scholarly journals Morbidity with malignant neoplasms of female genital organs in Amur region

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
T. S. Bystritskaya ◽  
L. I. Merekina ◽  
T. E. Dyubanova ◽  
A. B. Maksimova ◽  
E. N. Zaritskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Unfavourable Prognosis ◽  
Genital Neoplasms ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Female Genital

Morbidity with malignant neoplasms offemale genital organs in Amur region makes up 38-45per 100000 women. Cervical and uterine carcinomae dominate through all malignant tumors. The authors point to the low rate оfcase detecting as to women with genital neoplasms. Late diagnostics lead to unfavourable prognosis. General cancer mortality decreased for the last three years but still remains high. To reduce the rate of oncological diseases a regional programme including tumor and pretumor screening is to be elaborated.

scholarly journals Cancer Mortality Trend in Central Italy: Focus on A “Low Rate of Land Use” Area from 1982 to 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Santilli ◽  
Stefano Martellucci ◽  
Jennifer Di Pasquale ◽  
Cecilia Mei ◽  
Fabrizio Liberati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
Low Rate

The aim of the present study was to estimate total cancer mortality trends from 1982 to 2011 in a “low rate of land use” province of the Latium region (Rieti, central Italy) characterized by a low degree of urbanization, a high prevalence of elderly, and a low number of births. Mortality data of the studied period, provided by the Italian National Institute of Statistics, were used for calculating standardized cancer mortality rates. Trends in mortality were analyzed using Joinpoint regression analysis. Results showed that total standardized cancer mortality rates decreased in the monitored area over the study period. A comparison with other provinces of the same region evidenced that the studied province presented the lowest cancer mortality. The three systems/apparatuses affected by cancer that mainly influenced cancer mortality in the monitored province were the trachea-bronchus-lung, colorectal-anus, and stomach. These findings could be attributed to the implement of preventive initiatives performed in the early 2000s, to healthier environmental scenario, and to lower levels of carcinogenic pollutants in air, water, and soil matrices. Thus, our results indicate that the studied area could be considered a “healthy” benchmark for studies in oncological diseases.

Risk Factors of Malignant Neoplasms of Female Genital Organs (Review of Literature)

10.12737/3326 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сулейманова ◽  
N. Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Hormone Homeostasis ◽  
Female Genital

The scientific review discusses the correlation between the MN morbidity rate of the female genitalia and the factors of the external and internal environment of the body: genetic (hereditary) and environmental (exogenous and endogenous). The author notes that the significance of the factors in the development of oncological process is different depending on the form and localizations of malignant tumors. Identified genes are responsible for the appearance of hereditary ovarian cancer (however, the genes of predisposition to cancer of body and cervix of the uterus don’t identified so far). The role of human papillomavirus infection (in the genesis of pre-cancerous lesions and cervical cancer) in hormone homeostasis due to functional and anatomical changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system (in formation of cancer of the womb and ovaries) is proved, including the background processes and pre-cancerous changes in the occurrence of all forms of genital cancer. A number of researchers consider benign tumors as an intermediate in the pathological process changes that lead with time under the influence of certain factors to be precancerous and malignant transformation. Significant fluctuations in the frequency of malignant tumors of female genital organs in different ethnic groups of the population are scientifically confirmed. Correlation frequency of cancer of the genitalia in women with age, and state of the immune system are noted.

scholarly journals MORTALITY DUE TO MALIGNANT TUMORS IN WORKERS EMPLOYED IN THE COMPLEX PROCESSING OF COPPER METALLURGICAL WASTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
V. I. Adrianovsky ◽  
G. Ya. Lipatov ◽  
E. A. Kuzmina ◽  
N. V. Zlygosteva
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Copper Metallurgy

