227.98 g less than those of mothers in the low and medium tertiles (P = 0.014). Conclusions: Supplemented mothers had lower tHcy at labor than unsupplemented mothers, as did their neonates. Maternal and fetal tHcy was significantly correlated throughout the study. Neonates of mothers in the highest tertile of homocysteine weighed less.

scholarly journals Moderately and Late Preterm Infants: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes From a Registry-Based Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoletta Smyrni ◽  
Maria Koutsaki ◽  
Marianna Petra ◽  
Eirini Nikaina ◽  
Maria Gontika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Ventilator Support ◽  
Late Preterm Infants ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Moderately Preterm

Background: While most studies on the association of preterm birth and cerebral palsy (CP) have focused on very preterm infants, lately, attention has been paid to moderately preterm [32 to &lt;34 weeks gestational age (GA)] and late preterm infants (34 to &lt;37 weeks GA).Methods: In order to report on the outcomes of a cohort of moderately and late preterm infants, derived from a population-based CP Registry, a comparative analysis of data on 95 moderately preterm infants and 96 late preterm infants out of 1,016 with CP, was performed.Results: Moderately preterm neonates with CP were more likely to have a history of N-ICU admission (p = 0.001) and require respiratory support (p &lt; 0.001) than late preterm neonates. Birth weight was significantly related to early neonatal outcome with children with lower birth weight being more likely to have a history of N-ICU admission [moderately preterm infants (p = 0.006)/late preterm infants (p &lt; 0.001)], to require ventilator support [moderately preterm infants (p = 0.025)/late preterm infants (p = 0.014)] and not to have neonatal seizures [moderately preterm infants (p = 0.044)/late preterm infants (p = 0.263)]. In both subgroups, the majority of children had bilateral spastic CP with moderately preterm infants being more likely to have bilateral spastic CP and less likely to have ataxic CP as compared to late preterm infants (p = 0.006). The prevailing imaging findings were white matter lesions in both subgroups, with statistically significant difference between moderately preterm infants who required ventilator support and mainly presented with this type of lesion vs. those who did not and presented with gray matter lesions, maldevelopments or miscellaneous findings. Gross motor function was also assessed in both subgroups without significant difference. Among late preterm infants, those who needed N-ICU admission and ventilator support as neonates achieved worse fine motor outcomes than those who did not.Conclusions: Low birth weight is associated with early neonatal problems in both moderately and late preterm infants with CP. The majority of children had bilateral spastic CP and white matter lesions in neuroimaging. GMFCS levels were comparable in both subgroups while BFMF was worse in late preterm infants with a history of N-ICU admission and ventilator support.

Associations between maternal prenatal stress, methylation changes in IGF1 and IGF2, and birth weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Montoya-Williams ◽  
J. Quinlan ◽  
C. Clukay ◽  
N. C. Rodney ◽  
D. A. Kertes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Prenatal Stress ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Tissue Samples

Maternal stress has been linked to low birth weight in newborns. One potential pathway involves epigenetic changes at candidate genes that may mediate the effects of prenatal maternal stress on birth weight. This relationship has been documented in stress-related genes, such as NR3C1. There is less literature exploring the effect of stress on growth-related genes. IGF1 and IGF2 have been implicated in fetal growth and development, though via different mechanisms as IGF2 is under imprinting control. In this study, we tested for associations between prenatal stress, methylation of IGF1 and IGF2, and birth weight. A total of 24 mother–newborn dyads in the Democratic Republic of Congo were enrolled. Ethnographic interviews were conducted with mothers at delivery to gather culturally relevant war-related and chronic stressors. DNA methylation data were generated from maternal venous, cord blood and placental tissue samples. Multivariate regressions were used to test for associations between stress measures, DNA methylation and birth weight in each of the three tissue types. We found an association between IGF2 methylation in maternal blood and birth weight. Previous literature on the relationship between IGF2 methylation and birth weight has focused on methylation at known differentially methylated regions in cord blood or placental samples. Our findings indicate there may be links between the maternal epigenome and low birth weight that rely on mechanisms outside known imprinting pathways. It thus may be important to consider the effect of maternal exposures and epigenetic profiles on birth weight even in the setting of maternally imprinted genes such as IGF2.

