Designing Complex Systems: Key Research Methods and Questions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Leonid Zvyagin
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Full Study ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Further Development

There are various methods for studying complex systems, which consist of a combination of analysis and synthesis procedures. However, it should be noted that in practice, many methods and procedures for system analysis of complex systems are not used. This is due to the fact that when studying complex systems using simple tools and simplified schemes, disorientation is often formed in a dynamic and contradictory reality, and this in turn leads to a decrease in the rate of further development of the system. The study of a complex system must be carried out according to a pre-developed methodology, which uses methods that take into account the features and conditions of functioning of a complex system. If the system is so complex that none of the methods is suitable for a full-fledged study of problems, it is necessary to divide it into several parts, which will be available for a full study and system analysis of both the whole complex system and its main components.

scholarly journals Model of the Process of Conducting Computer Attacks Using Special Information Influences

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Sergey Kondakov ◽  
◽  
Ilya Rud ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Research Method ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Computer Attacks ◽  
Special Information

Purpose of work: development of a model of the process of conducting a computer attack. Research method: theory of complex systems, comparative analysis within the framework of system analysis and synthesis. Result: it is shown that the application of the proposed model of the process of conducting computer attacks allows you to fully describe the process, taking into account its inherent features and characteristics. The use in the model of information from the MITRE ATTACK database of Mitre, which contains a description of the tactics, techniques and methods used by cybercriminals, allows you to reduce the level of abstraction and describe specific scenarios for conducting complex targeted computer attacks with the maximum approximation to practice. The developed model is supposed to be used to form scenarios of computer attacks when assessing the security of information systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of the influence of risk factors on the efficiency of innovation-investment projects in construction

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Yuliia Mykytyuk
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Modeling Technology ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Further Development

Introduction. Despite extensive research in the field of innovation, it is necessary to point out the lack of methodological approaches to assess the efficiency of innovation activity of enterprises, although a wide range of recommendations based on existing approaches have been made to address certain aspects of these issues, but they require further development, deepening and systematization. including those taking into account risk factors. The importance of addressing the issues of improving existing methods of assessing the effectiveness of investment in innovation, developing methodological approaches to quantitative assessment of the level of innovation risk and uncertainty, finding ways to choose between alternative options for investing in innovative projects, defines the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the organizational provisions of the analysis of the influence of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovative investment projects in construction. In order to achieve this goal, we are tasked with: determining the impact of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovation and investment projects; consider the use of cognitive risk modeling of an investment project. Research methods. To achieve this goal, the article uses the following general scientific and specific research methods: analysis and synthesis - to improve the interpretation of the concept of “innovation risk”; systematic approach - to clarify the economic content of the concept of “efficiency of innovation-investment projects”; expert evaluation - to calculate the integral values of risk in the implementation of innovative investment projects in construction. Results. The application of cognitive modeling methodology in the process of analyzing the effectiveness of innovation investment projects is substantiated, it is established that the use of cognitive modeling technology can be considered as one of the possible options for the development of methodological tools for risk assessment of innovative projects in terms of time constraints and the need to take into account the complex system of interconnectedness the number of heterogeneous risk factors. Discussion. Prospects for further development of the research are structuring and risk assessment, depending on the level of influence on the effectiveness of innovation- investment projects, taking into account organizational, management, production and financial and economic risks. The use of cognitive modeling technology should be considered as one of the possible ways of developing methodological tools for assessing the risks of innovative projects in the conditions of limited time and the need to take into account the complex system of interrelationships of a large number of heterogeneous risk factors. Further scientific research towards the analysis of the influence of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovation- investment projects in construction should be taken as a basis for the development of an adequate anti-risk mechanism for managing the efficiency of innovation-investment projects.

scholarly journals METHOD OF FORMING NOMENCLATURE AND NUMBER OF SPARE PARTS FOR MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF SPECIAL MACHINES OF MILITARY PURPOSE

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Andrey Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Impact

The system for the maintenance and repair of special military vehicles (SMV) is a complex system. The study of such systems is based primarily on system analysis and synthesis. The complexity of the study of the system of maintenance and repair of the SMV is due to the weak formalization of the processes and data on the impact of the operating time and duration of the period of time the SMV is in operation on the likelihood of their failure-free operation. To improve the efficiency of the functioning of the existing system of maintenance and repair of the SMV, a method for the formation of the nomenclature and the number of spare parts has been proposed.

DoE Study in Building Surrogate Models for Complex Systems

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Ge ◽  
Nanxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
System Design ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Surrogate Models ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Surrogate models are used as a substitute for sophisticated system analysis in engineering design in order to improve efficiency, enhance understanding of problem domains and facilitate multidisciplinary design trade-offs. However, the cost of acquiring knowledge and information needed to build high-quality surrogate models may greatly undermine the advantages of using them. This is particularly significant for building surrogate models in complex system design where collection of necessary modeling data can be extremely expensive. In the existing researches, though different Design of Experiment (DoE) techniques are proposed to reduce the cost of data collection, general guidelines are absent in applying these methods into different design scenarios in industrial practice. In our work, a study is conducted to investigate different DoE methods and their impact on building high-quality surrogate models for complex systems. Several DoE methods are studied and their effectiveness in highly nonlinear engineering domains are compared through case studies of a vehicle system design problem. This paper summarizes the study results and attempts to provide valuable knowledge for the related research and applications of DoE methods in building surrogate models for complex system designs.

