scholarly journals Assessment of groundwater pollution in relation to heavy metals of the alluvial aquifer of Thriasion Plain (NW Attica)

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kyriazis ◽  
E. Zagana ◽  
G. Stamatis ◽  
F. Fillippidis ◽  
E. Psomiadis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Alluvial Aquifer ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Phreatic Aquifer ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
High Degree

In this study the hydrogeological and hydrochemical characteristics of Thriasion Plain are presented focusing mainly on the presence of heavy metals in the alluvial aquifer. Two main aquifer systems exist in the study area: a) the karst aquifer hosted in the karstified carbonate formations, which structure the bedrock and the margins of the alluvial basin and b) the phreatic aquifer within the Quaternary deposits of the Thriasion Plain. Coastal and submarine groundwater discharges show the direct connection of the aquifers with the sea causing intense salinization in both aquifers. The phreatic aquifer is characterized by high levels of TDS (483 – 13,067 mg/l) and correspondingly high degree of hardness (15.7 to 165.7 odH). High concentrations of Na+, Cl-, SO4 2-, NO3 -, NH4 + and PO4 3- reflect the diverse anthropogenic influences on the aquifer. The strong presence of heavy metals, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn has been determined in the most of the samples. Their origin is associated with geogenic factors, such as the occurrences of bauxites, oxides derived from the alteration of rocks, especially shischts, organic matter within the Plio-Pleistocene sediments of the region, as well as with intense pressures from anthropogenic activities. In some cases the groundwater is improper not only for human consumption but also for many other uses.

Horizontal Mobility of Heavy Metals from Dumpsite in North Central States, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
J.D. Bala ◽  
J.J. Musa ◽  
H.I. Mustapha ◽  
I.Y. Yerima ◽  
D.E. Sunday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Central State ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
North Central ◽  
Uppermost Layer ◽  
High Concentrations

Industrialization and population growth has lead to the introduction of toxic substances into the environment as waste from manufacturing  processes. This study describes the horizontal mobility of this waste containing heavy metals from dump sites to the surrounding environment of North Central state, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected within the dumpsites and the immediate surrounding soil at distance of 10m and 20m away to assess the migration and potential bioavailability of Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu and Al. Total concentration of the heavy metals and their fractionation were determined. The results indicate that heavy metals are more concentrated in the uppermost layer with significant migration down the slope, thereby posing a threat to groundwater quality. In the fractions, the concentrations of the metals follow this sequence: Mn>Fe>Cu>Zn>Cr>Al. The mobility factors of the heavy metals are significantly high indicating high potential mobility and bioavailable forms of these heavy metals. The high concentrations of the heavy metals particularly Cr, as observed in the study is as a result of anthropogenic activities on enrichment of natural soil with bioavailable heavy metals. Consequently, there is a need to be cautious in the way waste that is generated from heavy metals sources is added to natural soil. Key words: Dump site; Environment; Heavy metals; Soil; Waste

COMPARATIVE STUDY USING RAW AND TREATED CASSAVA AND LEMON RESIDUES IN THE REMOVAL OF NICKEL (II)

Agrociencia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Candelaria Tejada Tovar ◽  
Diofanor Acevedo ◽  
Angel Villabona Ortíz ◽  
Nórida Pájaro Gómez ◽  
María Otero
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
High Level

Increasing pollution of water bodies by heavy metals from different anthropogenic activities, mainly of industrial nature, generates a high level of danger due to accumulation. Within a given time, heavy metals reach high concentrations in living organisms, especially those around sites of discharge. The objective of this research was to evaluate the adsorption capacity of dried lemon (Citrus limon) and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) peels, raw or treated with citric acid, to remove Ni (II) in synthetic aqueous solution with 100 mg L-1 of metal. To assess adaptation and characterize these bio-adsorbents, biomasses were washed with distilled water. They were dried at 90 °C for 24 h and then ground in a mill. The modification of the cassava and lemon peels was carried out with 0.6 M citric acid; followed by adsorption and kinetic tests that were carried out in a discontinuous system. The biomaterials were characterized by chemical, elemental and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. We found that both biomasses are composed mostly of carbon and cellulose. The FTIR showed the presence of carboxyl, amino, carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups, which intervene in the adsorption process. Lemon and cassava peels showed 95.8% adsorption capacity of Ni (II) ions, and 75.69% removal of the contaminants. The best adsorbent particle sizes were 0.5 mm for lemon, and 1 mm for cassava peel, the two biomasses at pH 6. The best fit of the experimental data was Freundlich’s model and the pseudo-second-order model best described adsorption kinetics in the Ni (II) removal process. Treatment of the biomasses with citric acid did not render a significant improvement in metal removal. The best conditions for an efficient adsorption process were achieved using a specific particle size for lemon, 0.5 mm, and 1 mm for cassava residues.

