scholarly journals Sustainable consumption in macroeconomic approach in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-541
Author(s):  
Urszula Grzega
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Per Capita

Motivation: The studies on sustainable consumption are conducted in Poland and worldwide on the basis of various source data. Macroeconomic perspective is one of research approaches. The data obtained from the system of national accounts are especially important for the assessment of the situation in Poland. As a result of research specific indicators are obtained which express changes in various areas of functioning of consumption entities in the perspective of sustainable consumption. Aim: to indicate the main trends of research on sustainable consumption in macroeconomic approach in Poland and to recognise the changes in the area of sustainable consumption on the basis of indicators adopted in the research on sustainable development conducted by Central Statistical Office. Results: In Polish official statistics, the process of tracing sustainable development which includes sustainable consumption as an integral part, can be conducted with the use of the set of indicators monitoring four main orders, i.e. social, economic, environmental and institutional, as well as political order. Indicators related to the patterns of sustainable consumption are located in the group of indicators of social order and include such measures as the structure of average monthly expenditure per capita in households by type, the structure of passenger cars by age groups and electricity consumption in households per capita. Conducted research shows that in the years 2004–2019 favourable changes were reported in Poland in the structure of individual consumption in the household sector. They were related to the decrease in the value of the food index and the increase in the expenditures free choice indicator. At the same time, the data from Central Statistical Office shows that a regression was observed in the other two research areas, i.e. the structure of passenger cars by age and energy consumption in households.

scholarly journals Determinants of the development of the Mazowieckie Province in 2007-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grzęda
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
National Average ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Positive Population

The article presents the results of the analysis of factors influencing the development of the Mazowieckie Province (Masovia) in the years 2007–2016. Data for the study were collected from the Central Statistical Office and Statistical Yearbooks of the Mazowieckie Province. The results indicate that the level of development of Masovia is considerably higher than of other provinces in the country. At the end of the analyzed period, in Masovia the GDP per capita was almost twice as high as the national average. Masovia held the highest share in Poland’s GDP (22%). Important factors positively affecting the development of Masovia are: positive population growth and improving demographic situation, and broad access to telecommunications. Additional factors of the dynamic Masovia’s development are: extensive transportation infrastructure (104.3 km per 100 km2) and high number of students (236.5 thousand) and college graduates (60.8 thousand) who constitute the future substantive resources of the province’s economy.

Time Allocation and the Life Cycle of Women and Men in Poland

2015 ◽  
pp. 293-314
Author(s):  
Anna Zachorowska-Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Unpaid Work ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Paid And Unpaid Work

The way people spend time determines the quality of their lives. Work takes a significant share of the time we have at our disposal. The allocation of time between paid and unpaid work depends on gender as well as age, and it influences women's and men's opportunities. This chapter analyses the allocation of women's and men's time between paid and unpaid work in the context of life-cycle. In the first part, economic theories concerning decision making processes about how to allocate time between market work and household are presented. The allocation of women's and men's time in distinguished age groups in Poland is analysed in the second part of the chapter. The analysis is based on time use data from research conducted by Central Statistical Office in years 2003-2004. The last part presents the logistic function that allows to determine estimated maxima of women's and men's activities both in paid and unpaid work. The analysis confirmed that time allocation depends both on gender and life-cycle.

scholarly journals Csokoládéfogyasztás és a magyar Nobel-díjasok

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
András Folyovich ◽  
Tamás Jarecsny ◽  
Dorottya Jánoska ◽  
Eszter Dudás ◽  
Katalin Anna Béres-Molnár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Nobel Laureates ◽  
Development Expenditure ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
International Data ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract: Introduction: Certain dietary items contain significant amounts of flavonoids which was shown to improve cognitive function. An earlier investigation demonstrated a strong linear correlation between chocolate consumption and the number of Nobel laureates in a given country. However, Hungary and the Hungarian Nobel laureates were not included in this analysis. Aim: In this publication, we aim to complement these data by analyzing data available for Hungary. Method: The number of Nobel laureates per country and the international data on chocolate consumption were based on the previously published results. The amount of chocolate consumption in Hungary was based on data from the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. GDP per capita and Research and Development Expenditure data for the investigated countries were derived from the World Bank. Results: There are 11 Nobel laureates from Hungary. Based on this, Hungary ranks the 9th amongst the 24 studied countries. However, it only ranks the 19th when it comes to chocolate consumption. Correlations were found between the number of Nobel laureates and GDP per capita (r = 0.734; p = 0.001) as well as Research and Development Expenditure (r = 0.532; p = 0.01) amongst the studied countries. Conclusion: The achievements of Hungarian scholars do not support the earlier notion that there is a link between the number of Nobel laureates (cognitive function) and the chocolate consumption in a given country. Their biographies highlight the importance and more possibilities of research funding in wealthier countries. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(1): 26–29.

scholarly journals Assessment of Spatial Diversity of the Potential of the Natural Environment in the Context of Sustainable Development of Poviats in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6027
Author(s):  
Paweł Dziekański ◽  
Piotr Prus ◽  
Mansoor Maitah ◽  
Magdalena Wrońska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Policy Optimization

The activities of the poviat are a combination of interrelated factors. The use of natural resources should be carried out in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. The aim of this research was to assess the spatial differentiation of development relationships, the natural environment, and ecology of poviats in Poland, using a synthetic measure. Empirical data were collected in the spatial terms of poviats in Poland. The choice of variables was conditioned by the availability of data of the Central Statistical Office for 2010–2019. The assessment of development of poviats indicates disproportions in terms of development variables, as well as the natural environment and ecology, and the existence of a weak impact of natural conditions for development. Poviats distinguished by a higher level of natural environment are not characterized by a higher measure of development. The reason for the low impact of non-financial conditions on the development of poviats is their dependence on transfer from the state budget and the amount of current expenditure. The results may constitute a source of information for local government authorities on the disproportions existing between units, on the determination of directions of development policy optimization in terms of the natural environment and ecology.

scholarly journals Ubóstwo w Polsce i Unii Europejskiej a formy jego przezwyciężania w kontekście zrównoważonego rozwoju i doświadczeń UE

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (1) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Biernat-Jarka ◽  
Paulina Trębska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

The aim of this article is to assess the forms of overcoming poverty in Poland against the background of the European Union in the context of sustainable development and the experience of the European Union. The article presents the scale of poverty in Poland and in the European Union, reviewing literature from this area and analysis of secondary sources from the Central Statistical Office and EUROSTAT.

