scholarly journals Neosporosis: a neglected abortifacient disease in Egypt, seroprevalence and farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 3109
Author(s):  
A GABER ◽  
YM HEGAZY ◽  
AF OREIBY ◽  
T ABDEL WAHAB ◽  
MH AL-GAABARY
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide, causing abortions, neonatal mortalities and massive economic losses in dairy herds. The current study aimed to investigate the burden of Neospora (N.) caninum infection among cows that aborted and to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of farmers toward neosporosis in Kafrelsheikh governorate, Egypt. A total of 92 cows that aborted and 25 heifers born from cows that aborted and seropositive for N. caninum infection from 15 dairy herds in different districts of Kafrelsheikh governorate were examined serologically against N. caninum infection using ELISA. A structured questionnaire was built and distributed to 41 farmers in the study area. The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum infection among the examined cows that aborted was 38.04% (35/92). On the other hand, the prevalence of N. caninum infection among the 25 examined heifers born from seropositive cows that aborted was 28% (7/25). The KAPs analysis showed that farmers lack the required information on N. caninum infection and its consequences on dairy farms. The farmers performed risky practices which are responsible for disease entrance and spread on the farm; buy and keeping animals after abortion as well as their heifers. In addition, risk management practices were widespread in dairy farms such as: free movement of dogs, especially stray ones, in 100% of the farms, dogs were able to access and defecate in cattle feed and drinking water sources and had the chance to eat placentas and abortion materials. The current study points out neosporosis as a neglected cause of abortion among cattle in Kafrelsheikh governorate, as well as there is a lack of knowledge and risky practices by the local farmers. These findings may be extrapolated to nearby areas and countries of the same cattle husbandry practices, and veterinary services in such countries should consider neosporosis in their surveillance and control programs.

scholarly journals Mites affecting hen egg production: some considerations for Brazilian farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1230-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro do Carmo Rezende ◽  
Lucas Maciel Cunha ◽  
Cristina Mara Teixeira ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Oliveira ◽  
Nelson Rodrigo da Silva Martins
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Mite Control ◽  
Mite Infestations ◽  
And Control

The poultry industry is characterized for its constant search for productivity and profitability, which are based on flock health status. Brazilian Commercial laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) have been impacted significantly by mite infestations. This review aims to compile the literature on the occurrence, economic losses, biology, epidemiology and control of mite species considered important for the Brazilian laying poultry industry. The national experience was compared with practices of other countries and a scarcity of studies on this subject in Brazil was evident. The poultry industry has prioritized the use of pesticides to control infestations with little regard for the adverse effects. In this context, the integrated control programs using several strategies simultaneously constitute the best alternative to mite control. Integrated control programs involve measures of chemical, physical and biological nature, as well as attention to cultural aspects. However, studies should be performed aiming at the development of new control methods, evaluating the adequacy of practices developed in other countries to the national reality.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to schistosomiasis transmission and control in Leyte, Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e0007358
Author(s):  
Isabel Francisco ◽  
Mario Jiz ◽  
Marieke Rosenbaum ◽  
Palmera Baltazar ◽  
Jennifer A. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Sylvatic Rabies among High-Risk Households in Ceará State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Naylê Francelino Holanda Duarte ◽  
Patrícia Pereira Lima Barbosa ◽  
Danielle Bastos Araujo ◽  
Silvana Regina Favoretto ◽  
Phyllis Catharina Romijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Rabies transmitted by sylvatic populations has become an increasing concern in Brazil. A total of 113 participants with a history of contact with sylvatic populations were interviewed in 27 municipalities of Ceará State in northeast Brazil. Questionnaires included questions on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding sylvatic rabies. Most of the respondents (92%) knew about rabies and confirmed at least one species that transmitted the disease (79.6%). Of these respondents, 69% mentioned monkeys, and 67.2% mentioned dogs. However, 16% of the respondents listed an incorrect species. In general, knowledge on the symptoms and signs and on prevention measures was weak. The majority raised pets (93.8%), most commonly dogs and cats, and, of all the pets, 85.7% were claimed to be vaccinated against rabies. A total of 67.3% reported the appearance of free-living wild animals around their houses, mostly marmosets and wild canids; 18.3% reported that sylvatic populations had attacked animals or humans. Seventy-three percent had raised or still were raising wild animals as pets, mostly capuchin monkeys (79.5%) and marmosets (24.1%). This is the first KAP study on sylvatic rabies in Brazil. The data indicate important knowledge gaps and risk behavior within a high-risk population. There is a need for strengthening and improving sylvatic rabies surveillance and control, combined with the intensification of education and information campaigns.

scholarly journals Farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards management of cassava pests and diseases in forest transition and Guinea savannah agro-ecological zones of Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Benedicta Nsiah Frimpong ◽  
Allen Oppong ◽  
Ruth Prempeh ◽  
Zipporah Appiah-Kubi ◽  
Linda A. Abrokwah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Cassava is a major staple root crop in Ghana, which serves as a food security and an income generating crop for farming families. In spite of its importance, the crop is plagued with biotic factors such as pests and diseases, resulting in yield and income reductions. Methods: Farmers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards cassava pest and disease management were investigated. A mixed method research questionnaire was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from 94 cassava farm households across two major cassava growing agro-ecologies. Results: Using descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric analysis, our study revealed that farmers’ knowledge on cassava pests was high but low for diseases. Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius), grasshoppers (Zonocerus variegatus), aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover), mealybugs (Phenacoccus manihoti), termites (Isoptera), and grasscutters (Thryonomys swinderianus) were perceived as the most common damaging pests. Farmers’ descriptions showed that disease pathogens attacked foliar tissues, stem and root tissues and caused leaf dropping and die back. Cassava mosaic disease and root rot were the most common diseases; however, disease descriptions suggested the incidence of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases. Some of the farmers observed mixed infections on their farms. The results also showed that only 25.5% cultivated improved varieties. Management actions applied included field sanitation practices and pesticide application. The effectiveness level of the control actions was rated moderately effective. Conclusions: The analysis showed heterogeneity in personal and farm level characteristics of respondents across the two agro-ecologies, but agro-ecologies were independent of the management practices employed. There is a need to improve farmers’ access to improved disease-free planting materials through efficient dissemination pathways and increase farmers’ knowledge on cassava pests, diseases and integrated management through publfic awareness creation and capacity building by extension agents and research institutions. Continued government investment is needed to achieve sustainable outcomes.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards prevention of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among Bangladeshi population

