scholarly journals Trends and determinants of contraceptive method choice among women aged 15-24 years in Kenya

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Wambui Kungu ◽  
Alfred Agwanda ◽  
Anne Khasakhala
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Method Choice ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Studies show a gap in addressing the reproductive health goals of younger women whose inconsistent use of contraception is high in spite of their great need for it. The women aged 15-24 present high potential for unintended pregnancy and increase the challenge for retention of users which is key in maintaining and pushing up the current gains in contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR). Objective: The objective of the study was to examine trends in contraceptive method choice for young women aged 15-24 years using modern methods and to determine factors associated with their choices. Methods: The study used data from KDHS of 2003, 2008/9 and 2014 in descriptive analysis and logistic regression to determine the socio-economic variables that influence the choice of contraceptive methods for young women. Results: Results showed a general shift in use towards long term modern contraceptives with the shift being more pronounced among young women with primary education, from rural areas, lower wealth households, and low contraceptive use regions. Women with secondary education and higher wealth status are shifting towards short term methods. Findings confirmed socio-demographic factors of age, education, wealth status and type of region as predictors of contraceptive use. Conclusions: Contraceptive information and services should be enhanced for young women to make informed choices concerning their reproductive and sexual health to enable them complete school and transition to colleges to acquire relevant skills that will make them optimally productive and lead Kenya to achieving the demographic dividend.

CHANGES IN CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN VIETNAM

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
NGUYEN MINH THANG ◽  
VU THU HUONG
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
General Description ◽  
Modern Methods

This analysis used data, primarily from the 1997 Vietnamese Demographic and Health Survey (VN-DHS 1997), to determine the changes in contraceptive use in Vietnam. A descriptive analysis of individual, household and community characteristics was made to obtain a general description of contraceptive use. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were also performed on the currently married in (a) a sample of all women and (b) only those women who live in rural areas, to identify the strength of association that each variable has with the use of modern contraceptives. The use of any contraceptive method and the use of modern methods increased from 1988 to 1997. The primary contraceptive method utilized is the IUD and its use has increased substantially from 1988 to 1997. Younger women (aged 15–24) were less likely to use any contraceptive method. Women not desiring additional children were significantly more likely to use contraceptive methods than those desiring more children. Education has a clear impact on both contraceptive knowledge and use by women, with higher educated women being more likely to use a contraceptive method. Illiterate women with no formal education were significantly less likely to use modern methods of contraception. Differentials in contraceptive use exist regarding place of residence. Urban women are more likely than rural women to use contraception, but the difference is not large. Women living in mountainous areas are less likely to use contraception, compared with women living in the lowlands. Living standards, especially the availability of electricity in the community, have a large effect on the methods of contraception adopted by women. Religion is not strongly related to the contraceptive behaviour of women. There were significant differences in the use of contraceptives in communities with good quality of care, with increased contraceptive use corresponding to the increase in availability of family planning workers at communes, provision of counselling services at health facilities, and the volume of mass media family planning messages.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Peer Contraceptive Use and its Influence on Contraceptive Method Use and Choice among Young Women and Men in Kenya: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Calhoun ◽  
Anastasia Mirzoyants ◽  
Sylvia Thuku ◽  
Lenka Benova ◽  
Therese Delvaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Method Choice

Abstract Background Prior research has established that an individual’s social environment may influence his or her reproductive behaviors, yet less is known about peer influence on contraceptive use among young people (ages 15–24). In Kenya, the site of this study, 15% of adolescents ages 15–19 have begun childbearing and 45% of sexually active young women report current use of a modern contraceptive method. This highlights the need to better understand what factors influence young people to use contraception. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the perception of peers’ use of contraceptives and contraceptive use and method choice among young men and women in Kenya. Methods This study utilizes a nationally representative sample of women and men aged 15–24 years from the 2018 and 2019 cross sectional Shujaaz State of the Kenyan Youth annual surveys. Among the sample of sexually experienced young people (59%), multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the association between the perception of peers’ use of contraceptives and the respondent’s contraceptive method choice: non-user, condom use or use of any other modern method. Results are presented separately for young men and young women. Results Our results show that sexually experienced young men and women who perceive that their peers are using contraceptives are more likely to report current use of modern contraception. Among women and men, the perception that their peers use contraceptives is associated with higher use of condoms compared to being a nonuser; they are also more likely to use condoms than another modern method of contraception. Young women are more likely to use another modern method (not including condoms) than be a nonuser when they perceive that their peers use contraceptives. Conclusions The results of this study highlight the important role of peer influence on young people’s contraceptive choices. These findings can be used to develop programs that encourage behavior change communication activities in Kenya that focus on providing information on the full range of contraceptive methods as well as normalizing contraceptive use among peer groups of sexually experienced young people.

scholarly journals Stress and psychiatric disorder in urban Rawalpindi

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Mumford ◽  
Fareed A. Minhas ◽  
Imtiaz Akhtar ◽  
Saeed Akhter ◽  
Malik H. Mubbashar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Socio Economic Variables