Time Allocation and the Life Cycle of Women and Men in Poland

2019 ◽  
pp. 242-264
Author(s):  
Anna Zachorowska-Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Unpaid Work ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Paid And Unpaid Work

The way people spend time determines the quality of their lives. Work takes a significant share of the time we have at our disposal. The allocation of time between paid and unpaid work depends on gender as well as age, and it influences women's and men's opportunities. This chapter analyses the allocation of women's and men's time between paid and unpaid work in the context of life-cycle. In the first part, economic theories concerning decision making processes about how to allocate time between market work and household are presented. The allocation of women's and men's time in distinguished age groups in Poland is analysed in the second part of the chapter. The analysis is based on time use data from research conducted by Central Statistical Office in years 2003-2004. The last part presents the logistic function that allows to determine estimated maxima of women's and men's activities both in paid and unpaid work. The analysis confirmed that time allocation depends both on gender and life-cycle.

INCOME POTENTIAL OF RURAL COMMUNES OF WIELKOPOLSKA PROVINCE IN 2005-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Głowicka-Wołoszyn ◽  
Feliks Wysocki ◽  
Agata Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Per Capita

The aim of the study was to assess the income potential of rural communes and to compare it to other administrative types in Wielkopolska province in 2005-2016, with particular emphasis on the Metropolitan Area of Poznań (POM). The research drew on data from the Central Statistical Office (Local Data Bank) and found income potential of rural communes of the province to be the lowest of all types of communes, with low values of own income per capita and financial self-sufficiency index. On the other hand, POM rural communes had higher own income potential compared to rural communes outside of POM or to other types of communes inside POM. The analyzed period saw increased shares of PIT revenues in the budgets of rural and urban-rural communes, which by 2016 were the most important source of own income in all groups of surveyed communes.

scholarly journals Restaurants and hotels expenditure in Polish households of the elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlena Piekut
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract The age of household members is an important factor for expenditures. The aim of the study is to investigate the level of expenditure on restaurants and hotels incurred in Polish households of the elderly in 2004-2013 and to identify the factors affecting such expenditures. The source of information used in the study was the household budget survey of the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The main methods used in this study were variance analysis and regression analysis. Restaurants and hotels expenditure increases every year together with their share in total household expenditure. The most important factors affecting the restaurants and hotels spending in Polish households of the elderly are: income per capita and the level of education of the head of the family. The study on consumption determinants at different groups leads to better understanding of consumer behavior circumstances and thereby ensuring a good quality of life for the people of the elderly.

scholarly journals Household Spending on Recreation and Culture – A Comparative Analysis of Selected Age Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Iwona Bąk ◽  
Beata Szczecińska
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Household Spending ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

AbstractIntroduction. The attractiveness and quality of spending free time are becoming more and more important. Its crucial elements are recreation and culture which contribute to the development of interests and personality, an increase in physical activity, the discharge of nervous tension and the prevention of lifestyle diseases. The use of recreation and culture depends on many factors. For the authors, it is particularly interesting to check the level and structure of spending on recreation and tourism in relation to age. Therefore, the purpose of the article was to compare the spending on recreation and culture in two groups of households. The first concerned households where the head of the household was at most 35 years old, while the other group included households of the elderly.Material and methods. The analysis of household expenditure in 2018 on recreation and culture, including organized tourism, was based on a set of unitary unidentifiable data on household budgets, which were made available by the Central Statistical Office for a fee. The basic descriptive parameters of the structure analysis and a power-exponential econometric model were used in the research.Results. The financial situation of the household has the greatest impact on the formation of expenditure related to free time, regardless of the age of the household head. The number of people in the household is also important, which is particularly evident in the case of young households, but it is also important in 60+ households, as they are more willing to enjoy recreation and culture in the company of other people of the household. The education of the head of the household significantly affects spending on recreation and culture only among 60+ households.Conclusion. The results of the research presented in this article prove that the level of expenditure on recreation and culture depends on socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, income, place of residence, etc.

ECOLOGY SAFETY – SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMICAL ASPECT

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Zofia Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Ecological Safety ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Economical Aspect

The aim of the research is to approximate ecological safety issues, sustainable development and investment outlays for environmental protection and water management. The article is a theoretical and empirical review. It has been prepared using sources from GUS (polish Central Statistical Office). Analysis concern selected years from 2000 -2015. Investment outlays for environmental protection used by provinces and investor groups concern 2015. The following research tools were used: review of literature, descriptive and comparative analysis. Investment outlays in environment protection and water management increased, but their part in investment outlays in the national economy is not too high. The most of outlays for environmental protection in 2015 was incurred in following provinces: Mazowieckie, Wielkopolska and Śląskie, while the least in Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Podlaskie. The structure of investor groups for environmental protection has not changed for several years. The main investors are the companies (whose part in expenditures in this year was 67%), the next commune (27%), then the budget units (6%).

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