scholarly journals Characterization of flow cytometric immuno-phenotyping of acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation and acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
Enass Abdul Kareem Dagher Al-Saadi ◽  
Marwa Ali Abdulnabi ◽  
Faris Hanoon Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Background: Acute leukemias (ALs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with various clinical, morphological, immunophenotypic, and molecular characteristics. Distinguishing between lymphoid and myeloid leukemia is often performed by flow cytometry. This study aimed to evaluate the immunophenotypic characterization and expression of immuno-markers in both acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M0) and acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pathology Department/Teaching Laboratories/Medical City/Iraq and included all patients newly diagnosed with AL from 5 January to 10 December 2018. Immunophenotypic analysis was performed on bone marrow samples, freshly collected in EDTA tubes. Flow cytometry (Canto-2 BD) was used, with laser excitation of blue and red wavelengths. A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) was used for diagnosis, using a SSC/CD45 gating strategy. Results: The study showed 41.6% of AML-M0 patients had no aberrant antigen expression, while 33.3%, 16.6%,  8.3%, and 8.3% had aberrant CD7, CD56, CD2, and CD19, respectively. In 16.6% of AML-M0 cases more than one aberrant antigen was expressed. With regard to T-ALL, 7.0% were pro-T type, 58.0% were pre-T, 13.0% were cortical, and 22.0% were mature-T type. In 55.5% of patients with T-ALL there was no aberrant antigen expression. Conclusion: We concluded that most patients with AML-M0 have no aberrant antigen expression. In patients with T-ALL, the pre-T type is most common, according to the European Group for the Immunological Classification of Leukemias (EGIL) classification. Patients with T-ALL also generally lack aberrant antigen expression.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Leukemia and Associated Factors among Patients with Abnormal Hematological Parameters in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Woldeteklehaymanot Kassahun ◽  
Girum Tesfaye ◽  
Lealem Gedefaw Bimerew ◽  
Diriba Fufa ◽  
Wondimagen Adissu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lymphoid Leukemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Introduction. Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological disorder which comprise several diverse and biologically distinct subgroups. Leukemia represents the 11th and 10th most frequent cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, respectively. Adequate data regarding the prevalence of leukemia are lacking in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of leukemia and associated factors among patients who have abnormal hematological parameters in Jimma Medical Center. Methodology. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 332 patients who have abnormal hematological parameters. Complete blood count from venous blood was made with Sysmex autohematology analyzer (Sysmex XS-500i and XT-1800; Kobe, Japan). Peripheral blood morphology and bone marrow aspirate examination were done for each patient. Descriptive statistics for the prevalence of leukemia and multinomial logistic regression analysis to assess associated factors were executed with IBM SPSS version 25. Results. The prevalence of leukemia was 9.3%, while acute myeloid leukemia, Acute Lymphoid Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and undifferentiated leukemia comprises 3.6%, 2.7%, 1.8%, 0.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. Older Age ( p = 0.019 ), being male ( p = 0.047 ), being anemic ( p = 0.03 ), and rural residency of a patient ( p = 0.044 ) were significantly associated with having acute myeloid leukemia. Conclusion. The prevalence of leukemia among patients who have abnormal hematological parameters in Jimma Medical Center is significant which needs further comprehensive investigations of the associated factors and predictors with more up to date diagnostic methods.

Overall survival of Brazilian acute myeloid leukemia patients according to the European LeukemiaNet prognostic scoring system: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarcila Santos Datoguia ◽  
Elvira Deolinda Rodrigues Pereira Velloso ◽  
Ricardo Helman ◽  
Juliane Garcez Musacchio ◽  
Marco Aurélio Salvino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System A ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Aberrant phenotypes in acute myeloid leukemia in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Suresh Kumar Aparna ◽  
Murugesan Sharmila
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aberrant Phenotype ◽  
Madras Medical College ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease, associated with a high diversity of phenotypes. The study was done with the aim to study about the aberrant phenotypes in acute myeloid leukemia cases and the correlation among the aberrant phenotypes and poor prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 35 cases of newly diagnosed AML according to the selection criteria at Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai for a period of 6 months. Immunophenotyping analysis by flow cytometry was done on fresh bone marrow aspirate or peripheral blood sample by applying Acute Leukemia Panel. The co-expression of different antigen markers on lymphocytes was analyzed.Results: Aberrant lymphoid markers were seen in 17 (49%) cases. 5 (14%) cases had lymphoid associated antigen expression alone. 3 (8%) cases had asynchronous antigen expression alone. 9 (27%) cases had both asynchronous antigen expression and lymphoid associated antigen expression which is of cases . In total, lymphoid associated antigen expression is seen in 41% of cases and asynchronous antigen expression in 35% of cases. CD3, CD19 (lymphoid associated antigen) and CD34+ CD15+ (asynchronous aberrant phenotype) were the most common equally expressed aberrant phenotypes, each in 7 cases. CD 3 was significantly more common in males (P=0.021) but in general there were no statistically significant association between adverse prognostic factors and aberrant phenotypic AML.Conclusions: CD19 and CD3 were the most commonly expressed lymphoid associated antigen. Most common asynchronous aberrant phenotype was CD34+CD15+. None of the aberrant phenotypic expression was not associated with poor risk factors in acute myeloid leukemia except for common expression of CD3 in males.