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Shah Md. Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
A Akter ◽  
KF Mostari ◽  
S Ferdousi ◽  
IJ Ummon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
World Health ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
And Control ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Cornonavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared pandemic by the World Health Organization on the 11th March 2020. The knowledge, attitudes and practices of the population towards the COVID-19, play an integral role in determining community’s readiness to engage themselves in government measures including behavioural change in prevention and control of the disease. Objectives: The study was aimed to determine the knowledge levels, attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19 among the Bangladeshi population. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 1549 adult population across Bangladesh including Dhaka city and rural areas during March-April 2020. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire through online, self-administered and face to face interview. The study instrument consisted of 7 items on socio-demographic characteristics, 12 items on knowledge, 4 items on attitudes and 5 items on practices related to COVID-19. Independent sample t-tests, chi-square tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and binary logistic regression were performed to assess the attitudes and practices in relation to knowledge. Results: Of the total 1549 study population, 1249 were interviewed online, 194 were self-administered and 106 were through face to face interview. The lowest level of knowledge prevailed among the above 50 years’ age group regarding the disease, which was higher among female (p=0.03), and more among the respondents having education level below graduation (p=0.000; OR=1.6, χ2=17.6). Of the total respondents, 73.5% having negative attitude towards use of face mask, though 69.8% having the appropriate knowledge on mode of transmission of the virus (p=0.000). Though, 51.6% of the study population, having adequate knowledge, but only 52.1% using face mask (p>0.05) and 51.8% practicing hand washing (p>0.05). More than 70.0% respondents having knowledge on social distancing, but only 50.0% was practicing it. Male respondents had 1.5 times more knowledge about the social distancing than the female counterpart (p=0.000). Conclusion: Public awareness campaign should be enhanced critically focusing the target audience covering the knowledge gaps, motivation for appropriate practices and further improvement of attitudes towards prevention and control of COVID-19 in Bangladesh thus suggested. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(2): 73-82

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare workers about healthcare waste management at a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Adekunle Olaifa ◽  
Romona D. Govender ◽  
Andrew J. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Healthcare Waste ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Healthcare generates a large amount of healthcare waste (HCW), which is complex to manage because of its variety and potential to create health and safety hazards if improperly handled. It is essential that healthcare workers have appropriate knowledge of and adhere to proper disposal methods for each category of HCW.Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of staff working at a district hospital about HCW management, and measure associations between these variables. Setting: The setting for this study was a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal province.Methods: This was an observational descriptive study among 241 professional and non-professional staff. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.Results: Knowledge of HCW management was generally inadequate, with 42.7% of the participants scoring ‘poor’ overall. Just over half of the participants reported a good attitude towards the appropriate disposal of HCW but only 53.9% demonstrated good HCW management practices. There was a significant (p 0.05) relationship between knowledge and practice and between attitudes and practices (p 0.05).Conclusion: Appropriate training and supervision in HCW management as well as relevant and ongoing in-service training is needed to ensure appropriate knowledge, attitudes and safe practice among all members of staff. As poor practices have been reported on a number of occasions from different hospitals in South Africa, relevant training must also be introduced or improved at undergraduate level.

Projected economic losses from milk performance detriments under heat stress in Québec dairy herds.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronique Ouellet ◽  
Patrick Grenier ◽  
Debora E. Santschi ◽  
Victor Cabrera ◽  
Liliana Fadul-Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Abatement Strategies ◽  
Milk Performance

The objective of this study was to estimate economic losses associated with milk performance detriments under different climate scenarios. A dataset containing milk records of Holstein and daily temperature-humidity indexes compiled over 6 years in two contrasting climatic dairy regions of Quebec Province [Eastern and Southwestern Quebec] was used to develop equations for modeling milk performance. Milk performance, including milk, fat, protein, and lactose yields of dairy herds (kg j-1), were then projected considering six plausible climate scenarios during a climatic reference period [REF: 1971 to 2000] and two future periods [FUT1: 2020 to 2049; FUT2: 2050 to 2079]. Economic losses were assessed by comparing future to reference milk prices based on components. Results indicated that fat and protein yields could decline in the future, thus resulting in economic losses ranging from 5.34 to 7.07 can$ hL-1 in Eastern Quebec, and from 5.03 to 6.99 can$ hL-1 in Southwestern Quebec, depending on the amplitude of future temperature and humidity changes and on whether it is milk quota or cow number which is adjusted to avoid under-quota production. The projected increase in occurrence and duration of heat stress episodes under climate change could result in substantial financial harm for producers, thereby reinforcing the necessity of implementing heat-abatement strategies on dairy farms.

Importance of Prudent Antibiotic Use on Dairy Farms in South Carolina: A Pilot Project on Farmers’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 366-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Friedman ◽  
C. P. Kanwat ◽  
M. L. Headrick ◽  
N. J. Patterson ◽  
J. C. Neely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices
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