scholarly journals Labor Market Trends in Greece over the Crisis Period, 2009-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Maria Botsari ◽  
Stavros Zografakis
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Scarring Effects ◽  
Of Greece

In this paper we present key statistics on the labor market of Greece and the Eurozone over the crisis period 2009-2014, with particular emphasis given to youth and longterm unemployment and its consequences. Statistics on the previous occupations of the unemployed, methods used for seeking work and type of employment sought are also presented. Used data reveal that the change of the working-age population in Greece during the crisis follows a U-shape over age with a greater decline occurring in the 25 to 29 years age group as a result of high emigration of the young age group attributable to the decline in economic activity. Greece suffers from unprecedented and socially unacceptable rates of unemployment with the youth and long-term unemployment rates being even more alarming and worrying as they may have such devastating and long-term debilitating effects on young people that have been called ‘scarring effects’. Those scarring effects on young people are interpreted in the literature’ in terms of two factors, the first factor relating to the depreciation of their human capital and readiness to work and the second relating to the so-called ‘unemployment stigma’.

scholarly journals Dream Guys of Demographic Dividend and Their Economic Preferences

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Mamta Manshani ◽  
P.K. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Demographic Dividend ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Preferences ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
The One

<div><p><em>India is the nation of Young people with lots of dream and aspirations. If they have the skills, right education, health and real choices in life than they are the one who drives the nation towards prosperity. The economic and social progress of the country mainly depends on its young people.</em></p><p><em>By 2020, India is set to become the world’s youngest country with 64 per cent of its population in the working age group. With the West, Japan and even China aging, this demographic potential offers India and its growing economy an unprecedented edge that economists believe could add a significant 2 per cent to the GDP growth rate. Demographic dividend occurs when the proportion of independent people in the total population is larger than dependent people because this indicates that more people have the potential to be productive and contribute to growth of the economy.</em></p><p><em>This paper aims to find out and study personality and economic preferences of youth of India which is likely to benefit from demographic dividend.</em></p></div>

Przemiany w strukturze aktywności ekonomicznej osób w wieku 50+ w Polsce

2014 ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Wasilewska
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Older People ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structure Transformation ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Working Age

The paper presents an analysis of changes in the structure of economic activity of the population in the older working age (50–64 years) in Poland, divided into three age groups. The study period covered the years 1993 to 2013. In addition to classical measures of structure, the synthetic measures of the intensity in structure transformation were used. They were described with the use of base value or year-over-year comparisons, an important complement to the traditional methods in this field. The study revealed little change in the structure of economic activity covered by the study in a dynamic, whereby the lowest stability was observed in the age group 55–59 years. In addition, during the period 2006–2013 an increase in the involvement of mature and older people in the labor market was observed.

scholarly journals The Making of a Work-ready Individual: The Political Economy of Time in a Workfare Program in Israel

2020 ◽  
pp. 089692052097678
Author(s):  
Sara Helman
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Time Density

A neoliberal policy ideal, workfare, aims to transform the long-term unemployed into “work-ready” individuals. Studies of workfare examine their use of technologies of agency and coercion, but do not sufficiently delve into the political economy of time’s role in these technologies. Based on 9 months of participant observation in an Israeli workfare program, this article analyzes how it exploited time and temporality to transform social assistance benefits into a “wage.” I argue that in calculating participants’ activities through “time accountancy,” workfare prepares the unemployed for precarious unemployment at the lower rungs of the labor market. Time accountancy disciplines the unemployed through the enforcement of time regularity and punctuality, under threat of loss of benefits, yet in the absence of time density. Workfare’s apparently incongruous training in efficient “time management” and contrasting “time-filling” practices find concordance in preparing the long-term unemployed for low-wage jobs requiring docility and obedience, for precarious flexible work where new forms of digital and biometric control proliferate.

scholarly journals THE SYSTEM OF RELATIONS OF INNOVATIVE FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
I. Ziankova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Reproduction Process ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
The Republic

