scholarly journals AFFECT OF OIL POLLUTED GRAY FOREST SOIL ON THE SPRING RAPE YIELD

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Regina Nigmatullina ◽  
Minnegali Gilyazov
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spring Rape

The purpose of the research is increasing the yield of spring rape in the Tatarstan pre-Kama zone. Soil pollution affects food safety both by reducing plant performance and yield class. Oil and petrochemicals are common con-tamination sources of environment. The work is devoted to the assessment of the impact of oil pollution of the soil on the yield of spring rapeseed. The study was conducted on the experimental field of the Department of «Agro-chemistry and Soil Science» of the Kazan State Agrarian University, located in the pre-Kama zone of Tatarstan. The experimental site is presented by gray forest medium loamy soil, which is the predominant difference for this zone. The area unpolluted soil was characterized by a low content of humus and a weak acidic medium, high con-centration of phosphorus and potassium active forms. The soil was purposely contaminated with commercial crude oil by spreading over the surface at the rate of 10, 20 and 40 l/m2. These levels of soil pollution, as shown by previ-ous studies, were estimated, respectively, as low, medium and high. A close positive correlation was established between the yield of spring rapeseed and the limitation of soil contamination (R2=0.763÷0.940). Mechanical soil treatment, liming, application of mineral fertilizers and Baikal EM-1 biologics was tested for recultivation. The yield of oilseeds of spring rapeseed was closely correlated with the level of single contamination of gray forest soil with commercial crude oil for at least 15 years. Obtaining the maximum yield of spring rapeseed on oil-polluted gray forest soil was provided by comprehensive application of soil loosening, liming and application of full mineral ferti-lizer.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CRUDE OIL CONTAMINATION ON SPRING RAPE VULNERABILITY BYDOWNY MILDEW IN FOREST GRAY SOIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Regina Osipova ◽  
Minnegali Gilyazov
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spring Rape

The work is devoted to the assessment of the impact of a single oil pollution of the soil on the yield and disease incidence of spring rape plants (Brassica napus L.). The study was conducted in experimental site of agrochemistry and soil science department of Kazan State Agrarian University, which is located in Predkamye zone of Tatarstan Republic. The soil in experimental site is clay loamy gray forest soil, which is typical for this zone. The main nutrient properties of uncontaminated soil was low content of humus, slightly high content of labile Phosphorous and moderate availability of labile Potassium, the pH was slightly acid. The soil was intentionally contaminated by crude oil on soil surface at the rates of 10, 20 and 40 l/m2. Based on the previous research, the contamination levels in this study are presented as low, moderate and high levels. The yield of oilseeds of spring rape was closely correlated with the level of one-time pollution of gray forest soil with crude oil over at least 15 years. The results showed that the increase of downy mildew abundance (R2=0,8804) and development(R2=0,8610) correlated with the soil contamination level. Consequently, both abundance and development of downy mildew induced asignificant negative effect on the yield of the main and side rape production. The strength of oil seeds production correlation with the level of plant infection (R2=0,8652÷0,8759) was more significant as compared to the correlation strength with the decrease of rape shoot yield (R2=0,8013÷0,8192)

FORMATION OF BARLEY HARVEST DEPENDING ON THE NUTRITION BACKGROUND AND THE USE OF HERBICIDES

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Митрофанов ◽  
Eduard Mitrofanov ◽  
Коршунов ◽  
Aleksandr Korshunov ◽  
Владимиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

The effectiveness of herbicides in spring barley crops on different nutrition backgrounds was studied in field experiments on dark gray forest soil of medium loamy particle size distribution in the conditions of Volga-Vyatka region. It is revealed that on both backgrounds of fertilizer application the barley formed a maximum yield, when applying the herbicide Bomba. When using this herbicide in making mineral fertilizers N54P54K54 the productivity was 2.71 tons per hectare and a dose N70P70K70 – it was 2.83 tons per hectare. On average for three years, the maximum (11.35%) protein content was appeared in the preparation by Sekator turbo herbicide on the background of fertilizer application of N70P70K70.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BIOLOGICAL AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON DARK-GRAY FOREST SOIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.А. ГАБИБОВ
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Impact