Introduction. Workers engaged in the complex processing of copper metallurgy waste are in contact with inorganic compounds of arsenic, nickel, lead, cadmium, and hexavalent chromium. The purpose of the study is to estimate the degree of carcinogenic risk for workers employed in the processing of copper metallurgy waste. Material and methods. The results of a retrospective study of deaths from cancer of workers in the recycling of copper metallurgy (sulfuric acid, bluestone and nickel vitriol production and processing of anode slimes) of a metallurgical plant to produce blister and refined copper are presented. The intensity of mortality and relative carcinogenic risk for workers were calculated (common as well as age-specific for men and women). A comparison of the observed and “expected” indices of the cancer mortality rate was carried out and the relative carcinogenic risk for workers was determined. Results. The highest levels of cancer mortality were found in the age range of 50-59 years. It’s noted excess observed mortality from malignant tumors over “expected” both men and women in most cancer locations. For men involved in the production of sulfuric acid, a high carcinogenic risk of developing malignant neoplasms of urinary organs. For women involved in the production of sulfuric acid, a high carcinogenic risk of developing malignant neoplasms of the liver. When receiving copper sulfate, men have the greatest carcinogenic risk for urinary organs for tumors, and women for lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue tumors. The processing of anodic sludges is associated with a carcinogenic risk for men on lung cancer, and for a woman - on tumors of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue. Conclusion. Obtained epidemiological data indicate carcinogenic risk to workers involved in the complex recycling of copper metallurgy.

The possibility of using tantalum oxide microparticles in phosphate glass for radiation therapy of malignant neoplasms

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-87
Author(s):  
O. S. Plotnikova ◽  
V. I. Apanasevich ◽  
M. A. Medkov ◽  
A. A. Polezhaev ◽  
V. I. Nevozhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Glass ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Tantalum Oxide ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Secondary Radiation ◽  
Semiconductor Diode ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Diode Detector

Objective: The creation of the medicine for a local radiomodification of tumors.Methods: The level of the secondary radiation on the surface of the phosphate glass powder with the inclusion of tantalum oxide processed by 6 MeV deceleration emission was studied. Medical linear accelerator TrueBeam (Varian, USA), and Semiconductor diode detector PDI 2.0 (Sun Nuclear Corp., USA) having the system of moving in vertical plane and the system of position video recording were used.Results: The presence of the phosphate glass (containing 20% Та2О5) on the surface gave a 63.7% increase to the secondary radiation. It’s around two thirds of the overall level.Conclusion: An opportunity to create a medicine on the basis of phosphate glass, containing tantalum oxide, for local radiomodification of malignant tumors. 

scholarly journals Aspartame and cancer – new evidence for causation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Landrigan ◽  
Kurt Straif
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
New Findings

Abstract Background Aspartame is one of the world’s most widely used artificial sweeteners and is an ingredient in more than 5000 food products globally. A particularly important use is in low-calorie beverages consumed by children and pregnant women. The Ramazzini Institute (RI) reported in 2006 and 2007 that aspartame causes dose-related increases in malignant tumors in multiple organs in rats and mice. Increased cancer risk was seen even at low exposure levels approaching the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). Prenatal exposures caused increased malignancies in rodent offspring at lower doses than in adults. These findings generated intense controversy focused on the accuracy of RI’s diagnoses of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue tumors (HLTs). Critics made the claim that pulmonary lesions observed in aspartame-exposed animals were inflammatory lesions caused by Mycoplasma infection rather than malignant neoplasms. Methods To address this question, RI subjected all HLTs from aspartame-exposed animals to immunohistochemical analysis using a battery of markers and to morphological reassessment using the most recent Internationally Harmonized Nomenclature and Diagnostic (INHAND) criteria. Findings This immunohistochemical and morphological re-evaluation confirmed the original diagnoses of malignancy in 92.3% of cases. Six lesions originally diagnosed as lymphoma (8% of all HLTs) were reclassified: 3 to lymphoid hyperplasia, and 3 to chronic inflammation with fibrosis. There was no evidence of Mycoplasma infection. Interpretation These new findings confirm that aspartame is a chemical carcinogen in rodents. They confirm the very worrisome finding that prenatal exposure to aspartame increases cancer risk in rodent offspring. They validate the conclusions of the original RI studies. These findings are of great importance for public health. In light of them, we encourage all national and international public health agencies to urgently reexamine their assessments of aspartame’s health risks - especially the risks of prenatal and early postnatal exposures. We call upon food agencies to reassess Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) levels for aspartame. We note that an Advisory Group to the International Agency for Research on Cancer has recommended high-priority reevaluation of aspartame’s carcinogenicity to humans.