System analysis and building a model of information flows of the greenhouse complex

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
V. Lysenko ◽  
◽  
N. Zaets ◽  
D. Polishchuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The analysis of existing methods and systems of management of the greenhouse complex is carried out. It has been determined that the most expedient is the development of new methods and control systems that would take into account the mutual influence of microclimate parameters, predicted changes in external natural disturbances and determine the most energy efficient modes of functioning of the greenhouse economy. A systematic analysis of the greenhouse complex at the stages of structural, functional, informational and parametric analysis was carried out. A system of goals and a tree of goals for the energy efficient functioning of the greenhouse complex has been built using the decomposition of goals and objectives and synthesis with the definition of the components of the greenhouse economy. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of information flows between subsystems have been determined and a model of information flows has been built. For the purpose of carrying out functional analysis and synthesis, the method of mathematical description is used - the theory of graphs. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of information flows between subsystems have been determined using the construction of a model of information flows. A parametric analysis and synthesis were carried out to determine the main controlled and regulated parameters of the greenhouse complex in order to ensure the maximum efficiency of the control system. Structural analysis and synthesis were carried out with the definition of the components of the greenhouse economy, the interrelationships of the subsystems of the greenhouse complex were analyzed and it was proved that the object under study is a complex system. The directions of further research have been formed for the processes of self-organization and management of information flows of the greenhouse complex, which provide for a plurality of scenarios for further development. Key words: greenhouse complex, system analysis, information flows, goal tree, energy efficient management

Scientific-methodological approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of using combine harvesters by large-scale agricultural producers

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
V. Skibchyk ◽  
V. Dnes ◽  
R. Kudrynetskyi ◽  
O. Krypuch
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Production Unit ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Combine Harvesters

Аnnotation Purpose. To increase the efficiency of technological processes of grain harvesting by large-scale agricultural producers due to the rational use of combine harvesters available on the farm. Methods. In the course of the research the methods of system analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system-factor and system-event approaches, graphic method were used. Results. Characteristic events that occur during the harvesting of grain crops, both within a single production unit and the entire agricultural producer are identified. A method for predicting time intervals of use and downtime of combine harvesters of production units has been developed. The roadmap of substantiation the rational seasonal scenario of the use of grain harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers is developed, which allows estimating the efficiency of each of the scenarios of multivariate placement of grain harvesters on fields taking into account influence of natural production and agrometeorological factors on the efficiency of technological cultures. Conclusions 1. Known scientific and methodological approaches to optimization of machine used in agriculture do not take into account the risks of losses of crops due to late harvesting, as well as seasonal natural and agrometeorological conditions of each production unit of the farmer, which requires a new approach to the rational use of rational seasonal combines of large agricultural producers. 2. The developed new approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of the use of combined harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers allows taking into account the costs of harvesting of grain and the cost of the lost crop because of the lateness of harvesting at optimum variants of attraction of additional free combine harvesters. provides more profit. 3. The practical application of the developed road map will allow large-scale agricultural producers to use combine harvesters more efficiently and reduce harvesting costs. Keywords: combine harvesters, use, production divisions, risk, seasonal scenario, large-scale agricultural producers.

NETWORK MODELS AS A SOLUTION FOR COMPLEX TECHNICAL PRODUCT`S DIAGNOSING PROBLEMS SOLVING

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Strakhov ◽  
A. A. Karasev
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Functional Testing ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Complex Technical Systems ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Formalized Description ◽  
Diagnostic Software

Authors explore issue of applicability of the methodology of building diagnostic software using network formal models in the functional testing of electronic equipment as part of complex technical systems. Using methods of system analysis allows to perform a decomposition of interdependent subsystems and to reveal basic acts of interaction between the control‑verification equipment and the object of diagnosis. Mathematical apparatus of Petri nets should be employed for the formalized description of such acts and determined the cause‑and‑effect relations in the diagnosed complex system`s processes. Network models properties studying (such as safety and accomplishment of the final positions) allows us to move to the test object`s algorithm`s developing. The article presents an approach of a formalized description for basic acts of interaction between the diagnosis system and the object.

In-Between and Through: Architecture and Complexity

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Ribeiro Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Anja Pratschke ◽  
Renata La Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Complex Thought ◽  
Basic Characteristics

This paper draws on current research on complexity and design process in architecture and offers a proposal for how architects might bring complex thought to bear on the understanding of design process as a complex system, to understand architecture as a way of organizing events, and of organizing interaction. Our intention is to explore the hypothesis that the basic characteristics of complex systems – emergence, nonlinearity, self-organization, hologramaticity, and so forth – can function as effective tools for conceptualization that can usefully extend the understanding of the way architects think and act throughout the design process. To illustrate the discussions, we show how architects might bring complex thought inside a transdisciplinary design process by using models such as software engineering diagrams, and three-dimensional modeling network environments such as media to integrate, connect and ‘trans–act’.

scholarly journals Toward Reverse Engineering to Economic Analysis: An Overview of Tools and Methodology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Faggini ◽  
Bruna Bruno ◽  
Anna Parziale
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

AbstractFollowing the reverse engineering (RE) approach to analyse an economic complex system is to infer how its underlying mechanism works. The main factors that condition the difficulty of RE are the number of variable components in the system and, most importantly, the interdependence of components on one another and nonlinear dynamics. All those aspects characterize the economic complex systems within which economic agents make their choices. Economic complex systems are adopted in RE science, and they could be used to understand, predict and model the dynamics of the complex systems that enable to define and to control the economic environment. With the RE approach, economic data could be used to peek into the internal workings of the economic complex system, providing information about its underling nonlinear dynamics. The idea of this paper arises from the aim to deepen the comprehension of this approach and to highlight the potential implementation of tools and methodologies based on it to treat economic complex systems. An overview of the literature about the RE is presented, by focusing on the definition and on the state of the art of the research, and then we consider two potential tools that could translate the methodological issues of RE by evidencing advantages and disadvantages for economic analysis: the recurrence analysis and the agent-based model (ABM).

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