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы влияния биологических и минеральных удобрений на продуктивность озимой ржи на темно-серой лесной почве в условиях Рязанской области. Исследования проводились по методу расщепленных делянок: на делянках первого порядка на озимой ржи изучали эффективность минеральных и органических удобрений, а на делянках второго порядка – действие биопрепаратов. Результаты исследований показали, что наилучшим из исследованных агроэкологических приемов повышения урожайности озимой ржи является использование в качестве органического удобрения соломы люпина и инокуляции семян биопрепаратами ризоагрин или флавобактерин. Урожайность зерна озимой ржи составляет от 37,5 ц/га при использовании ризоагрина и до 38,7 ц/га – флавобактерина, в среднем за 3 года. Относительно фона прибавка составляет 6,7 и 7,9 ц/га или 21,9 и 25,5%. При данном агротехнологическом приеме прибавка получена как за счет увеличения продуктивных стеблей с 495 ш/м2 до 521 шт/м2 при обработке ризоагрином и 538 шт/м2 при обработке флавобактерином, так и за счет увеличения массы зерна в колосе (35,1 г на контроле, 37,5 г при обработке ризоагрином и 37,7 г флавобактерином). Необходимо отметить, что этот максимальный уровень урожайности в опыте был достигнут без внесения минеральных азотных удобрений. В целом наблюдается прямая корреляция между содержанием азота и урожайностью озимой ржи. Вынос основных элементов питания возрастает с увеличением урожайности. This article discusses the impact of biological and mineral fertilizers on the productivity of winter rye on dark gray forest soil in the Ryazan region. Studies were carried out by the method of split plots: on plots of the first order on winter rye studied the effectiveness of mineral and organic fertilizers, and on plots of the second order-the effect of biological products. The results of the research showed that the best of the studied agroecological methods of increasing the yield of winter rye is the use of Lupin straw as an organic fertilizer and inoculation of seeds with biologics rizoagrin or flavobacterin. The yield of winter rye grain is from 37.5 C / ha using rhizoagrin and up to 38.7 C / ha from flavobacterin, on average for 3 years. Relative to the background, the increase is 6.7 and 7.9 C / ha or 21.9 and 25.5%. With this agrotechnological method, the increase was obtained both by increasing the productive stems from 495 W / m2 to 521 PCs/m2 when treated with rizoagrin and 538 PCs/m2 when treated with flavobacterin, and by increasing the weight of grain in the ear (35.1 g on the control, 37.5 g when treated with rizoagrin and 37.7 g flavobacterin). It should be noted that this maximum level of yield in the experiment was achieved without the introduction of mineral nitrogen fertilizers. In General, there is a direct correlation between nitrogen content and winter rye yield. The removal of essential nutrients increases with increasing yields.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HARVEST AND NORMATIVE REMOVAL OF NUTRITIONAL SUBSTANCES OF WINTER RHY UNDER THE IMPACT OF AGROCHEMICALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Миннегали Гилязов ◽  
Minnegali Gilyazov ◽  
Булат Юнусов ◽  
Bulat Yunusov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Biological Preparation ◽  
Seed Dressing ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The variability of chemical composition of winter rye harvest under the influence of the Extrasol biological preparation, mineral fertilizers and seed dressing is considered. The values of economic and normative removal of basic nutrients in conditions of gray forest soil are established. The size of the normative removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by winter rye has been relatively stable, although slightly increased from the introduction of mineral fertilizers.

The effectiveness of granular chalk use for growing winter wheat on grey forest soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
M. Tkachenko ◽  
N. Borys ◽  
Ye. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Grey Forest Soil