SPECTRUM OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL LESIONS OF FEMALE GENITAL TRACT - STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Naik Viraj R ◽  
Manjusha Jindal ◽  
Siddhi D. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
Female Genital

Introduction: (1) The female genital tract is constituted by the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus (body/corpus and cervix), vagina, and vulva. Female genital tract lesions can be benign or malignant. Our study was carried out to nd out the frequency of various histopathological lesions including neoplasms of female genital tract. Materials and Methods: Our study is retrospective conducted over 2 years period. Data was collected from case records of patients presenting to Goa Medical College and histopathology reports obtained from Dept of pathology. Data was represented in form of charts and tables. The analysis of statistical data of variables was done using SPSS software version 22. Signicance was calculated using chi square test. Value of p <0.05 was considered signicant. Results: Out of total 270 subjects studied, 229 were having benign lesions and 41 had malignant lesions.The mean age was 49.5 years. Leiomyoma was diagnosed in (40.58%) cases. In abnormalities of endometrium proliferative endometrium was seen in 37.6%. Chronic cervicitis was seen 78.74% cases. Among the ovarian lesions, 67.74% cases were simple follicular cysts. Cervical cancer was found in 73.17% cases followed by ovarian malignancies in 19.51 % cases, endometrial carcinoma in 4.87% cases and vulvar cancer in 2.44% cases. Among the malignant tumors (58.54%) cases were postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Microscopic assessment and clinico-pathological correlation of lesions is necessary as grossly identiable benign lesion may harbour a focus of malignancy. It aids to appropriate management in the postoperative period. A concerted effort should be done towards prevention of cancers, by creating awareness through health education in addition to implementation of screening methods.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF PRIMARY DETECTION OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE CAVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Наталья Нуриева ◽  
Natal'ya Nurieva ◽  
Александр Гузь ◽  
Aleksandr Guz ◽  
Александр Захаров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Late Treatment ◽  
Clinically Significant

Subject: malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, primary detectability, appeal to specialists, terms of treatment before hospitalization. Objective: based on a five-year analysis of the medical records of patients with a verified diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity, to identify significant criteria for primary diagnosis, doctors of the first contact, including non-cancer profile. Methodology. Malignant neoplasms occupy one of the leading places among all medical and social problems. This is due to a number of reasons, among which are particularly high rates of morbidity and mortality, late treatment of patients and frequent disability. the Purpose of early detection of malignant tumors of the oral cavity is to increase the effectiveness and radicality of treatment, increase the possibility of dental rehabilitation, reduction of disability. To write this article, we conducted a five-year analysis of the primary detection of malignant tumors of the oral cavity in 76 patients hospitalized for treatment in the head and neck Department of the Chelyabinsk district Oncology center. All patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis. Everyone needs specialized anti-tumor treatment. In addition to standard diagnostic procedures, all patients were surveyed on the issues of primary complaints and appeals to medical specialists. Results. On the example of the received questionnaires as well as the standard medical examinations conducted upon admission to the head and neck Department, the trends of the primary referral of patients to primary contact doctors, the terms of treatment before referral to a specialized oncological institution, the stage of the process and the presence of metastasis of the primary focus during treatment, the presence of aggravating factors are analyzed. Conclusions. The results for the five-year period in patients with primary malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity were evaluated, practical recommendations on clinically significant symptoms of malignant tumors of the oral cavity, orientation on the timing of observation were given.