scholarly journals Assessment of ten trace elements in umbilical cord blood and maternal blood: association with birth weight

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Bermúdez ◽  
Consuelo García-Vicent ◽  
Jorge López ◽  
Maria Isabel Torró ◽  
Empar Lurbe
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Maternal Blood

Decreased Ang-(1-7) and Downregulated Intrarenal RAS May Contribute to the Direct Podocyte Injury With Proteinuria in Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1146-1157
Author(s):  
Guixiang Chen ◽  
Xiaohong Jin ◽  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
Jianying Niu ◽  
Yong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Morphologic Change ◽  
Podocyte Injury ◽  
Junction Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intrarenal Ras

The mechanisms of proteinuria development in preeclampsia (PE) are still enigmatic. Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) components may play a role. Maternal serum and urinary concentrations of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], angiotensin II (Ang II), and angiotensinogen in women with PE (n = 14), gestational hypertension (n = 14), and normal pregnancy were quantified. The alteration in these concentrations was used to evaluate their relationships with podocyturia and proteinuria in PE. In addition, the podocytes cultured in vitro were interfered in serum of preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women, with or without Ang-(1-7). The morphologic change in podocyte was observed using a microscope. The changes in podocyte-specific proteins (nephrin, CD2-associated protein [CD2AP]), the cytoskeletal protein F-actin, the tight junction protein (ZO-1), and Mas receptor (MasR) were examined by immunofluorescence. Western blot was used to examine the expression and variation of MasR. We found that the concentrations of RAS components were associated with prepartal urinary podocyte number, random urine albumin/creatinine ratio, blood pressure, and renal function. The expression of nephrin, F-actin, ZO-1, and MasR on podocytes interfered in serum of PE was significantly decreased compared to normal control and normal pregnant serum group in vitro, yet their expression was significantly increased after coculture by 10−6 mol/L Ang-(1-7) and the preeclamptic serum. The expression of CD2AP had no significant difference. We concluded that decreased Ang-(1-7) and downregulated intrarenal RAS contributed to the direct podocyte injury with proteinuria in PE.

scholarly journals Household Air Pollution, Levels of Micronutrients and Heavy Metals in Cord and Maternal Blood, and Pregnancy Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Arinola ◽  
Anindita Dutta ◽  
Oluwafemi Oluwole ◽  
Christopher Olopade
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Cooking with kerosene emits toxic pollutants that may impact pregnancy outcomes. Sixty-eight women in their first trimester of pregnancy, kerosene users (n = 42) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) users (n = 26), were followed until birth. Maternal and cord blood were collected immediately after birth. Levels of micronutrients and heavy metals were quantified. Pregnancy outcomes (gestation age (GA), birth weight (BW), and chest and head circumference) were also measured. Mean (± standard deviation (SD)) age of mothers in kerosene and LNG groups were similar (p = 0.734). Mean (±SD) BW of newborns of LNG users was significantly higher compared to newborns of kerosene users (3.43 ± 0.32 vs. 3.02 ± 0.43, p < 0.001). Mean GA (in weeks) was similar between the two groups (p = 0.532). Women in the kerosene group had significantly higher cord blood levels of zinc, lead, mercury, iodine and vitamin B6 and lower levels of folic acid compared to LNG users (p < 0.05). Newborns of kerosene users had reduced levels of zinc, lead, mercury, iodine, vitamins B6 and B12, folic acid, and homocysteine compared with LNG users (p < 0.05). Also, cooking with kerosene was significantly associated with reduced birth weight after adjusting for potential confounders (β ± standard error (SE) = −0.326 ± 0.155; p = 0.040). Smoke from kerosene stove was associated with reduced birth weight and micronutrients imbalance in mothers and newborns.

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