BackgroundRecent studies in rural areas of Pakistan have yielded high prevalence rates of common mental disorders, especially among women.AimsTo investigate emotional distress and common mental disorders in a poor urban district using the same survey method.MethodFirst-stage screening of a slum district of Rawalpindi used the Bradford Somatic Inventory. Psychiatric interviews were conducted with stratified samples using the ICD–10 research diagnostic criteria.ResultsOn a conservative estimate, 25% of women and 10% of men suffered from anxiety and depressive disorders. Levels of emotional distress increased with age in both men and women. Women living in joint households reported more distress than those living in unitary families. Higher levels of education were associated with lower risk of common mental disorders, especially in younger women. Emotional distress was negatively correlated with socio-economic variables among women.ConclusionsThis study found levels of emotional distress and psychiatric morbidity in a poor district of Rawalpindi to be less than half those in a nearby rural village in the Punjab, although rates in women were still double those in men. Possible explanations are that more healthy people migrate to the cities or that urban living is more conducive to good mental health in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Protocol for cluster randomized evaluation of reaching married adolescents - a gender-synchronized intervention to increase modern contraceptive use among married adolescent girls and young women and their husbands in Niger

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Challa ◽  
Stephanie M. DeLong ◽  
Nicole Carter ◽  
Nicole Johns ◽  
Holly Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background Early marriage and early childbearing are highly prevalent in Niger with 75% of girls married before age 18 years and 42% of girls giving birth between ages 15 and 18 years. In 2012, only 7% of all 15–19-year-old married adolescents (male and female) reported use of a modern contraceptive method with barriers including misinformation, and social norms unsupportive of contraception. To meet the needs of married adolescents and their husbands in Niger, the Reaching Married Adolescents (RMA) program was developed with the goal of improving modern contraceptive method uptake in the Dosso region of Niger. Methods Using a four-arm cluster randomized control design, the RMA study seeks to assess whether household visits only (Arm 1), small group discussions only (Arm 2), or a combination of both (Arm 3), as compared to controls (no intervention – Arm 4), improve modern contraceptive method use among married adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), age 13–19 years-old, in three districts of the Dosso region. Intervention conditions were randomly assigned across the three districts, Dosso, Doutchi, and Loga. Within each district, eligible villages were assigned to either that intervention condition or to the control condition (12 intervention and 4 control per district). Across the three intervention conditions, community dialogues regarding modern contraceptive use were also implemented. Data for the study was collected at baseline (April – June 2016), at 24 months post-intervention (April – June 2018), and a final round of data collection will occur at 40 months post-intervention (October – December 2019). Discussion The RMA intervention is a gender-synchronized and community-based program implemented among married adolescent girls and their husbands in the context of rural Niger. The intervention is designed to provide education about modern contraception and to promote gender equity in order to increase uptake of modern contraceptive methods. Results from this cluster randomized control study will contribute to the knowledge base regarding the utility of male engagement as a strategy within community-level approaches to promote modern contraceptive method use in the high need context of West Africa. Trial registration Registered October 2017 - ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03226730.

scholarly journals Identifying factors determining the survival time of under-five year children in rural parts of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lema Abate Adulo ◽  
Samuel Getachew Zewudie
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Mother Education

Abstract In Ethiopia, the remarkable progress in child survival was made. However, Ethiopia is ranked as fifth burden countries of under-five deaths, particularly in rural areas. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify determinants that causes under-five death in the rural parts of Ethiopia. Only 7301 women from rural residence who had under-five children were involved in this study. Descriptive, None-parametric and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to examine the determinants associated with the under-five mortality. This study revealed that 6.5% of children were died before reaching their fifth birthday in the rural parts of Ethiopia. Sex, place of delivery, family size, Mother education, number of under-five children, contraceptive use and source of drinking water had significant effect on the survival time of under-five children. Conclusion: A significant risk factors associated with under-five mortality in rural areas were identified in this study. Children delivered at home, children from uneducated mothers, children from not using contraceptive method mothers, drink water from not piped source had higher risk of death. Giving awareness about benefits of delivering in health facility and uses of contraceptive method, improving mother education and infrastructure like sources of water, decreases mortality of under-five children.

scholarly journals Nomadic Tibetan women’s reproductive health: findings from cross-sectional surveys with a hard-to-reach population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica D. Gipson ◽  
Corrina Moucheraud ◽  
Kunchok Gyaltsen ◽  
Lumo Tsering ◽  
Tabashir Z. Nobari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Western China ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Health Fairs ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Western China has undergone substantial sociodemographic change, yet little is known about the health status of ethnic minority populations living in these areas. Methods We report findings from two cross-sectional surveys conducted with female Tibetan nomads living in rural areas of Western China/Eastern Tibet. We present results of descriptive analyses of data collected from reproductive-aged females who attended community health fairs in 2014 (n = 193) and 2016 (n = 298). Results On average, sexual debut preceded marriage among study participants, with fertility near replacement levels (2.7 and 2.1 in 2014 and 2016, respectively). Contraceptive use was common, and dominated by use of IUDs and female sterilization. Although over three-quarters (76%) of 2016 survey participants reported ever having at least one sexually transmitted infection (STI) symptom, there was low awareness of STIs (59%) and action to prevent STIs (21%). Younger women (< 40) were more likely to report having had had an STI symptom, as compared to older women (84% versus 71%; p < 0.05). Conclusions We demonstrate feasibility of collecting data with this hard-to-reach population. Reporting of STI symptoms warrants further investigation to identify and address health conditions in this population of Tibetan nomadic women, especially amidst broader social and contextual changes that may affect the Tibetan population.

