Risk Factors of Malignant Neoplasms of Female Genital Organs (Review of Literature)

10.12737/3326 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сулейманова ◽  
N. Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Hormone Homeostasis ◽  
Female Genital

The scientific review discusses the correlation between the MN morbidity rate of the female genitalia and the factors of the external and internal environment of the body: genetic (hereditary) and environmental (exogenous and endogenous). The author notes that the significance of the factors in the development of oncological process is different depending on the form and localizations of malignant tumors. Identified genes are responsible for the appearance of hereditary ovarian cancer (however, the genes of predisposition to cancer of body and cervix of the uterus don’t identified so far). The role of human papillomavirus infection (in the genesis of pre-cancerous lesions and cervical cancer) in hormone homeostasis due to functional and anatomical changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system (in formation of cancer of the womb and ovaries) is proved, including the background processes and pre-cancerous changes in the occurrence of all forms of genital cancer. A number of researchers consider benign tumors as an intermediate in the pathological process changes that lead with time under the influence of certain factors to be precancerous and malignant transformation. Significant fluctuations in the frequency of malignant tumors of female genital organs in different ethnic groups of the population are scientifically confirmed. Correlation frequency of cancer of the genitalia in women with age, and state of the immune system are noted.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Characteristics of Salivary Gland Tumors in an Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafise Shamloo ◽  
Alireza Ghanadan ◽  
Fahimeh Sadat Hashemian ◽  
Maedeh Ghorbanpour
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adenoid Cystic

Background: Salivary gland tumors include a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region. Although these tumors are not common, they are not rare. The prevalence of these tumors varies with regard to age, gender, and their location in the body. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in patients referred to three referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study examined the demographic and pathologic records of the patients with salivary gland tumors submitted to the Department of Pathology of Amir Alam, Loghman Hakim, and Shohada Hospitals from 2005 to 2016. In this study, the histological variants of salivary gland tumors and clinical parameters such as age, gender, and the location of the tumor were examined. The clinical data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Results: Of 137632 patient records, 1180 cases were salivary gland tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma in 794 cases (67.3%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma in 109 cases (9.2%) were the most common tumors, respectively. Salivary gland tumors were more common in males, and the participants’ mean age was 42.86 ± 16.5 years. The most common site was parotid and minor salivary glands, with 937 (79.4%) and 137 (12%) cases, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, the most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland, and the most common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma in the major salivary glands. Furthermore, benign tumors were more frequent than malignant tumors.

scholarly journals Histopathological study of soft tissue tumours in a tertiary health centre in southern part of Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3391
Author(s):  
Khadija S. Tapadar ◽  
Manoj K. Deka ◽  
R. N. Chaubey ◽  
Shah A. Sheikh ◽  
Gargi R. Choudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vascular Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Younger Age

Background: Soft tissue tumors are defined as mesenchymal proliferations which occur in the extraskeletal non-epithelial tissues of the body, excluding the viscera, coverings of brain and   lymphoreticular system. The objective of this study was to study the histopathological features of soft tissue tumors and to study the occurrence of soft tissue tumors in relation to age, sex and anatomical site.Methods: This study comprised of 89 cases studied over a period of two years. All soft tissue tumors, their gross features, microscopic findings were analysed in detail. Soft tissue tumors were divided into benign and malignant categories and further sub typing were done according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The distribution of soft tissue tumors according to the age, sex and site of occurrence was studied.Results: Out of 89 cases of soft tissue tumors, 76 cases were benign, 4 cases belonged to intermediate category and 9 cases were malignant. Adipocytic tumors formed the largest group constituting 39 cases. Vascular tumors were the second commonest (26 cases) followed by peripheral nerve sheath tumors (11 cases). The benign tumors were seen in younger age as compared to malignant tumors. Malignant soft tissue tumors was seen to be more common in male than female and pleomorphic sarcoma and liposarcoma was commonest (3 cases each).Conclusions: Benign tumors were more common than malignant. The most common benign tumors were lipoma followed by hemangioma and schwannoma. The most common malignant tumor was pleomorphic sarcoma. The benign tumors were seen in younger age as compared to malignant tumors.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Tumors and Non-Neoplastic Proliferative Lesions in Pet Degus (Octodon degus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Tanja Švara ◽  
Mitja Gombač ◽  
Alessandro Poli ◽  
Jožko Račnik ◽  
Marko Zadravec
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Hepatocellular Adenoma ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Octodon Degus ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Veterinary Faculty