In the introduction, a new object of research is indicated – innovative forms of employment in sustainable development, taking into account the principle of reproduction not only of the labor force, but of a working man in general. The purpose of the study is to analyze the system of relations of innovative forms of employment of the population of the Republic of Belarus in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development of the national economy. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the structure of employment of the able-bodied population in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development of the national economy.In the main part, the position is substantiated that today an analysis of the employment of the working-age population below and above its boundaries is carried out without taking into account the first preparatory stage of employment and labor of young people, without taking into account the indices of the level of sustainable socio-economic development of the country (health, education, standard of living, quality of life, healthy lifestyle; the level of development of environmental security and, in general, national security, demographic security).A global qualitative study of global and national documents, statistical data, proving the importance of researching a new object of the labor market – innovative forms of employment, was carried out.The results obtained can be applied in the development of a new object of the labor market – innovative forms of employment, in the construction of personal educational trajectories of young people, the development of the principle of social equality, in the construction of an innovative reproduction process of the population.

scholarly journals Methods of commiting fraud in the field of provision of employment mediation services

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
Iryna Antonyuk
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
Employment Services ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Labor Market Intermediaries ◽  
Industry Affiliation ◽  
The Unemployed

It is emphasized that imperfection and the presence of conflicts in labor and civil legislation have led to the spread of abuses in the labor market. Somewhat «vulnerable» was the provision of employment services, where a fifth of the agreements between the intermediary, the employer and the employee are unpromising. It is emphasized that most employment agreements in the labor market are concluded in such a way that the terms of employment and the nature of the profession, as well as the responsibilities of the employer are very vague, resulting in Ukrainian citizens getting jobs that do not suit them, limit their rights but the terms of the agreement are not formally violated. Meanwhile, in the labor market is gaining momentum options that have elements of deception, and are no longer in the plane of civil law, and are subject to criminal law assessment. The article is devoted to the study of criminological significant features of fraud methods in the field of employment services. Attention is paid to the description of methods, clarification of their features, the implementation of their systematization. It is emphasized that fraudulent actions can be committed by persons related to the labor market - intermediaries, employers and the unemployed (61%), and persons who intentionally pretend to be such persons (49%). At the same time, fraudulent actions can be committed in different sectors of the labor market, in different periods, in different spaces. Based on different classification criteria, all options for fraudulent employment are summarized according to the following criteria: Depending on the subject: 1) persons related to the labor market; 2) persons who intentionally impersonate such persons. Depending on the industry affiliation: 1) fraudulent actions in the field of material production; 2) fraudulent actions in the field of goods and services - non-productive. Depending on the space: 1) deceptive actions in the domestic labor market; 2) fraudulent actions related to employment abroad; 3) fraudulent actions related to getting a job on the Internet (remote access). Depending on the location of employment intermediaries and employers: 1) fraudulent actions committed in offices that have a factual or legal address (fictitious and real employment firms); 2) fraudulent acts committed in "virtual employment centers". According to the legitimacy of labor activity: 1) deceptive actions when offering official employment; 2) fraudulent actions when offering illegal employment. Depending on the forms of employment: 1) fraudulent actions when offering full employment; 2) fraudulent actions when offering a flexible work schedule. Depending on the duration of employment: 1) fraudulent actions when offering long-term employment; 2) fraudulent actions when offering temporary employment (seasonal work, performing a certain type of work during a certain period, etc.).

scholarly journals CAREER DEVELOPMENT EXPECTATIONS OF YOUNG PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1743-1748
Author(s):  
Snezhana Ilieva ◽  
Valeria Vitanova
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Young People ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Career Expectations ◽  
Managerial Competence ◽  
Two Age Groups