The research aims to establish the eff ectiveness of granular chalk use produced by «Slavuta-Calcium» Ltd. under growing Poliska–90 winter wheat variety, changing the physicochemical properties of grey forest soil and the wheat productivity. It also aims to establish optimal dosis of «Slavuta-Calcium» granular chalk as the meliorant and mineral fertilizer for grey forest soil in the system of winter wheat fertilization. In the temporary fi eld studies, various doses of nutrients N60–90–120P30–45–60K60–90–120 combined with «Slavuta–Calcium» granular chalk in a dose of Ca230–460–690 kg/ha of the active substance were studied against the background of secondary plowing of rotation products – soybean biomass that averaged 2.34 t/ha. Granular chalk is a modern complex highly eff ective meliorant with the content of Ca – 37.7 and Mg – 0.2 %, the mass fraction of carbonates (CaCO3 + MgCO3) makes at least 95 %. It is characterized by a high level of solubility when interacting with moisture in soil. It has a form of white granules, the mass fraction of 4.0–6.0 mm in size granules makes not less than 90 % and the one of 1.0 mm in size makes less than 5 %. Reactivity – 97 %. The granular chalk is advisable to apply on acidic soils, as a highly concentrated calcium-magnesium fertilizer, with the former as the dominant fertilizer, to optimize the physicochemical properties of the soil, as well as the plant nutrition system, in particular, increasing the availability of an element for assimilation by plants and as long-term ameliorants. The eff ectiveness of the use of mineral fertilizers, in particular acidic nitrogen on highly and medium acidic soils, after chemical reclamation is increased by 30–50 %, and slightly acidic by 15–20 %. The increase in productivity of crops from the combined eff ects of nutrients and chalk granulated is usually higher than when separately applied. The eff ectiveness of the integrated action of these elements is manifested in the growth of plant productivity and the quality of the resulting products, as well as the optimization of physical chemical properties and soil buff ering in the long term. In order to optimize the physicochemical properties of the arable layer of gray forest soil and the productive nutrition of agricultural crops, winter wheat, in particular, biogenic elements should be used in doses N60-90-120P30-45- 60K60-90-120 with granulated chalk «Slavuta-Calcium» in doses of Ca230-460-690 kg/ha of active substance. Granulated chalk obtained as a result of industrial grinding of solid sedimentary carbonate rocks of natural origin, subsequently under the infl uence of the granulation process of the starting material contains Ca and Mg carbonates of at least 95 %, dense granules which facilitates convenient mechanized application, as well as chalk suitable for accurate metered application on the quest map. Key words: granular chalk, gray forest soil, chemical reclamation, crop productivity.

The change in agrochemical indicators of soil fertility under the influence of heavy metal contamination

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (91) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
S. H. Korsun ◽  
N. I. Dovbash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Background Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The aim of the study was to establish changes in the physico-chemical and agrochemical characteristics of gray forest large-clay loamy soil, depending on the contamination of ecotopes by heavy metals. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. The results of the study of the soil of areas with an over-dimensioned content of heavy metals and the transformation of agrochemical characteristics of gray forest soil in the cultivation of corn for grain. It was established that under conditions of systematic application of mineral fertilizers in agrocenoses, an increase in the lead concentration to 100 mg/kg, cadmium to 2,0, zinc to 50 mg/kg in gray forest soil did not result in a decrease in the amount available forms of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium by plants, compared with the natural background. Concentration of lead in the amount of 1000 mg/kg, cadmium – 20, zinc – 500 mg/kg marked an increase in exchange and hydrolytic acidity and loss of humus.

scholarly journals Dynamics of mineral nitrogen in the gray forest soil under malt barley on the background of mineral fertilizers in the forest steppe of the east Prisayan

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Viktor Grebenshchikov ◽  
Nikolay Tyutrin ◽  
Vasily Verkhoturov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Heavy Particle ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Moisture Regime

The content of mineral nitrogen was studied when it was applied at a dose of 60 kg / ha on gray forest soil of heavy particle- size distribution at various levels of phosphorus-potassium nutrition in field experiments with barley. Fertilizer doses were determined by the normative method according to the CINAS method for a planned yield of 3 t / ha. It was shown that the dynamics of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen depended on the moisture regime during the vegetation period. With excessive moisture, nitrate nitrogen, with its initial content of 4-5 mg / kg, is not detected in the arable layer by the middle of the growing season, and with a moisture deficit, less dynamism is noted. It is found in an amount of 5-7 mg / kg by the end of vegetation. The N – NH4 + dynamics turned out to be less pronounced. With an excess of moisture, its content increased to 15.6 mg / kg, and with a deficit, it decreased more than by four times from the maximum during the vegetation. In general, the content of mineral nitrogen in gray forest soil is highly dynamic, which depends on the moisture regime and the nature of its consumption by barley.

scholarly journals Nutritional regime of gray forest soil аt different anthropogenic loads