Contraceptive method choice in the Philippines, 1973–83

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (S11) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Zelda Zablan ◽  
Minja Kim Choe ◽  
James A. Palmore ◽  
Tauseef Ahmed ◽  
Adelamar Alcantara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Method Choice ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Contraceptive Prevalence ◽  
Method Mix

SummaryContraceptive use and method mix were analysed using Philippines national survey data of 1973, 1978, and 1983. The analyses suggest that the reported decline in contraceptive prevalence between 1978 and 1983 was due to under-reporting of use in 1973 and 1983. The shifts in contraceptive method mix were also partly from under-reporting of rhythm and other methods in 1973 and 1983. Nevertheless, the determinants of method choice were similar in all three sets of data. Filipino couples were making rational choices in terms of their contraceptive goals, access, evaluation, and competence. Modifications in the directions and magnitude of the relationships in determining method choice also occurred, partly reflecting the increased use of sterilization by older, higher parity women.

DETERMINANTS OF CURRENT CONTRACEPTIVE USE AND METHOD CHOICE IN MONGOLIA

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALTANKHUYAGIIN GERELTUYA ◽  
JANE FALKINGHAM ◽  
JAMES BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Married Women ◽  
First Century ◽  
Primary Sampling Unit ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Method Choice ◽  
Modern Contraceptives ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Using Data

SummaryThis study examines the determinants of current contraceptive use and method choice in Mongolia using data from the 1998 Mongolian Reproductive Health Survey and 2000 Mongolian Population and Housing Census. Since 1976, access to modern contraceptives has been liberalized and all restrictions on the use, distribution and import of contraceptives were removed in 1989. There were some increases in the use of modern contraceptives among married women in the 1990s; however, at the start of the twenty-first century the IUD and periodic abstinence remain the most widely used methods. Women with higher levels of education are more likely to be current users of contraception, and if they are current users, they are more likely to choose the IUD and traditional methods. Women living in rural areas have a higher probability of using contraception and are more likely to choose the IUD and traditional methods. Significant variations exist between primary sampling units in current contraceptive use and in the choice of modern methods. Community-level variables were important predictors in reducing variation between primary sampling unit, when other modern methods were compared with traditional methods.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of contraceptives use among rural young women (15-24 years) in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Gazali Salifu ◽  
Kamaldeen Mohammed ◽  
Mac-Cauley Harrison ◽  
Aaron Atimpe ◽  
Rogers Wuniwumda Abukari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Children

Abstract Background: Contraceptives use has significant effect on controlling fertility, preventing STIs, reducing unwanted pregnancies and induced abortions. The use of contraceptives among reproductive age women (15-49 years) has been largely reported. However, what is unclear is whether the reported prevalence of, and factors that influence the usage of contraceptives is comparable in the context of young adults (aged 15-24 years) in rural areas. The purpose of this study was therefore to report the prevalence and factors that influence contraceptives use among young women (15-24 years) in rural Ghana.Methods: Data (n = 3797) collected using a questionnaire through a mutli-stage probability sampling method in the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS) was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The chi-square test was used to identify significant associations between categorical variables at a significant level of p < 0.05. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses was conducted to explore how well each independent variable predicted contraceptive use. Results: Out of the 3,797 women, only 21.49% (95% CI: 19.56, 23.55) used contraceptives. Number of living children, health insurance, knowledge of fertility period, history of abortion, ever given birth, educational level, age of participants and current union were found to influence contraceptives use. Strong significant predictors (at 95% CI, p<0.05) of contraceptives use were history of abortion, age of participants, educational level, number of living children, and knowledge of fertility period. Conclusion: Low usage of contraceptives has been identified among rural women and so there is the need for policymakers to intensify education and facilitate widespread access to modern contraceptives in rural areas and promote their effective use.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Use of Contraceptive in Indonesia: Analysis from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Haerawati Idris
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Maternal Child Health ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Communication Program ◽  
Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors

Rapid population growth has become a major concern and attention of many national governments and international community. Most developing countries have acknowledged the role of family planning as an effective way to improve maternal/child health and suppress population growth. This study aimed to investigate the socioeconomic and demographic factors that influence the use of contraceptives in Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data derived from National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) in 2014. A sample of 286,695 married women was selected for this study. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the effects of socio-economic and demographic variables on contraceptive use. Only 42% of married women in Indonesia used contraceptive method. The most popular contraceptive method was injection (55%). Factors affecting contraceptive use were maternal age of 30-34 year, living in the urban area, family wealth status in the 4th quintile, secondary school, working women, residing in Java/Bali, and the number of living children > 2. Family planning policy information, education, and communication program should consider these determinants of contraceptive use.

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