scholarly journals Detection, Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals/Metalloids, Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in Goat Carcasses Processed for Human Consumption in South-Eastern Nigeria

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Njoga ◽  
Ekene V. Ezenduka ◽  
Chiazor G. Ogbodo ◽  
Chukwuka U. Ogbonna ◽  
Ishmael F. Jaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Kidney Liver

Notwithstanding the increased toxic heavy metals/metalloids (THMs) accumulation in (edible) organs owed to goat′s feeding habit and anthropogenic activities, the chevon remains increasingly relished as a special delicacy in Nigeria. Specific to the South-Eastern region, however, there is paucity of relevant data regarding the prevalence of THMs in goat carcasses processed for human consumption. This work was, therefore, aimed to investigate the detection, distribution and health risk assessment of THMs in goat carcass processed for human consumption in South-Eastern Nigeria. To achieve this, a total of 450 meat samples (kidney, liver and muscle) were evaluated from 150 randomly selected goat carcasses processed in two major slaughterhouses in Enugu State. The detection, distribution, as well as health risk assessment parameters followed standard procedures. Results revealed that at least one THM was detected in 56% of the carcasses. Mean concentrations of arsenic (As) were 0.53 ± 0.10 mg/kg, 0.57 ± 0.09 mg/kg and 0.45 ± 0.08 mg/kg, lead (Pb) were 0.48 ± 0.38 mg/kg, 0.45 ± 0.24 mg/kg and 0.82 ± 0.39 mg/kg, cadmium (Cd) was 0.06 ± 0.32 mg/kg, 0.02 ± 0.00 mg/kg, and 0.02 ± 0.00 mg/kg for kidney, liver and muscle tissues, respectively. The estimated daily intakes (EDI) for all THMs were above the recommended safe limits. The target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) computed for all As, Cd and Pb fell below unity in all the studied organs, which indicated no non-carcinogenic risks. Curtailing the anthropogenic activities that aid the THM-contamination in goat production/processing lines is recommended. Screening for THM-contamination in Nigerian slaughterhouses is imperative, so as to ascertain the toxicological safety of meats intended for human consumption.

Management of groundwater sustainability and contamination - a Mozambique case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Margarida Horta Antunes ◽  
Ameno Bande
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Zambezi River

<p>Groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from natural and anthropogenic activities. The agricultural and human activities associated with hydrological characteristics influence the quality of groundwater. The City of Tete is in the Nharthanda Valley (Zambezi River, Central Mozambique). The city faces a set of serious structural issues of access to water such as a precarious public water supply system, including a lack of network management, water rationing, and a poor sewerage system. Groundwater is collected from the aquifer for the public water supply system of the old city of Tete and a for a traditional agro-livestock farm, which is irrigated by artesian wells. Groundwater abstraction has increased in the last few decades, and it was identified as a risk for groundwater quality and quantity. Groundwater physic-chemical and microbiological parameters obtained from fifteen boreholes and eleven wells have been determined to assess water quality. The presence of potential contaminant activities throughout the Nhartanda Valley and adjacent areas associated with contamination of the Zambezi River contribute to the degradation of water quality. The high vulnerability index for most chemical and microbiological elements indicates that groundwater is easily reached by bacteria and viruses and other potentially toxic substances. Most of the water parameters, from wells and boreholes, exceed the water referenced values allowed for human consumption and agricultural use. The protection of the Nhartanda Valley aquifer system is necessary and urgent. The identification of the most vulnerable areas provides important information for groundwater management, such as the indication of protection measures in aquifer systems.</p>

scholarly journals Proximate Composition and Heavy Metal Analysis of Three Aquatic Foods in Makoko River, Lagos, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Isaac Opeyemi Ayanda ◽  
Gabriel Adewumi Dedeke ◽  
Ukinebo Imuentiyan Ekhator ◽  
Mary Kufreabasi Etiebet
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Metal Analysis ◽  
Aquatic Products ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Not At Risk