The main purpose of the research is to explore the career orientations - functional/technical competence, general managerial competence, security/stability, entrepreneurial creativity (Schein, 1978; 1990) and career development expectations of young people. The sample consists of 160 respondents divided in two age groups – up to 25 years old and between 26-35 years old. All of them have full-time or part-time job positions in organization where information technologies are applied. The respondents are on different stages in their career according the typologies of career development (Savickas, 1995; Schein, 1990). First age group till 25 years old represents the generation “Z” which is just starting their first job and this is the beginning of their career path. Individuals in their mid-twenties are within a stage of exploration and narrow their work preferences. Several career expectations could be unrealistic but individuals within this age seek opportunities to explore careers through work experience and try a variety of job activities in a number of organizations. The second age group (26-35 years old) represents “Y” generation. They are in their establishment career stage where their expectations and preferences are stabilized and realistic. These individuals are highly motivated to succeed and strive for challenge, creativity, achievement and development of their own personal potential. The representatives of those two generations are active workforce at the current moment and their career expectations and orientations should be considered in HRM strategies and practices.The main results of the study show that young people expect in their career to have autonomy and independence, to work with new technologies and to be involved in challenging, innovative and long-term projects. The results from descriptive statistics indicate the expectations of young people to work with new technologies, to strive to promotion and hierarchical career development and to take part in trainings and skills development programs and long-term projеcts. The T-test analysis was made to establish the differences between the age groups. There were not found any differences between the two age groups. The respondents have an orientation more to hierarchical career than to horizontal career and prefer to engage in long-term work projects as well as to develop themselves working in innovative and challenging projects and job tasks. They also tend to invest in improvement of their skills including professional competences, new and diverse soft skills.The main conclusion of the research is that young people strive to combine hierarchical promotion or vertical career with horizontal career. There are no differences between two age groups in their career expectations. Results from regression analysis indicate the existing influence of managerial competence and entrepreneurial creativity on the career expectations. Career profile of the young people combines autonomy/independence, managerial competency and entrepreneurial creativity. The autonomy is a leading career anchor and confirms the assumption that the new generations strive to be more independent and to have self-control in their jobs. This creates career expectation which gives opportunity for personal control, flexibility and aims to go beyond organizational restrictions, rules and procedures. The opportunities for hierarchical career growth are desirable but only if they allow engagement in innovative projects that satisfy the entrepreneurial orientation of the young people. They are ready to develop diverse skills, to be engaged in different challenging innovative projects and to participate in variety of career and personal development programs such as talent management and coaching.

scholarly journals Unemployment after the Great Recession: Why so High? What Can We Do?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Michael Reich
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Federal Deficit ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Unemployed

The surprising increase in U.S. unemployment in the Great Recession and the persistence of long-term unemployment in the economic recovery pose important questions for employment policy. Why did unemployment grow more than forecast? Is the character of long-term unemployment the result of cyclical or structural causes? I discuss eight policy changes that would reduce the ranks of the unemployed and that would improve the efficiency of the labor market. Most of these proposals do not add big-ticket items to the Federal budget; their merits are independent of the question of how large the federal deficit should be at this time.

scholarly journals Przyczyny wykluczenia osób starszych z rynku pracy w Polsce

Ekonomia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Anna Niewiadomska
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Older People ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Occupational Activity ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Working Age

The reasons for exclusion of the elderly from the labor market in PolandIn the last decade there has been a positive trend in the increase in occupational activity of the people from the older groups of the working population, but at the same time there emerges the worrying phenomenon of long-term unemployment in this group. The considerations contained in this study refer to older people, represented by those who belong to the older working age groups. Such a choice was dictated by their increasing share in the workforce and in the long-term unemployed group. The purpose of this article is to answer the question concerning the reasons and mechanism of exclusion of the elderly from the labor market. The point of departure of the discussion is an attempt to approximate the notion of exclusion from the labor market, then the analysis of long-term unemployment among unemployed people over 50 years of age. The main part of the article covers the analysis of factors that can be considered as determining the occupational exclusion of older people. The analysis used the results of research conducted among the unemployed over 50 in Poland as well as data of the Central Statistical Office and the Local Data Bank.

Management of modern demographic policy in the Russian Federation and its impact on the long-term formation of the labor market

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
I.Y. Eremina ◽  
A.V. Chuprova ◽  
V.M. Akker
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Demographic Policy

The article examines the current demographic situation in Russia and assesses its impact on the long-term formation of the labor market. The relevance of the chosen topic is explained by the fact that in recent decades the state of the demographic situation in Russia is unsatisfactory. There are a number of features that slow down the development of the state. Firstly, it is a decrease in the population, secondly, the aging of the economically active population, and thirdly, the high mortality rate of men in working age.

scholarly journals EFFICIENT SUPPLY OF HUMAN CAPITAL: ROLE OF COLLEGE MAJOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (05) ◽  
pp. 1319-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNGJIN CHO ◽  
JIHYE KAM ◽  
SOOHYUNG LEE
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Engineering Majors ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
College Majors ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the extent to which changing the composition of college majors among working-age population may affect the supply of human capital or effective labor supply. We use the South Korean setting, in which the population is rapidly aging, but where, despite their high educational attainment, women and young adults are still weakly attached to the labor market. We find that engineering majors have an advantage in various outcomes such as likelihood of being in the labor force, being employed, obtaining long-term position, and earnings, while Humanities and Arts/Athletics majors show the worst outcomes. We then conduct a back-of-the-envelope calculation of the impact of the recently proposed policy change to increase the share of engineering majors by 10% starting in 2017. Our calculation suggests that the policy change may have a positive but small impact on labor market outcomes.

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