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
N. Borys ◽  
L. Krasjuk
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrient Regime ◽  
By Products

The aim of the research is to establish the peculiarities of the formation of the nutrient regime of gray forest soil with different systems of basic cultivation, fertilization and sealing of by-products of crops in short-rotation 4-field grain crop rotation – winter wheat–corn for grain–barley–soybean. Evaluate the quantitative inflow of biomass, participation in the formation of the nutrient regime of gray forest soil, especially the differentiation of 0–40 cm of soil layer depending on the distribution of nutrients in different tillage soil systems. The studies were carried out in a long-term stationary experiment of the department of soil cultivation and weed control of the NSC «Institute of Agriculture of the NAAS», founded in 1969. The fertilization system consisted of the application of mineral fertilizers N65Р58К68 kg acting things per 1 ha of crop rotation area. As an organic fertilizer, we used by-products of crop rotation, where during 2009–2013 received an average of 5,17–5,50 t/ha, and 2014–2017 – 6,65–7,76 t/ha of crop rotation. The existing yield of the main product significantly influenced the volume of the non-commodity part, with the growth of the main product, the growth of by-products also took place in direct proportion. Nitrogen removal averaged 105 kg/ha, and with biomass it returned on average 55,4 kg/ ha, nitrogen with a full mineralization cycle, in general, this corresponds to 45–47 % of the share of costs. In general, the return of phosphorus from by-products for the rotation of 5 received an average of 12,0–16,7 kg/ha and 4-field crop 26 rotation 19,5–22,0 kg/ha, which was 35–40 % of the total removal harvest. The soil received many times more potassium from the biomass of agricultural crops than part of the cost of the main product, due to the attraction of the maize leaf mass, from which an average of 177–253 kg/ha enters the soil, and for crop rotation – 61,4–95,4 kg/ha per hectare of sown area. Key words: gray forest soil, soil nutrient regime, recycling of nutrients, main and by-products of crops.

Changes in the properties and productivity of leached chernozem and gray forest soil under the impact of ameliorants

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1149-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kh. Yapparov ◽  
L. M.-Kh. Bikkinina ◽  
I. A. Yapparov ◽  
Sh. A. Aliev ◽  
A. M. Ezhkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The effect of mineral fertilizers and long-term aftereffect of liming on the biological properties of light gray forest soil and the yield of meadow clover 1g .p. in the conditions of the South-East of the Volga-Vyatka region

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
A. V. Ivenin ◽  
A. P. Sakov ◽  
Yu. A. Bogomolovа ◽  
T. S. Вuzynina ◽  
V. V. Ivenin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
The South

The article deals with the influence of mineral fertilizers and the long-term aftereffect of liming on the biological properties of light gray forest soil and the yield of meadow clover 1 g.p. in the conditions of the South-East of the Volga-Vyatka region. The biological properties of light gray forest soil in 2020 were more influenced by the weather conditions of the pink clover vegetation and the culture itself than by the studied aftereffects of lime material and various doses of its mineral nutrition. The biological activity of the soil was in the range of 16.3–30.4%. The intensity of soil respiration was very weak and was in the range of 1.53–3.4 mg of CO2/10g for 24 hours. The average yield of the green mass of clover 1 g.p. (in terms of absolutely dry matter) was in the range of 30.4–33.2 t/ha (NSR05 by factor B-6.3) and did not depend on the aftereffect of the studied lime doses. The use of N45P120K180 doses of mineral fertilizers increases the average yield of pink clover 1 g.p. compared with the natural fertility of light gray forest soil and the variants of using N15P40K60 doses up to 37.9 t/ ha, which is by11.9 and 8.6 t/ha respectively higher than these variants (NSR05 for factor A-5.2). An increase was also obtained from the use of N30P80K120 doses of mineral fertilizers compared to the cultivation of clover according to natural soil fertility — by7.4 t/ha (NSR05 according to factor A-5.2).I n general, for 42 years of studying the aftereffect of liming it was shown, that by 2020 liming does not affect the biological properties of light gray forest soil and the yield of 1 g.p. clove according to all the studied doses of its use in the conditions of the South-East of the Volga-Vyatka region. The soil needs repeating of reclamation works.

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