Three aquatic products, tilapia fish, lobster and crab, were collected from the landing site of fishermen in Makoko, a fishing suburb in Lagos State, Nigeria. They were analyzed for their proximate composition, and concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, and Pb) was also measured in them. The nutrient values varied among the three organisms. The lobsters and crabs had higher protein values while tilapia was richer in lipid and moisture content. In most cases, these differences were not significant. The concentration of heavy metals also differed in the three organisms. All organisms had high concentrations of the three heavy metals analyzed. The heavy metal load as observed in this study is consistent with some previously reported values in literature. Plausible reasons for these differences were discussed in light of size, trophic level, choice of food of the organisms, and anthropogenic activities. It may be advisable that heavy metal concentrations are regularly monitored in edible aquatic food products so that human health is not at risk.

scholarly journals MODELADO DE METALES PESADOS EN EL FLUJO DE AGUA Y LODOS DEL ECOSISTEMA BENTÓNICO DEL RÍO BOGOTÁ – COLOMBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Pinzón Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
Del Rio

Industrial processes have created environmental problems because of the discharge of pollutants into the environment. Especially the water bodies have been contaminated by HM heavy metals. The Bogotá river has registered a considerable increase in these HM as it advances in its channel towards the Magdalena river without its effects on the benthic ecosystem have been established. The present study used the Bogotá river as a study source. This is born in the municipality of Villapinzón-Colombia and empties into the Magdalena River. The selected sampling points correspond to sectors where anthropogenic activities are carried out. The results showed the relation of its concentration for various metals, developing for each one the calibration curves in the water and the sediments. Although high concentrations were obtained in some sectors, they were within the parameters established by Colombian legislation.

Karst springs in small islands: The Kamari spring (Mylopotamos) in Kythira Island, Greece

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Karalemas ◽  
Christos Filis ◽  
Emmanuel Skourtsos ◽  
Haralambos Kranis ◽  
Stylianos Lozios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Spring Discharge ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Annual Fluctuation ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Karst Aquifer System ◽  
Carbonate Formations

<p>Three main aquifer systems developed on Kythira Island (Greece) include (Pagounis, 1981; Pagounis & Gertsos, 1984, Danamos, 1991; Koumantakis et al., 2006; Filis et al., 2019):</p><ul><li>The porous aquifer system in Neogene and Quaternary formations.</li> <li>The karst aquifer system in the carbonate formations of the Pindos and Tripolis Units.</li> <li>The aquifer system (both shallow and deep) in the fractured hard rocks mainly of the Phyllites – Quartzites Unit.</li> </ul><p>The main discharge of the aquifer systems takes place in coastal and submarine brackish springs around the island, except for its northern part where the Phyllites – Quartzites Unit outcrops and its central part where springs of small capacity discharge the carbonate formations of the Pindos Unit.</p><p>Precipitation is the direct recharge of the three aforementioned aquifer systems while indirectly lateral discharge occurs in places between adjacent and tangential aquifer systems and from the streams runoff as well.</p><p>In the area of Mylopotamos village four springs discharge the karst aquifer of the Pindos Unit within the channel of Kako Laghadi stream forming downstream the known “Neraida or Fonissa waterfall”. Moreover, along the dell of Kako Laghadi stream 22 watermills were built, among the plane trees and the ivy.</p><p>The most significant of the aforementioned springs is the Kamari spring (+282.28 meters a.s.l.) which emerge at the thrust fault between the overlying permeable carbonates and the underlying impermeable flysch formation of the Pindos Unit. The discharge of the Kamari spring presents annual fluctuation which varies from app. 45-50 m<sup>3</sup>/h (during winter) to total recession (during summer), due to restriction of the precipitation and the prolonged drought and overpumping of its recharge area mainly with boreholes.</p><p>The inactive municipal borehole of Mylopotamos village (+299.15 meters a.s.l.) is located app. 310 meters SSE of the Kamari spring within its recharge area (karst aquifer of the Pindos Unit). This borehole of a total depth of 40 meters penetrates carbonates of the Pindos Unit which thickness exceeds 100 meters in that area. Monthly measurements of the Kamari spring discharge and the water table head in the inactive borehole demonstrate clear and direct hydraulic correlation between them. The Kamari spring presents outflow only in the case when the water level head of the borehole exceeds +282.28 meters. This means that the water level head in the borehole should not exceed 16.87 meters from the earth surface. Taking into account all the aforementioned, the Kamari spring is designated as an overflow spring.</p><p>Finally, microbiological analysis from the Kamari spring showed qualitative degradation, due to human activities in the wider area (Pagounis, 1981; Filis et al., 2019).</p>