In recent years, degus (Octodon degus), rodents native to South America, have been becoming increasingly popular as pet animals. Data about neoplastic diseases in this species are still sparse and mainly limited to single-case reports. The aim of this study was to present neoplastic and non-neoplastic proliferative changes in 16/100 pet degus examined at the Veterinary Faculty University of Ljubljana from 2010 to 2015 and to describe the clinic-pathological features of these lesions. Twenty different lesions of the integumentary, musculoskeletal, genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems were diagnosed: amongst these were 13 malignant tumors, six benign tumors, and one non-neoplastic lesion. Cutaneous fibrosarcoma was the most common tumor (7/16 degus). It was detected more often in females (6/7 degus) and lesions were located mainly in hind limbs. The gastrointestinal tract was frequently affected, namely with two malignant neoplasms - an intestinal lymphoma and a mesenteric mesothelioma, four benign tumors – two biliary cystadenomas, an oral squamous papilloma and a hepatocellular adenoma, and a single non-neoplastic proliferative lesion. In one animal, two organic systems were involved in neoplastic lesions.

scholarly journals PEComa: A Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor in the Liver—A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faseeh Khaja ◽  
Allison Carilli ◽  
Said Baidas ◽  
Aravindhan Sriharan ◽  
Shanedelle Norford
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumors

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors are soft tissue tumors that can occur in various locations in the body whose incidence is rising. Hepatic PEComas are quite rare and diagnosis involves positivity of Melan-A and HMB45 on immunohistochemistry. Usual treatment is surgery for benign tumors and chemotherapy including mTOR inhibitors for malignant tumors. Here we discuss the radiological and pathological diagnosis, evaluation, and management of a hepatic PEComa. We describe a 51-year-old patient who was diagnosed incidentally after unusual physical exam findings.

scholarly journals Neurofibromatosis in Children: Actually and Perspectives

Children ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Sur ◽  
Ionel Armat ◽  
Genel Sur ◽  
Diana-Cristina Pop ◽  
Gabriel Samasca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Nf1 Gene ◽  
Clear Delineation ◽  
Tumor Management

The three types of neurofibromatosis, namely type 1, type 2, and schwannomatosis, are generally associated with various benign tumors affecting the skin and the nervous system. On rare occasions, especially in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), malignant neoplasms may also be present, several of them possessing a more aggressive course than in individuals without this syndrome. As such, a clear delineation between the three variants of neurofibromatosis is crucial to establish the correct diagnosis and management, as well as predict the neoplasm-related outcomes. Neurofibromin, the principal product of the NF1 gene, is a potent inhibitor of cellular proliferation, having been linked to several key signaling pathways involved in tumor growth. Therefore, it may provide a useful therapeutic target for tumor management in these patients. In this article, we want to present the association between deficiency of neurofibromin and the consequences of the lack of this protein leading to different kinds of malignant tumors. The therapy is still uncertain and most therapeutic options are in development or clinical trials.

scholarly journals Morbidity with malignant neoplasms of female genital organs in Amur region

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
T. S. Bystritskaya ◽  
L. I. Merekina ◽  
T. E. Dyubanova ◽  
A. B. Maksimova ◽  
E. N. Zaritskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Unfavourable Prognosis ◽  
Genital Neoplasms ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Female Genital

Morbidity with malignant neoplasms offemale genital organs in Amur region makes up 38-45per 100000 women. Cervical and uterine carcinomae dominate through all malignant tumors. The authors point to the low rate оfcase detecting as to women with genital neoplasms. Late diagnostics lead to unfavourable prognosis. General cancer mortality decreased for the last three years but still remains high. To reduce the rate of oncological diseases a regional programme including tumor and pretumor screening is to be elaborated.

scholarly journals HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF NEOPLASTIC LESIONS OF KIDNEY- A THREE YEARS STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saket Sarswat ◽  
Vimlesh . ◽  
D.P. Soni
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Paediatric Age