scholarly journals Carcinoma of vulva occurs not only during old age: A Series of six cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
PR Pant ◽  
J Sharma ◽  
BL Manandhar ◽  
A Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Post Operative Period ◽  
Female Genital

Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva is predominantly a disease of postmenopausal women; it accounts for 5% of all female genital malignant neoplasms. Postoperative recovery in two among the five operated patient was late as their vulval wound underwent dehiscence. Other three patients had an uneventful post operative period. Histopathology report showed Squamous cell carcinoma in all the cases. Lymphnodes was negative for malignant cells in all the cases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2126/joim.v35i1.8902   Journal of Institute of Medicine, April, 2013; 35:71-73

scholarly journals LATE RADIATION TOXICITY AFTER RADICAL RADIOTHERAPY FOR GENITAL CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 130-147
Author(s):  
O. Sukhina ◽  
◽  
K. Nemaltsova ◽  
O. Panov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Radiation Toxicity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Radiation Cystitis ◽  
Local Radiation ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Female Genital

Radiation therapy for malignant tumors of the female genital area, even with the use of modern radiotherapy equipment and dosimetric planning, causes the development of local radiation changes. An approach involving methods of general and local exposure is used in their treatment. One of the most promising directions is the creation of optimal combinations of medicines (in the form of ointments, gels, aerosols, suppositories, etc.), which have a therapeutic effect on the inflammatory process. The article reflects the clinical course and stage of occurrence of late radiation reactions of the skin, vaginal/cervix mucosa, bladder, and intestines, as well as the features of their treatment. Literary data and own practical experience in the treatment of radiation complications are presented. When reviewing the topic under study, it could be concluded that the leading cause of the development of local radiation damage is the errors in the planning and implementation of radiation therapy, when high absorbed doses that exceed the tolerance of healthy tissues are used. Another reason for this is the poor accounting for dose distribution of ionizing radiation in tissues, the presence of concomitant diseases in patients, and the underestimation of the long-term effects of radiation. Key words: female genital organs, radiation damage, radiodermatitis, radioepitheliitis, radiation rectitis, radiation cystitis.

scholarly journals Uncoupled biological and chronological aging of neutrophils in cancer promotes tumor progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e003495
Author(s):  
Laura A Mittmann ◽  
Florian Haring ◽  
Johanna B Schaubächer ◽  
Roman Hennel ◽  
Bojan Smiljanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Chronological Aging ◽  
Functional Changes

BackgroundBeyond their fundamental role in homeostasis and host defense, neutrophilic granulocytes (neutrophils) are increasingly recognized to contribute to the pathogenesis of malignant tumors. Recently, aging of mature neutrophils in the systemic circulation has been identified to be critical for these immune cells to properly unfold their homeostatic and anti-infectious functional properties. The role of neutrophil aging in cancer remains largely obscure.MethodsEmploying advanced in vivo microscopy techniques in different animal models of cancer as well as utilizing pulse-labeling and cell transfer approaches, various ex vivo/in vitro assays, and human data, we sought to define the functional relevance of neutrophil aging in cancer.ResultsHere, we show that signals released during early tumor growth accelerate biological aging of circulating neutrophils, hence uncoupling biological from chronological aging of these immune cells. This facilitates the accumulation of highly reactive neutrophils in malignant lesions and endows them with potent protumorigenic functions, thus promoting tumor progression. Counteracting uncoupled biological aging of circulating neutrophils by blocking the chemokine receptor CXCR2 effectively suppressed tumor growth.ConclusionsOur data uncover a self-sustaining mechanism of malignant neoplasms in fostering protumorigenic phenotypic and functional changes in circulating neutrophils. Interference with this aberrant process might therefore provide a novel, already pharmacologically targetable strategy for cancer immunotherapy.

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