CD8 T-cell responses to Wilms tumor gene product WT1 and proteinase 3 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 2132-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Scheibenbogen ◽  
Anne Letsch ◽  
Eckhard Thiel ◽  
Alexander Schmittel ◽  
Volker Mailaender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Proteinase 3 ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tumor Gene ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Wilms tumor gene product WT1 and proteinase 3 are overexpressed antigens in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), against which cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be elicited in vitro and in murine models. We performed this study to investigate whether WT1- and proteinase 3-specific CD8 T cells spontaneously occur in AML patients. T cells recognizing HLA-A2.1-binding epitopes from WT1 or proteinase 3 could be detected ex vivo in 5 of 15 HLA-A2–positive AML patients by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ELISPOT assay and flow cytometry for intracellular IFN-γ and in 3 additional patients by flow cytometry only. T cells producing IFN-γ in response to proteinase 3 were further characterized in one patient by 4-color flow cytometry, identifying them as CD3+CD8+CD45RA+ CCR7−T cells, resembling cytotoxic effector T cells. In line with this phenotype, most of the WT1- and proteinase-reactive T cells were granzyme B+. These results provide for the first time evidence for spontaneous T-cell reactivity against defined antigens in AML patients. These data therefore support the immunogenicity of WT1 and proteinase 3 in acute leukemia patients and the potential usefulness of these antigens for leukemia vaccines.

scholarly journals Acute myeloid leukemia chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy: how far up the road have we traveled?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K Tasian
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Car T Cell ◽  
Car T ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Chemotherapy resistance and relapse remain significant sources of mortality for children and adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Further intensification of conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy is likely not feasible due to the severity of acute and long-term side effects upon normal tissues commonly induced by these drugs. Successful development and implementation of new precision medicine treatment approaches for patients with AML, which may improve leukemia remission and diminish toxicity, is thus a major priority. Tumor antigen-redirected chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapies have induced remarkable responses in patients with relapsed or chemorefractory B-lymphoblastic leukemia, and similar strategies are now under early clinical study in adults with relapsed/refractory AML. However, potential on target/off tumor toxicity of AML CAR T-cell immunotherapies, notably aplasia of normal myeloid cells, may limit broader implementation of such approaches. Careful selection of optimal target antigens, consideration of toxicity mitigation strategies, and development of methodologies to circumvent potential CAR T-cell resistance are essential for successful implementation of cellular immunotherapies for patients with high-risk AML.

scholarly journals Formulation of Genetic Counseling Format for Adult Bangladeshi Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. Z. Rahman ◽  
L. Nishat ◽  
Z. A. Yesmin ◽  
L. A. Banu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Acute Myeloid

With the advancement of medical genetics, particular emphasis is given on the genetic counseling worldwide. In Bangladesh, genetic counseling services are not yet developed. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of the myeloid cells of bone marrow. Like other malignant diseases, it may result from a mutation in the DNA. A genetic counseling format will educate the AML patients and provide appropriate medical and emotional support. The aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to develop a genetic counseling format for adult Bangladeshi patients with AML. Taking this into account, a draft format was prepared by reviewing relevant documents available online which was later analyzed by an expert panel through a group discussion and thus a proposed format was developed. To make the format effective in the perspective of Bangladeshi population, the proposed format was applied in counseling, and thus a final format was developed in the English language. This format will educate the counselors, clinicians, and patients about the utility and importance of the genetic counseling and genetic tests. Also, the patients feel comfort regarding the whole counseling process and going for postcounseling treatments and advice. Though it is written in English, it may be translated into mother tongue for better communication during counseling.

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