scholarly journals A case study research on interoperability improvement in Smart Grids: state-of-the-art and further opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Johann Schütz ◽  
Mathias Uslar ◽  
Jürgen Meister
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Efficient Integration ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

With the topic of Smart Grids taking up momentum, challenges to integrate systems from various vendors’ at large scale in a critical infrastructure have arisen. This issue is usually tackled utilizing standards and, therefore, agreements between the various parties. However, the aspect of the interoperability between systems is not only defined by physical connections, but has a multi-faceted dimension which needs to be dealt with at all layers in order for a semantic and cost-efficient integration. Within this contribution, we motivate the need for a procedural way to deal with interoperability in Smart Grids, show the theoretical foundations and the approach taken and present case studies that cover the problem in scope. Based on these case studies, results are critically reflected and conclusions are drawn.

scholarly journals Can We Generalize from Case Studies?

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Large N ◽  
Climate Change Politics ◽  
The Comparative Study

This article considers the role of generalization in comparative case studies, using as exemplars the contributions to this special issue on climate change politics. As a research practice, generalization is a logical argument for extending one’s claims beyond the data, positing a connection between events that were studied and those that were not. No methodological tradition is exempt from the requirement to demonstrate a compelling logic of generalization. The article presents a taxonomy of the logics of generalization underlying diverse research methodologies, which often go unstated and unexamined. I introduce the concept of resonance groups, which provide a causeway for cross-system generalization from single case studies. Overall the results suggest that in the comparative study of complex political systems, case study research is, ceteris paribus, on par with large-N research with respect to generalizability.

Civics education in Malaysia: a clash between ethics, religion and cultural norms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishalache Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Digital Citizenship ◽  
Civics Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Qualitative Approaches

PurposeTo showcase the importance of digital citizenship in the current era. This article compares the nine features of digital citizen provided by Ribble and Bailey (2007) with a case study conducted in a multicultural setting and identifies the tensions between ethics, religion and cultural norms in that environment.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach has been used in this research. Why case study? Because it is unique and provides in-depth, unique and invaluable findings. Case studies researchers have contributed to the development of case study research from diverse disciplines. Historical examples of case studies go back as far as the nineteenth century with the biography of Charles Darwin (Stewart, 2014). The dominance of positivism in science in the late 1940 and 1950s in social science sidelined qualitative approaches such as case studies. Although case study research was often criticized for its inability to support generalizations, and thus, provided limited validity and value as a research design (Merriam, 2009; Stewart, 2014), case study research provides intensive analysis of an issue. A Case study is intrinsic, instrumental and collective (Stake, 1995, 2006). Case study research encourages the detailed enquiry of a unit of analysis within its context.FindingsFindings show that current society needs to be educated on the nine aspects of digital citizenship. In the current era, changes are so rapid that every now and then, there must be collaboration and cooperation between different agencies to ensure that the tension between religiosity, cultural norms and ethics would be able to find some common ground. With more knowledge and wisdom on human rights, sustainability education and project-based learning in Civics Education, teachers, students, parents and community should often meet to decide on controversial issues and find ways to ensure that each one in society has the knowledge, skills and values for digital citizenship to grow and flourish.Originality/valueThe article is original in nature and has much social impact.

An Evaluation of a Test-Driven Security Risk Analysis Approach Based on Two Industrial Case Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gencer Erdogan ◽  
Phu H. Nguyen ◽  
Fredrik Seehusen ◽  
Ketil Stølen ◽  
Jon Hofstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
First Case ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Security Risk Assessment

Risk-driven testing and test-driven risk assessment are two strongly related approaches, though the latter is less explored. This chapter presents an evaluation of a test-driven security risk assessment approach to assess how useful testing is for validating and correcting security risk models. Based on the guidelines for case study research, two industrial case studies were analyzed: a multilingual financial web application and a mobile financial application. In both case studies, the testing yielded new information, which was not found in the risk assessment phase. In the first case study, new vulnerabilities were found that resulted in an update of the likelihood values of threat scenarios and risks in the risk model. New vulnerabilities were also identified and added to the risk model in the second case study. These updates led to more accurate risk models, which indicate that the testing was indeed useful for validating and correcting the risk models.

Design-Based Case Study

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Cynthia C. M. Deaton ◽  
Jacquelynn A. Malloy
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Design Based Research ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Instructional Innovations

Design-based case studies allow researchers to examine instructional innovations that are bounded by perspective, context, and time. Design-based case study is an approach that blends case study research with design-based research in order to more systematically examine the process and products of an intervention. This approach provides a framework for engaging in iterative cycles of data collection and analysis to determine if, how, and why goals of instructional innovations have been met. This chapter provides an overview of the design-based case study approach and responds to common concerns surrounding case study and design-based research and how design-based case studies address these concerns by building on the strengths of both approaches.

scholarly journals Case study research for better evaluations of complex interventions: rationale and challenges

BMC Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Paparini ◽  
Judith Green ◽  
Chrysanthi Papoutsi ◽  
Jamie Murdoch ◽  
Mark Petticrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Empirical Case Studies