Агрономическая эффективность промышленной (голландской) технологии возделывания картофеля

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coy ◽  
A.V. Shuravilin ◽  
O.A. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния промышленной технологии возделывания картофеля на развитие, урожайность и качество продукции. Выявлена положительная реакция растений на подкормку K2SO4 в период посадки. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ урожайности и качества клубней выявил высокую степень достоверности результатов опыта. Содержание нитратов и тяжелых металлов в клубнях было ниже допустимых величин.The results of studies on the impact of industrial technology of potato cultivation on growth, yield and quality of products. There was a positive response of plants to fertilizer K2SO4 in the period of planting. Correlation and regression analysis of yield and quality of tubers revealed a high degree of reliability of the results of experience. The contents of nitrates and heavy metals in tubers was below the permissible values.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of Water Chemistry in Aries River Catchment Western Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6592
Author(s):  
Ana Moldovan ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Hoaghia ◽  
Anamaria Iulia Török ◽  
Marius Roman ◽  
Ionut Cornel Mirea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the quality and vulnerability of surface water (Aries River catchment) in order to identify the impact of past mining activities. For this purpose, the pollution and water quality indices, Piper and Durov plots, as well vulnerability modeling maps were used. The obtained results indicate that the water samples were contaminated with As, Fe, Mn, Pb and have relatively high concentrations of SO42−, HCO3−, TDS, Ca, K, Mg and high values for the electrical conductivity. Possible sources of the high content of chemicals could be the natural processes or the inputs of the mine drainage. Generally, according to the pollution indices, which were correlated to high concentrations of heavy metals, especially with Pb, Fe and Mn, the water samples were characterized by heavy metals pollution. The water quality index classified the studied water samples into five different classes of quality, namely: unsuitable for drinking, poor, medium, good and excellent quality. Similarly, medium, high and very high vulnerability classes were observed. The Durov and Piper plots classified the waters into Mg-HCO3− and Ca-Cl− types. The past and present mining activities clearly change the water chemistry and alter the quality of the Aries River, with the water requiring specific treatments before use.

scholarly journals Geochemical Mapping, Risk Assessment, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Road Dust Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Zening Wu ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Zafar Hussain ◽  
Chenyang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Positive Matrix Factorization ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Positive Matrix ◽  
The City

Heavy metals in road dust pose a significant threat to human health. This study investigated the concentrations, patterns, and sources of eight hazardous heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg) in the street dust of Zhengzhou city of PR China. Fifty-eight samples of road dust were analyzed based on three methods of risk assessment, i.e., Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Assessment (RI), and Nemerow Synthetic Pollution Index (PIN). The results exhibited higher concentrations of Hg and Cd 14 and 7 times higher than their background values, respectively. Igeo showed the risks of contamination in a range of unpolluted (Cr, Ni) to strongly polluted (Hg and Cd) categories. RI came up with the contamination ranges from low (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) to extreme (Cd and Hg) risk of contamination. The risk of contamination based on PIN was from safe (Cu, As, and Pb) to seriously high (Cd and Hg). The results yielded by PIN indicated the extreme risk of Cd and Hg in the city. Positive Matrix Factorization was used to identify the sources of contamination. Factor 1 (vehicular exhaust), Factor 2 (coal combustion), Factor 3 (metal industry), and Factor 4 (anthropogenic activities), respectively, contributed 14.63%, 35.34%, 36.14%, and 13.87% of total heavy metal pollution. Metal’s presence in the dust is a direct health risk for humans and warrants immediate and effective pollution control and prevention measures in the city.

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