Background: Kidney can be involved in various pathological process. Both benign & malignant tumors can occur in the kidney. They arise from different components of renal parenchyma, notably tubular epithelium.1 99 percent of renal neoplasms are malignant, with renal cell carcinoma and wilm’s tumor being the most common2. Men have higher incidence than women (approximately 1.6:1) and vast majority are diagnosed after 65 years of age. Material and methods: Prospective and retrospective study from January 2017 to December 2019 in the Department of Pathology. Results: The study comprised of 67 cases of neoplastic conditions, out of which 63 cases are malignant and only 4 cases were recorded as benign. Conclusion: Malignant tumors far more common than benign lesions. In adults and older individuals, renal cell carcinoma was most common while among paediatric age group, wilms tumor was most common. Benign tumors were uncommon. Keywords: Kidney, renal cell carcinoma, wilms tumor

scholarly journals Key genetic disorders in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
O. O. Chernysheva ◽  
A. E. Drui ◽  
D. Yu. Kachanov ◽  
T. V. Shamanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Embryonic Origin

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system of embryonic origin, consisting of undifferentiated neuroectodermal cells of the neural crest.In the structure of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in patients under one year of age, NB is the most common tumor. At the same time, mortality of this disease ranks third, behind leukemias and tumors of the central nervous system, and amounts to 13% in the structure of child mortalityfrom malignant tumors in developed countries. The stratification of patients to the risk groups and the subsequent determination of treatment tactics depends on several prognostic factors, including genetic aberrations identified in tumor cells. Moreover, processes such as spontaneous regression and transformation into benign tumors are due to the genetic characteristics of NB. Thus, the study of genetic disorders underlying the pathogenesis of NB is necessary for adequate subdivision of patients into risk groups and developing of new methods of treatment. 

scholarly journals Tumor growth - a modern view of pathogenesis and pharmacotherapy (lecture)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Tyukavin ◽  
Sergei V. Suchkov
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Oncological Centers

The lecture presents up-to-date information on the prevalence of cancer in the world and in the Russian Federation. The main risk factors and causes of malignant tumors are considered. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of transformation of normal cells into tumor cells, and the role of oncogenes and anti-oncogenes in the initiation of malignant growth is shown. Based on modern information about carcinogenesis, the pathogenetic significance of the molecular mechanisms of malignant cell growth at various stages (initiation, promotion, progression) of the tumor process is shown. The mechanisms of evasion of tumors from the influence of immune and other mechanisms that restrain their emergence and development in the body are described, and it is also shown how the spread (metastasis) of malignant cells occurs. The modern tumor markers are presented, on the basis of which the earlier detection of malignant diseases is performed. Particular attention is paid to molecular diagnostic approaches to assessing the risk of occurrence and early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms. Genomic, epigenetic and interactomic tumor markers, which are used in leading domestic and foreign oncological centers, are considered. The most promising approaches to the creation of effective anticancer drugs obtained on the basis of the achievements of molecular biology and bioinformatics are highlighted.

scholarly journals Teknik Pemeriksaan Kedokteran Nuklir Bone Scan di Instalasi Radiologi RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Nanik Sudaryatmi ◽  
Siti Masrochah ◽  
Muhammad Erfansyah
Keyword(s):  
Bone Scan ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Total Body

Background: A bone scan or commonly referred to as bone print is nuclear medicine examination using a radioactive substance or radiopharmaceutical that is inserted into the body through intravenous injection which aims to help diagnose abnormalities that occur in the bone. This imaging procedure uses a radiopharmaceutical 99mTc-MDP (methylenediphosphonate) is the most commonly used radiopharmaceutical.Methods: The patient will be injected with this radiopharmaceutical at a dose of 15-20 mCi, through the vein in the hand. Imaging can be done as soon as the radiopharmaceutical is injected or after a while to wait for the radiopharmaceutical to be distributed and absorbed by the bone, about 3-5 hours later. Imaging is done by three-phase method, namely the first phase (Vascular phase), the second phase (Blood Pool phase), and the third phase (Total body phase) l.Results: The bone scan method is an efficient examination because in 1x the imaging can provide a complete picture from the head to the foot. Evaluation of results, under normal conditions the distribution of radioactivity in the bone appears symmetrical.Conclusion: In the process of bone metastasis, it can be seen that typical pathological radioactivity can be multiple (multiple hot spots). Malignant tumors can be distinguished from benign tumors by blood pool examination.

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