Abstract Background The need for better methods for evaluation in health research has been widely recognised. The ‘complexity turn’ has drawn attention to the limitations of relying on causal inference from randomised controlled trials alone for understanding whether, and under which conditions, interventions in complex systems improve health services or the public health, and what mechanisms might link interventions and outcomes. We argue that case study research—currently denigrated as poor evidence—is an under-utilised resource for not only providing evidence about context and transferability, but also for helping strengthen causal inferences when pathways between intervention and effects are likely to be non-linear. Main body Case study research, as an overall approach, is based on in-depth explorations of complex phenomena in their natural, or real-life, settings. Empirical case studies typically enable dynamic understanding of complex challenges and provide evidence about causal mechanisms and the necessary and sufficient conditions (contexts) for intervention implementation and effects. This is essential evidence not just for researchers concerned about internal and external validity, but also research users in policy and practice who need to know what the likely effects of complex programmes or interventions will be in their settings. The health sciences have much to learn from scholarship on case study methodology in the social sciences. However, there are multiple challenges in fully exploiting the potential learning from case study research. First are misconceptions that case study research can only provide exploratory or descriptive evidence. Second, there is little consensus about what a case study is, and considerable diversity in how empirical case studies are conducted and reported. Finally, as case study researchers typically (and appropriately) focus on thick description (that captures contextual detail), it can be challenging to identify the key messages related to intervention evaluation from case study reports. Conclusion Whilst the diversity of published case studies in health services and public health research is rich and productive, we recommend further clarity and specific methodological guidance for those reporting case study research for evaluation audiences.

Making the Case for Case Studies in Deaf Education Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Enns
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Deaf Education ◽  
Deaf Students ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Definition Of

When done well, case studies can provide rigorous and powerful evidence. This chapter provides a definition of case studies and outlines the process of conducting case study research in five stages: (1) determining the research questions, (2) designing the study (case selection and preparation), (3) collecting the data, (4) analyzing the data, and (5) reporting on the findings. In addition, the ways that case studies are uniquely suited to addressing particular questions in the field of deaf education are addressed. The contributions and benefits of conducting case studies to promote strength-based perspectives rather than deficit-model views of deaf students are highlighted throughout the chapter.

The Case Study: A Useful Research Method for Information Management

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Craig Smith
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Research Problems

This paper urges greater recognition of the case study as a research method for information management. It acknowledges concern about the representatives of case studies but by specifying the relationships between epistemology and research methods shows that this concern is misplaced. Representatives is irrelevant for many research purposes, particularly when the distinction is made between logical and statistical inference. The validity of explanations or theory derived from case studies depends on the logic of the analysis and acknowledgement of ceteris paribus conditions, not on how typical the cases may be. Typologies of case studies have been proposed and these are considered, together with recommendations for the conduct of systematic and rigorous case study research. It is stressed that research problems should be addressed using appropriate research methods. Research of the important problems within the management area frequently demands a qualitative research approach, though it would seem that such an approach is often ignored because of a positivist research orientation. An assessment of the strengths and weakness of the case study method, which highlights its potential in the vital role of theory-building, leads to the conclusions that this method has much to commend it to information management researchers (1).

scholarly journals Why Community-Based Tourism and Rural Tourism in Developing and Developed Nations are Treated Differently? A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5938
Author(s):  
Seweryn Zielinski ◽  
Yoonjeong Jeong ◽  
Seong-il Kim ◽  
Celene B. Milanés
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Tourism ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Developed Nations

Rural community tourism initiatives in developed nations share most positive and negative characteristics with community-based tourism (CBT) initiatives in developing nations. They also share many barriers and conditions for tourism development. What makes them different is the context in which they operate. This paper identifies the main conditions that explain these differences through a review of findings from 103 location-specific case studies and other available literature that provides empirical evidence. The paper also explores the usage of the concepts of CBT and rural tourism. The findings are discussed under seven categories: Definitions, socioeconomic and cultural factors, policy and governance, land ownership, community cohesiveness, assimilation of external stakeholders, and type of visitors. It is argued that it is the developing-/developed-nation context, and not objectively established criteria, which largely dictates authors’ narratives with corresponding takes on tourism development and subsequent recommendations. The paper engages in a discussion about case-study research, its weaknesses and tendencies, providing some recommendations on how to increase the contribution of case studies to knowledge, and calls for more research on externally assisted non-Indigenous community-tourism initiatives in developed nations.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Robustness of Causal Claims Based on Case Study Research on Conflict Zones: Observations from Fieldwork in Donbas

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Stefan Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Central Case ◽  
Data Requirements

Abstract Focusing on process tracing and using the example of fieldwork in Donbas, I develop an argument on what theoretically grounded and empirically detailed methodological solutions can be considered to mitigate the challenges of research on conflict zones and assure the robustness of any causal claims made. I first outline my assumptions about process tracing as the central case study method and its application to research on conflict zones, and then discuss in more detail data requirements, data collection, and data analysis. Using two examples of case studies on the war in and over Donbas, I illustrate how three standards of best-practice in process tracing—the need for a theory-guided inquiry, the necessity to enhance causal inference by paying attention to (and ruling out) rival explanations, and the importance of transparency in the design and execution of research—can be applied in the challenging circumstances of fieldwork-based case studies of conflict zones. I conclude by suggesting that as a minimum threshold for reliance upon causal inferences, these three standards also should align with a standard of evidence that requires both the theoretical and empirical plausibility of any conclusions drawn.

scholarly journals Grammaticalization and the linguistic individual: new avenues in lifespan research

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Anthonissen ◽  
Peter Petré
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Grammatical Change ◽  
Adult Cognition

AbstractThis paper reviews theoretical and methodological advances and issues in lifespan research and discusses how the issues at stake are addressed in an ongoing research project. Summarizing the state of the art, we conclude that next to nothing is known about lifespan changes affecting syntactic or grammaticalizing constructions that goes beyond exploratory or anecdotal evidence. The Mind-Bending Grammars project, which examines the adaptive powers of adult cognition and constraints on these powers, aspires to make headway in this area. In this paper, we introduce some of the major goals of the project and present a new large-scale longitudinal corpus of 50 adults that was established to study grammatical change across the lifespan. Particular attention is paid to the constraints on the adoption of novel grammatical patterns in the aging mind. Taking be going to as a case study, we present evidence that (highly educated) healthy monolingual speakers continue to participate in grammatical innovations across the lifespan.

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